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Sapphic Circle Of Madrid
The Sapphic Circle of Madrid () was a network of intellectual lesbian women created by Victorina Durán that played an important social and cultural role for this minority in Madrid in the 1920s. History The founding of the group may have been inspired by similar ones that already existed in London and Paris, and came from the city's feminist circles, specifically the Residencia de Señoritas and the Lyceum Club Femenino. Although the word "lesbian" It was already present in the Spanish language in 1870 and was used interchangeably with "sapphic", it was not a word that lesbians of the time could safely use in Madrid to describe themselves. The clandestine nature of the meetings and the group allowed its members to enjoy a safe space to meet and have discussions, and to explore their feelings and inclinations. They did not have a fixed location so as not to be easy to be located, but starting in 1935 they began to meet at Gabriela Mistral's house. The Sapphic Circle came to an end ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madrid
Madrid ( ; ) is the capital and List of largest cities in Spain, most populous municipality of Spain. It has almost 3.5 million inhabitants and a Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area population of approximately 7 million. It is the Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits, second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and its wikt:monocentric, monocentric Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area is the List of metropolitan areas in Europe by population, second-largest in the EU.United Nations Department of Economic and Social AffairWorld Urbanization Prospects (2007 revision), (United Nations, 2008), Table A.12. Data for 2007. The municipality covers geographical area. Madrid lies on the Manzanares (river), River Manzanares in the central part of the Iberian Peninsula at about above mean sea level. The capital city of both Spain and the surrounding Community of Madrid, autonomous community of Madrid (since 1983), it is also th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Victorina Durán
Victorina Durán Cebrián (11 December 1899 – 10 December 1993) was a Spanish set and costume designer, chair of costumes and scenography at the National Conservatory, and avant-garde artist associated with the surrealist movement of the 1920s and 30s. After going into exile in Argentina, she became director of the Teatro Colón in Buenos Aires. Biography Born into a bourgeois, traditionalist, and cultured family – owners of the Teatro Real's number 1 season ticket – Victorina Durán was the daughter of a dancer of that theater and a career soldier. When her desire to be an actress was rejected by the family, she consoled herself with studying drawing and painting. That led her to meet and interact with characters such as Salvador Dalí, Remedios Varo, Maruja Mallo, and Rosa Chacel. After completing her studies at the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando in Madrid from 1917 to 1926, in 1929 she won the Chair of Costumes and Scenographic Art, becoming the first wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish Language
Spanish () or Castilian () is a Romance languages, Romance language of the Indo-European languages, Indo-European language family that evolved from the Vulgar Latin spoken on the Iberian Peninsula of Europe. Today, it is a world language, global language with 483 million native speakers, mainly in the Americas and Spain, and about 558 million speakers total, including second-language speakers. Spanish is the official language of List of countries where Spanish is an official language, 20 countries, as well as one of the Official languages of the United Nations, six official languages of the United Nations. Spanish is the world's list of languages by number of native speakers, second-most spoken native language after Mandarin Chinese; the world's list of languages by total number of speakers, fourth-most spoken language overall after English language, English, Mandarin Chinese, and Hindustani language, Hindustani (Hindi-Urdu); and the world's most widely spoken Romance language ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gabriela Mistral
Lucila Godoy Alcayaga (; 7 April 1889 – 10 January 1957), known by her pseudonym Gabriela Mistral (), was a Chilean poet-diplomat, educator, and Catholic. She was a member of the Secular Franciscan Order or Third Franciscan order. She was the first Latin American author to receive a Nobel Prize in Literature in 1945, "for her lyric poetry which, inspired by powerful emotions, has made her name a symbol of the idealistic aspirations of the entire Latin American world". Some central themes in her poems are nature, betrayal, love, a mother's love, sorrow and recovery, travel, and Latin American identity as formed from a mixture of Native American and European influences. Her image is featured on the 5,000 Chilean peso banknote. Early life Mistral was born in Vicuña, Chile, but grew up in Montegrande, an Andean village where she attended a primary school taught by her older sister, Emelina Molina. Despite the financial problems caused by Emelina later on, Mistral held gre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish Civil War
The Spanish Civil War () was a military conflict fought from 1936 to 1939 between the Republican faction (Spanish Civil War), Republicans and the Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War), Nationalists. Republicans were loyal to the Left-wing politics, left-leaning Popular Front (Spain), Popular Front government of the Second Spanish Republic. The opposing Nationalists were an alliance of Falangism, Falangists, monarchists, conservatives, and Traditionalism (Spain), traditionalists led by a National Defense Junta, military junta among whom General Francisco Franco quickly achieved a preponderant role. Due to the international Interwar period#Great Depression, political climate at the time, the war was variously viewed as class struggle, a War of religion, religious struggle, or a struggle between dictatorship and Republicanism, republican democracy, between revolution and counterrevolution, or between fascism and communism. The Nationalists won the war, which ended in early 1939, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elena Fortún
