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Saudi Public Investment Fund
The Public Investment Fund (PIF; ) is the sovereign wealth fund of Saudi Arabia. It is among the largest sovereign wealth funds in the world with total estimated assets of billion. It was created in 1971 for the purpose of investing funds on behalf of the Government of Saudi Arabia. The wealth fund is controlled by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Saudi Arabia's ''de facto'' ruler since 2015. More than 60% of the fund's activities are within Saudi Arabia. Within Saudi Arabia, the fund's investments primarily go to private conglomerates owned by prominent Saudi business families who have close ties to the Saudi ruling family. Outside Saudi Arabia the fund's investments into prominent foreign assets such as Premier League football club 2021 takeover of Newcastle United F.C., Newcastle United have generated controversy due to the fund's lack of transparency and close control by the Saudi government, which has itself faced significant criticism around the Human rights in Saudi Arab ...
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Public Investment Fund Logo
In public relations and communication science, publics are groups of individual people, and the public (a.k.a. the general public) is the totality of such groupings. This is a different concept to the sociological concept of the ''Öffentlichkeit'' or public sphere. The concept of a public has also been defined in political science, psychology, marketing, and advertising. In public relations and communication science, it is one of the more ambiguous concepts in the field. Although it has definitions in the theory of the field that have been formulated from the early 20th century onwards, and suffered more recent years from being blurred, as a result of conflation of the idea of a public with the notions of audience, market segment, community, constituency, and stakeholder. Etymology and definitions The name "public" originates with the Latin '' publicus'' (also '' poplicus''), from ''populus'', to the English word 'populace', and in general denotes some mass population ("the p ...
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Saudi Central Bank
The Saudi Central Bank (), previously known as the Saudi Arabian Monetary Authority (SAMA; ), established in 1952, is the central bank of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Despite the name change in 2020, the Saudi Central Bank has continued to use the same acronym (SAMA). History Prior to the establishment of the Saudi Central Bank, the Saudi Hollandi Bank, a branch of the Netherlands Trading Society from 1926 acted as a de facto central bank. It kept the Kingdom's gold reserves and received oil revenues on behalf of the Saudi Arabian government. In 1928 it assisted in the establishment of a new Saudi silver coin, commissioned by King Abdulaziz which became the Kingdom's first independent currency. The Saudi Hollandia Bank handed over its responsibilities to the SAMA when it was established in 1952 and became a model for other foreign banks in the kingdom. The building's current headquarters, which was built in 1985 was designed by American architect Minoru Yamasaki. The modern cen ...
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Citigroup
Citigroup Inc. or Citi (Style (visual arts), stylized as citi) is an American multinational investment banking, investment bank and financial services company based in New York City. The company was formed in 1998 by the merger of Citicorp, the bank holding company for Citibank, and The Travelers Companies, Travelers; Travelers was spun off from the company in 2002. Citigroup is the List of largest banks in the United States, third-largest banking institution in the United States by assets; alongside JPMorgan Chase, Bank of America, and Wells Fargo, it is one of the Big Four (banking)#United States, Big Four banking institutions of the United States. It is considered a Systemically important financial institution, systemically important bank by the Financial Stability Board, and is commonly cited as being "too big to fail". It is one of the eight global investment banks in the Bulge Bracket. Citigroup is ranked 36th on the Fortune 500, ''Fortune'' 500, and was ranked #24 in Fo ...
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Meta Platforms
Meta Platforms, Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Menlo Park, California. Meta owns and operates several prominent social media platforms and communication services, including Facebook, Instagram, Threads (social network), Threads, Facebook Messenger, Messenger and WhatsApp. The company also operates an advertising network for its own sites and third parties; , advertising accounted for 97.8 percent of its total revenue. The company was originally established in 2004 as TheFacebook, Inc., and was renamed Facebook, Inc. in 2005. In 2021, it rebranded as Meta Platforms, Inc. to reflect a strategic shift toward developing the metaverse—an interconnected digital ecosystem spanning virtual reality, virtual and augmented reality technologies. Meta is considered one of the Big Tech, Big Five American technology companies, alongside Alphabet Inc., Alphabet (Google), Amazon (company), Amazon, Apple Inc., Apple, and Microsoft. In 2023, it was rank ...
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Boeing
The Boeing Company, or simply Boeing (), is an American multinational corporation that designs, manufactures, and sells airplanes, rotorcraft, rockets, satellites, and missiles worldwide. The company also provides leasing and product support services. Boeing is among the largest global aerospace manufacturers; it is the fourth-largest defense contractor in the world based on 2022 revenue and is the largest exporter in the United States by dollar value. Boeing was founded by William E. Boeing in Seattle, Washington, on July 15, 1916. The present corporation is the result of the merger of Boeing with McDonnell Douglas on August 1, 1997. As of 2023, the Boeing Company's corporate headquarters is located in the Crystal City neighborhood of Arlington County, Virginia. The company is organized into three primary divisions: Boeing Commercial Airplanes (BCA), Boeing Defense, Space & Security (BDS), and Boeing Global Services (BGS). In 2021, Boeing recorded $62.3billion in sales. ...
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Live Nation
Live Nation Entertainment, Inc. is an American multinational Entertainment industry, entertainment company that was founded in 2010 following the Mergers and acquisitions, merger of Live Nation (events promoter), Live Nation and Ticketmaster. It promotes, operates and manages ticket sales for live entertainment internationally. It also owns and operates entertainment venues and manages the careers of music artists. The company has faced widespread criticism over its central role in the Consolidation (business), consolidation of the live events industry, allegations that it proactively engages in anti-competitive practices, poor handling of the ticket sale process for highly popular events, and injuries and deaths that have occurred at many of its events. As of early 2023, Live Nation's annual shareholders report says the company has controlling interests in 338 venues globally and believes itself to be "the largest live entertainment company in the world," "the largest producer ...
