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Samuel Niger
Shmuel Niger (also Samuel Niger, pen name of Samuel Charney, 1883-1955) was a Yiddish writer, literary critic and historian and was one of the leading figures of Yiddish cultural work and Yiddishism in pre-revolution Russia. Life Shmuel Niger was born Shmuel Ṭsharni on 15 June 1883 in Dukora, a small village in Minsk Governorate, to Zev Volf and Brokhe Tsharni (née Hurwitz). His father, a fervent Lubavitcher Hasid, died in 1889, leaving Shmuel’s mother a widow with five sons (he being the third) and a daughter.Leyb Vaserman, "Niger, Shmuel,” in ''Leksikon fun der nayer yidisher literatur'', vol. 6, cols. 190–210 (New York, 1965) Niger’s two younger brothers also achieved renown. Baruch Charney Vladeck (1886–1938) became a leading socialist agitator and theoretician, general manager of ''The Jewish Daily Forward'' and New York City alderman while Daniel Charney (1888–1959) was a celebrated Yiddish poet, writer and journalist. Niger was a child prodigy, studying ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pukhavichy Raion
Pukhavichy district or Puchavičy district (; ) is a districts of Belarus, district (raion) of Minsk region in Belarus. The administrative center of the district is the town of Maryina Horka. As of 2024, it has a population of 67,408. Geography ;Main settlements *Maryina Horka *Svislach, Pukhavichy District, Svislach *Rudzyensk *Prawdzinski *Shatsk, Belarus, Shatsk *Druzhny, Minsk Region, Druzhny *Pukhavichy, Minsk Region, Pukhavichy Notable residents * Michaś Čarot (1896, Rudzyensk - 1937), Belarusian poet, playwright, novelist, and a victim of Stalin's purges * Alexander Chervyakov, Aliaksandr Čarviakoŭ (1892, Dukorki village - 1937), Belarusian politician and publicist * Hienadz Kliauko, Hienadź Klaŭko (1931, Varoničy village – 1979), Belarusian poet and translator List of chairmen The following people held the post at various times. *Siarhei Turko (Сергей Андреевич Турко) *Fyodor Karalyenya (Федор Петрович Караленя) [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vilna
Vilnius ( , ) is the capital of and List of cities in Lithuania#Cities, largest city in Lithuania and the List of cities in the Baltic states by population, most-populous city in the Baltic states. The city's estimated January 2025 population was 607,667, and the Vilnius urban area (which extends beyond the city limits) has an estimated population of 747,864. Vilnius is notable for the architecture of its Vilnius Old Town, Old Town, considered one of Europe's largest and best-preserved old towns. The city was declared a World Heritage Site, UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1994. The architectural style known as Vilnian Baroque is named after the city, which is farthest to the east among Baroque architecture, Baroque cities and the largest such city north of the Alps. The city was noted for its #Demographics, multicultural population during the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, with contemporary sources comparing it to Babylon. Before World War II and The Holocaust in Lithuania, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
YIVO
YIVO (, , short for ) is an organization that preserves, studies, and teaches the cultural history of Jewish life throughout Eastern Europe, Germany, and Russia as well as orthography, lexicography, and other studies related to Yiddish. Established in 1925 in Wilno in the Second Polish Republic (now Vilnius, Lithuania) as the Yiddish Scientific Institute (, ; the word ''yidisher'' means both "Yiddish" and "Jewish"). Its English name became Institute for Jewish Research after its relocation to New York City, but it is still known mainly by its Yiddish acronym. YIVO is now a partner of the Center for Jewish History, and serves as the '' de facto'' recognized language regulator of the Yiddish language in the secular world. The YIVO system is commonly taught in universities and known as () and sometimes "YIVO Yiddish" (). Activities YIVO preserves manuscripts, rare books, and diaries, and other Yiddish sources. The YIVO Library in New York contains over 385,000 volumes datin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New York City
New York, often called New York City (NYC), is the most populous city in the United States, located at the southern tip of New York State on one of the world's largest natural harbors. The city comprises five boroughs, each coextensive with a respective county. The city is the geographical and demographic center of both the Northeast megalopolis and the New York metropolitan area, the largest metropolitan area in the United States by both population and urban area. New York is a global center of finance and commerce, culture, technology, entertainment and media, academics, and scientific output, the arts and fashion, and, as home to the headquarters of the United Nations, international diplomacy. With an estimated population in 2024 of 8,478,072 distributed over , the city is the most densely populated major city in the United States. New York City has more than double the population of Los Angeles, the nation's second-most populous city. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Der Tog
''Der Tog'' () was a Yiddish-language daily newspaper published in New York City from 1914 until 1971. The offices of ''Der Tog'' were located on the Lower East Side, at 185 and 187 East Broadway. History The newspaper's first issue was on November 5, 1914.A Checklist of Newspapers and Official Gazettes in the New York Public Library " ''Bulletin of the New York Public Library''. Vol. 19, Part 2 (1915): 563. At its peak ''Der Tog'' reached a circulation of 81,000, in 1916. It had a weekly English-language supplement entitled ''The Day'', edited by Marion Weinstein." In 1919 ''Der Tog'' absorbed another Yiddish newspaper, ''Di Varhayt'' (Warheit; Wahrheit; "The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zalman Reisen
