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Saul Of Hungary
Saul ( 1114 –1131) was the heir presumptive of the Kingdom of Hungary from around 1127. He was the son of Sophia, the only sister of Stephen II of Hungary. His childless uncle appointed Saul as his heir in 1127. Although Saul survived his uncle, according to a late source, he did not succeed him and died before Béla II of Hungary was crowned king in April 1131. Life Saul was the only known son of Sophia, the daughter of Coloman the Learned, King of Hungary. The name and family of Saul's father is unknown. Historian Márta Font writes that Saul was born between 1113 and 1115. According to the ''Illuminated Chronicle'' King Stephen II of Hungary, who was childless and delicate of health, "so ordered the succession to the throne that after his death the son of his sister Sophia, by name Saul, should reign."''The Hungarian Illuminated Chronicle'' (ch. 158.112), p. 135. Historian Ferenc Makk says that Saul was appointed heir in the first half of 1127. The ''Illuminated Chroni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Árpád Dynasty
The Árpád dynasty consisted of the members of the royal House of Árpád (), also known as Árpáds (, ). They were the ruling dynasty of the Principality of Hungary in the 9th and 10th centuries and of the Kingdom of Hungary from 1000 to 1301. The dynasty was named after the Hungarian Grand Prince Árpád who was the head of the Hungarian tribal federation during the conquest of the Carpathian Basin, c. 895. Previously, it was referred to as the Turul dynasty or kindred. Both the first Grand Prince of the Hungarians (Álmos) and the first king of Hungary (Saint Stephen) were members of the dynasty. Christianity was adopted as the state religion for the Kingdom of Hungary by the dynasty, and the Árpád's kings used the title of the apostolic king, the descendants of the dynasty gave the world the highest number of saints and blesseds from one family. The Árpád dynasty ruled the Carpathian Basin for four hundred years, influencing almost all of Europe through its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sophia (Coloman Of Hungary's Daughter)
Sophia was the eldest known child of King Coloman of Hungary and his wife, Felicia of Sicily. She was born between 1097 and 1100. Her son Saul was the heir presumptive to her childless brother, Stephen II of Hungary. Life Sophia is one of the three children and the only daughter of Coloman the Learned whose name was recorded in the chronicles. Her mother was Felicia of Sicily, her father's first wife. As her parents' marriage took place in 1097, Sophia could not have been born before that year. According to Kristó, "it is beyond doubt" that she was named after her paternal grandaunt. Her brothers, twins Stephen and Ladislaus, were born in 1101. The only certain fact of her life is the name of her son, Saul. The ''Illuminated Chronicle'' narrates that her brother, King Stephen II of Hungary Stephen II (; ; ; 1101 – early 1131), King of Hungary and King of Croatia, Croatia, ruled from 1116 until 1131. His father, King Coloman, had him crowned as a child, thus denying the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heir Presumptive
An heir presumptive is the person entitled to inherit a throne, peerage, or other hereditary honour, but whose position can be displaced by the birth of a person with a better claim to the position in question. This is in contrast to an heir apparent, whose claim on the position cannot be displaced in this manner. Overview Depending on the rules of the monarchy, the heir presumptive might be the daughter of a monarch if males take preference over females and the monarch has no sons, or the senior member of a collateral line if the monarch is childless or the monarch's direct descendants cannot inherit either because #they are daughters and females are completely barred from inheriting #the monarch's children are illegitimate, or #some other legal disqualification, such as ##being descended from the monarch through a morganatic line or ##the descendant's refusal or inability to adopt a religion the monarch is required to profess. The subsequent birth of a legitimate child t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from 1000 to 1946 and was a key part of the Habsburg monarchy from 1526-1918. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the Coronation of the Hungarian monarch, coronation of the first king Stephen I of Hungary, Stephen I at Esztergom around the year 1000;Kristó Gyula – Barta János – Gergely Jenő: Magyarország története előidőktől 2000-ig (History of Hungary from the prehistory to 2000), Pannonica Kiadó, Budapest, 2002, , pp. 37, 113, 678 ("Magyarország a 12. század második felére jelentős európai tényezővé, középhatalommá vált."/"By the 12th century Hungary became an important European factor, became a middle power.", "A Nyugat részévé vált Magyarország.../Hungary became part of the West"), pp. 616–644 his family (the Árpád dynasty) led the monarchy for 300 years. By the 12th century, the kingdom became a European power. Du ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stephen II Of Hungary