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Neom
Neom (styled NEOM; , ) is an arcology and planned city being built by Saudi Arabia in Tabuk Province. Launched in 2017 by crown prince Mohammad bin Salman, the site is at the northern tip of the Red Sea, due east of Egypt across the Gulf of Aqaba and south of Jordan. The total planned area of Neom is . Multiple regions are planned, including a floating industrial complex, global trade hub, tourist resorts, and a linear city powered by renewable energy sources. Saudi Arabia claimed that NEOM would create around 460,000 jobs and add an estimated $48 billion to the country's GDP. Thousands of people have been forcibly moved to make way for the project and villages have been razed. Much of the city is hoped to be completed by 2030, with the up coming Saudi VISION 2030 around the corner. though some experts have expressed skepticism about the ambitions of the megaproject. The project's estimated costs exceed $8.8 trillion (more than 25 times the annual Saudi budget). On 29 J ...
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Red Sea Project
The Red Sea Project (), simply referred to as the Red Sea (), is a regenerative tourism megaproject on the Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia. The project, which is developed by Public Investment Fund-owned Red Sea Global, forms part of the Saudi Vision 2030 program. The project was announced by the Saudi crown prince Mohammad bin Salman in July 2017. On completion in 2030, the Red Sea aims to have 50 hotels with 8,000 rooms, and more than 1,000 residential properties across 22 islands and 6 inland sites. Location The project is located on the west coast of Saudi Arabia in a 28,000 km2 area in Tabuk province between the cities of Umluj and Al Wajh, Al-Wajh. The area includes more than 90 unspoiled offshore islands, 200km of coastline on the Red Sea, beaches, desert, mountains and volcanoes. This also incorporates the Al Wajh lagoon, a pristine 2,081 km2 area that includes valuable habitats (coral reefs, seagrass, and mangroves) and species of global conservation importance. Histor ...
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Qiddiya
Qiddiya (, ) is a planned entertainment and tourism megaproject in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Construction started at the beginning of 2019. It was planned to open in 2023, though as of 2024, major projects including Six Flags Qiddiya City, the Aquarabia waterpark, and the Formula One racetrack are under construction and incomplete (with the racetrack now being scheduled to open in 2027). It is part of the Saudi Vision 2030 program, which aims to diversify the Saudi economy. History The project, which was announced in April 2017, is part of a goal to increase local spending and diversify the Saudi economy under Saudi Vision 2030. The project is supported by the Public Investment Fund. According to the organizers, the total number of annual visitors will by 2030 reach 17 million, and be the "largest tourism destination worldwide". It is expected to create 325,000 jobs. The first phase of the project was planned to be completed by 2023, though it was later pushed back to 2025. Upon ...
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Nexon
Nexon Co., Ltd. (formerly ) is a South Korean video game developer and publisher. It develops and publishes titles including ''MapleStory'', ''Crazyracing Kartrider'', ''Sudden Attack'', ''Dungeon & Fighter'', ''The First Descendant'', and ''Blue Archive''. Headquartered in Japan, the company has offices in South Korea, the United States, Taiwan, and Thailand. Nexon was founded in Seoul, South Korea, in 1994 by Kim Jung-ju. In 2005, the company moved its headquarters to Tokyo, Japan. However, its largest shareholder is an investment and holding company NXC, headquartered in Jeju Province, South Korea. History Nexon was established in Seoul, South Korea, on December 26, 1994. It developed and published its first title, ''Nexus: The Kingdom of the Winds'', in 1996, which the company continues to service. Numerous other games followed, such as ''Dark Ages: Online Roleplaying'', ''Elemental Saga'', ''QuizQuiz (video game), QuizQuiz'', ''KartRider'', ''Elancia'', and ''Shattered ...
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Capcom
is a Japanese video game company. It has created a number of critically acclaimed and List of best-selling video game franchises, multi-million-selling game franchises, with its most commercially successful being ''Resident Evil'', ''Monster Hunter'', ''Street Fighter'', ''Mega Man'', ''Devil May Cry'', ''Onimusha'', ''Dead Rising'', ''Dragon's Dogma'', ''Ace Attorney'', and ''Marvel vs. Capcom''. Established in 1979, it has become an international enterprise with subsidiaries in East Asia (Hong Kong), Europe (London, England), and North America (San Francisco, California). History Founding and arcade games (1979-1984) Capcom's predecessor, I.R.M. Corporation, was founded on May 30, 1979 by Kenzo Tsujimoto, who was still president of Irem, Irem Corporation when he founded I.R.M. He worked at both companies at the same time until leaving Irem in 1983. The original companies that spawned Capcom's Japan branch were I.R.M. and its subsidiary Japan Capsule Computers Co., Ltd., bo ...
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Uber
Uber Technologies, Inc. is an American multinational transportation company that provides Ridesharing company, ride-hailing services, courier services, food delivery, and freight transport. It is headquartered in San Francisco, California, and operates in approximately 70 countries and 15,000 cities worldwide. It is the largest ridesharing company worldwide with over 150 million monthly active users and 6 million active drivers and couriers. It coordinates an average of 28 million trips per day, and has coordinated 47 billion trips since its inception in 2010. In 2023, the company had a take rate (revenue as a percentage of gross bookings) of 28.7% for mobility services and 18.3% for food delivery. History In 2009, Garrett Camp, a co-founder of StumbleUpon, came up with the idea to create Uber to make it easier and cheaper to procure direct transportation. Camp and Travis Kalanick had spent $800 hiring a private driver on New Year's Eve, which they deemed excessive, and ...
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