María de la Encarnación Gertrudis Jacoba Aragoneses y de Urquijo (18 November 1886 in Madrid – 8 May 1952 in Madrid) was a Spanish author of children's literature who wrote under the pen name Elena Fortún. She became famous for '' Celia, lo que dice'' (''"What Celia Says"'') the first in the series of children's novels which were a collection of short stories first published in magazines in 1929. The series were both popular and successful during the time of their publications and are today considered classics of Spanish literature. Life She was the daughter of Leocadio Aragoneses, a yeoman of the Spanish Royal Guard from Segovia and her mother was Basque. Born in Madrid she spent her summers with her grandfather, Isidro, in Abades, a small village west of Segovia. She studied Philosophy in Madrid. In 1908 she married her cousin, Eusebio de Gorbea y Lemmi, a military man, intellectual and writer. They had two sons, the youngest, Bolín, died in 1920 at the age of 10 and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rosa Chacel
Rosa Clotilde Chacel Arimón (June 3, 1898 – July 27, 1994) was a famous and sometimes controversial writer from Spain. She was a native of Valladolid. Early life Chacel was born in Valladolid, the daughter of a teacher who sent her to live with her grandmother in Madrid. Chacel's move to Madrid occurred in 1908. Because of her weak health, she was home-schooled by her mother. By 1909, Chacel's mother enlisted her at Madrid's ''Escuela de artes y oficios'' to study drawing, but, soon after, Chacel followed her teacher, Fernanda Francés, to the newly built ''Escuela del hogar y Profesional de la Mujer'', also in Madrid. It was while in the latter school that Chacel began to take some feminist views. In 1915, Chacel, intrigued by the world of sculpture, enrolled at the Escuela Superior de Bellas Artes de San Fernando, but she soon lost interest in the aforementioned topic and abandoned the school by 1918. Chacel then went on to become a regular at the Cafe Granja del Hen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires, controlled by the government of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Argentina. It is located on the southwest of the Río de la Plata. Buenos Aires is classified as an Alpha− global city, according to the Globalization and World Cities Research Network, GaWC 2024 ranking. The city proper has a population of 3.1 million and its urban area 16.7 million, making it the List of metropolitan areas, twentieth largest metropolitan area in the world. It is known for its preserved eclecticism, eclectic European #Architecture, architecture and rich culture, cultural life. It is a multiculturalism, multicultural city that is home to multiple ethnic and religious groups, contributing to its culture as well as to the dialect spoken in the city and in some other parts of the country. This is because since the 19th century, the city, and the country in general, has been a major recipient of millions of Immigration to Argentina, im ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matilde Ras
Matilde Ras Fernández (Tarragona, 1 September 1881–Madrid, 15 April 1969) was one of the pioneers in scientific graphology in Spain. She was a great connoisseur of the classics and a specialist in the analysis of ''Don Quixote'', as well as a translator, columnist, essayist, novelist, playwright, and screenwriter. Biography Matilde Ras was born in Tarragona in 1881 into a family that was part of the intellectual circles of the time. Her father, Antonio Ras, was an architect. Her mother, Matilde Fernández Casanova (born ca. 1860–died 1931), studied teaching in France and, upon her return to Spain, worked as a journalist for several newspapers. Her only brother, Aurelio, was a year younger than her. When Matilde was two years old, the family moved to Cuba, leaving the brother in Spain with a nursemaid. After her father's death in Cuba, Matilde and her mother returned to Spain, where they settled in Tarragona, Barcelona, Zaragoza, and Soria, and finally in Madrid, where Mati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lisbon
Lisbon ( ; ) is the capital and largest city of Portugal, with an estimated population of 567,131, as of 2023, within its administrative limits and 3,028,000 within the Lisbon Metropolitan Area, metropolis, as of 2025. Lisbon is mainland Europe's westernmost capital city (second overall after Reykjavík, Reykjavik), and the only one along the Atlantic coast, the others (Reykjavik and Dublin) being on islands. The city lies in the western portion of the Iberian Peninsula, on the northern shore of the River Tagus. The western portion of its metro area, the Portuguese Riviera, hosts the westernmost point of Continental Europe, culminating at Cabo da Roca. Lisbon is one of the List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest cities in the world and the second-oldest European capital city (after Athens), predating other modern European capitals by centuries. Settled by pre-Celtic tribes and later founded and civilized by the Phoenicians, Julius Caesar made it a municipium ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Victoria Kent
Victoria Kent Siano (March 6, 1897 – September 25, 1987) was a Spanish lawyer and republican politician. Biography Born in Málaga, Spain, Kent was affiliated to the Radical Socialist Republican Party and came to fame in 1930 for defending – at a court martial – Álvaro de Albornoz, who shortly afterward would go on to become minister of justice and later the future president of the Republican government in exile (1947 to 1949 and 1949 to 1951). She became a member of the first Parliament of the Second Spanish Republic in 1931. That same year, the President of the Republic, Niceto Alcalá-Zamora, appointed her Director General of Prisons, a post she held until 1934, and she actively continued the reforms in the prison service that had been started by Concepción Arenal. Kent was against giving women the right to vote immediately, arguing that, as Spanish women lacked at that moment enough social and political education to vote responsibly, they would be very much i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irene Polo
Irene Polo Roig (27 November 1909 – 3 April 1942) was a Spanish journalist, publicist, theater representative, and translator. She was one of the first women journalists in the Catalan press. Polo, who favored labor rights, participated in the creation of "l'Agrupació Professional de Periodistes" (Association of Professional Journalists). Because of the Spanish Civil War, she lived the last three years of her life in exile in Buenos Aires, where she committed suicide at the age of 32. Early years and education Irene Polo Roig was born in Barcelona, 27 November 1909. Her father, Antonio Polo, a policeman, died young. Her mother was Francisca Roig. Like many other women of the time, Polo did not have easy access to education or university studies, and had to learn on her own. Career Before she made a career in journalism, she worked as head of publicity for the film production company Gaumont. Polo began her journalism career with the magazine ''Mirador'' in 1930, and worked pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