Stephen II (; ; ; 1101 – early 1131), King of Hungary and King of Croatia, Croatia, ruled from 1116 until 1131. His father, King Coloman, had him crowned as a child, thus denying the crown to his uncle Álmos, Duke of Croatia, Álmos. In the first year of his reign, Republic of Venice, Venice occupied Dalmatia and Stephen never restored his rule in that province. His reign was characterized by frequent wars with neighbouring countries. Early years (till 1116) Stephen and his twin brother, Ladislaus, were sons of the Hungarian king Coloman, King of Hungary, Coloman by his wife, Felicia of Sicily. According to the ''Illuminated Chronicle'', they were born "... in the year of our Lord 1101." Stephen was named after the Stephen I of Hungary, first king of Hungary, who had been canonized in 1083, implying that he was his father's heir from birth. A document written in Zadar in approximately 1105 AD makes mention of "Stephen, our most renowned king" along with Coloman, proving th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Béla II Of Hungary
Béla the Blind (; ; ; – 13 February 1141) was King of Hungary and Croatia from 1131 to 1141. He was blinded along with his rebellious father Álmos on the order of Álmos's brother, King Coloman of Hungary. Béla grew up in monasteries during the reign of Coloman's son Stephen II. The childless king arranged Béla's marriage with Helena of Rascia, who would become her husband's co-ruler throughout his reign. Béla was crowned king at least two months after the death of Stephen II, implying that his accession to the throne did not happen without opposition. Two violent purges were carried out among the partisans of his predecessors to strengthen Béla's rule. King Coloman's alleged son Boris tried to dethrone Béla but the king and his allies defeated the pretender's troops in 1132. In the second half of Béla's reign, Hungary adopted an active foreign policy. Bosnia and Split seem to have accepted Béla's suzerainty around 1136. Early years until 1131 Béla was t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coloman The Learned
Coloman the Learned, also the Book-Lover or the Bookish (; ; ; 10703February 1116), was King of Hungary from 1095 and King of Croatia from 1097 until his death. Because Coloman and his younger brother Álmos were underage when their father Géza I died, their uncle Ladislaus I ascended the throne in 1077. Ladislaus prepared Colomanwho was "half-blind and humpbacked", according to late medieval Hungarian chroniclesfor a church career, and Coloman was eventually appointed bishop of Eger or Várad (Oradea, Romania) in the early 1090s. The dying King Ladislaus preferred Álmos to Coloman when nominating his heir in early 1095. Coloman fled from Hungary but returned around 19 July 1095 when his uncle died. He was crowned in early 1096; the circumstances of his accession to the throne are unknown. He granted the Hungarian Duchyone-third of the Kingdom of Hungaryto Álmos. In the year of Coloman's coronation, at least five large groups of crusaders arrived in Hungary on their way to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King Of Hungary
The King of Hungary () was the Monarchy, ruling head of state of the Kingdom of Hungary from 1000 (or 1001) to 1918. The style of title "Apostolic King of Hungary" (''Magyarország apostoli királya'') was endorsed by Pope Clement XIII in 1758 and used afterwards by all monarchs of Hungary. The term "King of Hungary" is typically capitalized only as a title applied to a specific person; however, within this article, the terms "Kings of Hungary" or "Junior Kings" (etc.) are also shown in capital letters, as in the manner of philosophical writing which capitalizes concepts such as Truth, Kindness and Beauty. Establishment of the title Before 1000 AD, Hungary was not yet recognized as a kingdom by the Pope and the List of rulers of Hungary, ruler of Hungary was styled Grand Prince of the Hungarians. The first King of Hungary, Stephen I of Hungary, Stephen I. was crowned on 25 December 1000 (or 1 January 1001 in the proleptic calendar) with the crown Pope ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Illuminated Chronicle
The ''Chronicon Pictum'' or ''Illuminated Chronicle'' (, , , also referred to as the ''Illustrated Chronicle'', ''Chronica Hungarorum'', ''Chronicon Hungarie Pictum'', ''Chronica Picta'' or ''Chronica de Gestis Hungarorum'') is a medieval illustrated chronicle from the Kingdom of Hungary from the 14th century. It represents the artistic style of the royal court of King Louis I of Hungary. The codex is a unique source of art, medieval and cultural history. The chronicle's full name is: ''Chronicon Pictum – Marci de Kalt Chronica de Gestis Hungarorum'' (Illustrated Chronicle – Mark of Kalt's Chronicle About the Deeds of the Hungarians). History of the chronicle King Louis I of Hungary commissioned the ''Chronicon Pictum'' and the ''Secretum Secretorum'', which were both produced in a Hungarian workshop. Miklόs Meggyesi, son of Hertul the court painter of Louis, has traditionally been identified as the illuminator, though there is no real evidence for this. The Illuminated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman Turkish Language
Ottoman Turkish (, ; ) was the standardized register (sociolinguistics), register of the Turkish language in the Ottoman Empire (14th to 20th centuries CE). It borrowed extensively, in all aspects, from Arabic and Persian language, Persian. It was written in the Ottoman Turkish alphabet. Ottoman Turkish was largely unintelligible to the less-educated lower-class and to rural Turks, who continued to use ("raw/vulgar Turkish"; compare Vulgar Latin and Demotic Greek), which used far fewer foreign loanwords and is the basis of the modern standard. The Tanzimat, Tanzimât era (1839–1876) saw the application of the term "Ottoman" when referring to the language ( or ); Modern Turkish uses the same terms when referring to the language of that era ( and ). More generically, the Turkish language was called or "Turkish". History Historically, Ottoman Turkish was transformed in three eras: * (Old Ottoman Turkish): the version of Ottoman Turkish used until the 16th century. It wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tarih-i Üngürüs
The ''Tarih-i Üngürüs'' () is a 16th-century Ottoman Turkish chronicle treating the history of the Hungarians. Its author Mahmud Tercüman translated it from a Latin chronicle found after the siege of Székesfehérvár in 1543. According to the scientific point of view, this work was a late 15th-century chronicle, Johannes de Thurocz's ''Chronica Hungarorum''. Since it provides different information on Hungarian prehistory compared to the Hungarian chronicles on several points, there is also a fringe theory according to which the author found and translated the lost '' Urgesta'' or "ancient gesta", the earliest chronicle of the Hungarians. Manuscript Hungarian Turkologist and orientalist Ármin Vámbéry discovered the manuscript during one of his journeys to the Ottoman Empire and brought it to Hungary in the 1850s. Vámbéry donated the manuscript to the library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA) in 1860, where the 210-page document received the pressmark Török ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1110s Births
111 may refer to: *111 (number) *111 BC * AD 111 * 111 (Australian TV channel), a TV channel now called Fox Funny * 111 (emergency telephone number), the emergency telephone number in New Zealand *NHS 111, a free-to-call non-emergency medical helpline in the UK *(111) a Miller index for the crystal face plane formed by cutting off the corner equally along each axis * 111 Ate, a main-belt asteroid Transport * Swissair Flight 111, was a scheduled international passenger flight from John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York City, United States, to Cointrin Airport in Geneva, Switzerland *111 (MBTA bus), a bus route operated by Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority *111 (New Jersey bus), a bus route operated by New Jersey Bus *Tatra 111, a heavy truck manufactured by Tatra Music * ''111'' (Her Majesty & the Wolves album) * ''111'' (Željko Joksimović album) * ''111'' (Pabllo Vittar album) See also *III (other) *List of highways numbered 111 *1/11 (disambiguat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