Zalman Reisen (; 6 October 1887 – 1941), sometimes spelled Zalman Reyzen, was a lexicographer and literary historian of Yiddish literature. Early life Reisen was born in Koydenev (now known as Dzyarzhynsk) in Minsk Governorate (in present-day Belarus) in 1887 to parents interested in the Jewish Enlightenment, or Haskalah. His father wrote poems in Hebrew and Yiddish. His brother, Avrom Reyzen, was a noted Yiddish author and poet. His sister, Sarah Reisen, was also active in Yiddish culture, particularly the Yiddish Writers and Journalists Union of Vilna. He was educated at home, at several different cheders in the area, and attended a Russian state school in Minsk. In 1915, he moved to Vilna, where he would become an active part of the Yiddish intellectual scene as a writer and publisher. Work In 1914, Reisen began to work for the ''Fraind'' newspaper in Warsaw. From 1916 to 1918 he was an editor for the ''Letzte Naies'' in Vilna, and from 1919 he worked for the ''Wiln ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ber Borochov
Dov Ber Borochov (; – 17 December 1917) was a Marxist Zionist and one of the founders of the Labor Zionist movement. He was also a pioneer in the study of the Yiddish language. Biography Dov Ber Borochov was born in the town of Zolotonosha, Russian Empire (now in Ukraine), and grew up in nearby Poltava. His mother and father were both teachers. As an adult he joined the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party but was expelled when he formed a Zionist Socialist Workers Union in Yekaterinoslav. After being arrested by the Russian authorities, he left for the United States. Subsequently, he helped form the Poale Zion (Workers of Zion) party and devoted his life to promoting the party in Russia, Europe, and America. When the Russian social democrats came to power, Borochov returned to Russia in March 1917 to lead the Poale Zion. He became ill and died in Kiev of pneumonia in December 1917. Ideology Borochov became highly influential in the Zionist movement because ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avrom Reyzen
Avrom Reyzen (Yiddish: אַבֿרהם רייזען; April 8, 1876 – April 2, 1953), known as Abraham Reisen, was a Belorussian Jewish-American writer, poet and editor. He was the elder brother of the Yiddishist Zalman Reisen. Reyzen was born in Koidanov ( Minsk Governorate, eastern Belarus). Supported by Yaknehoz (pseudonym of Yeshaye Nisn Hakoyen Goldberg), while in his early teens Reyzen sent articles to ''Dos Yudishes folks-blat'' in Saint Petersburg. He corresponded with Jacob Dinezon and I. L. Peretz. In 1891, they published Reyzen's poem ''Ven dos lebn is farbitert'' ("When Life Is Embittered") in their ''Di yudishe bibliotek'' (''The Yiddish Library''). His first story, ''A kapore der noz abi a goldener zeyger mit 300 rubl nadn'' ("Damn the Nose, As Long As There Is a Dowry of a Watch and 300 Rubles") was published in Vilna in 1892. In 1895, he joined the Russian Imperial army, serving in a musicians' unit until 1899. In addition to writing for the Zionist ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Der Nister
Der Nister (, "the Hidden One"; 1 November 1884 – 4 June 1950 in the Abez camp of Gulag) was the pseudonym of Pinchus Kahanovich (), a Yiddish author, philosopher, translator, and critic. Early years Kahanovich was born in Berdychiv, Ukraine, the third in a family of four children with ties to the Korshev sect of Hasidic Judaism. His father was Menakhem Mendl Kahanovich, a smoked-fish merchant at Astrakhan on the Volga River; his mother's name was Leah. He received a traditional religious education, but was drawn through his reading to secular and Enlightenment ideas, as well as to Zionism. In 1904 he left Berdychiv hoping to evade the military draft, and this was probably the time when he started using the pseudonym. He moved to Zhytomyr, near Kiev, where he earned a modest living as a teacher of Hebrew at an orphanage for Jewish boys. At that time he also wrote his first book, in Yiddish, ''Gedankn un motivn - lider in proze'' ("Ideas and Motifs - Prose Poems"), published ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hersh Dovid Nomberg
Hersh Dovid Nomberg (), also written Hersh David Nomberg (14 April 1876 – 21 November 1927), was a Polish-Jewish writer, journalist, and essayist in the Yiddish language. Biography Born in the Polish town of Mszczonów, near Warsaw, he grew up in a Hasidic background, before moving to Warsaw to pursue a career as a writer. Under the influence of his mentor I. L. Peretz he began writing in Yiddish as well as Hebrew.Weiser, Kalman (8 September 2010).Nomberg, Herssh Dovid. ''YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe''. Retrieved 20 August 2017. He played an important role in the Czernowitz Conference in 1908. He helped Leib Malach start his writing career in 1915. Nomberg also had a brief career as a politician, serving as a delegate in the Sejm for the Folkspartei The Folkspartei () was founded after the 1905 pogroms in the Russian Empire by Simon Dubnow and Israel Efrojkin. The party took part in several elections in Poland and Lithuania in the 1920s and 1930s and did not su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peretz Hirshbein
Peretz Hirshbein (); 7 November 1880, Kleszczele, Grodno Governorate – 16 August 1948, Los Angeles) was a Yiddish-language playwright, novelist, journalist, travel writer, and theater director. Because his work focused more on mood than plot, he became known as "the Yiddish Maeterlinck". His work as a playwright and through his own short-lived but influential troupe, laid much of the groundwork for the second golden age of Yiddish theater that began shortly after the end of World War I. The dialogue of his plays is consistently vivid, terse, and naturalistic. Unusually for a Yiddish playwright, most of his works have pastoral settings: he had grown up the son of a miller, and made several attempts at farming. Biography He was born in Kleszczele in Grodno Governorate (present-day Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland) where he was educated initially by local tutors, before he eventually made his way to Grodno and then Vilna, where he joined a circle of yeshiva students who studi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dovid Einhorn
David is a common masculine given name of Hebrew origin. Its popularity derives from the initial oral tradition (Oral Torah) and recorded use related to King David, a central figure in the Hebrew Bible, or Tanakh, and foundational to Judaism, and subsequently significant in the religious traditions of Christianity and Islam. Etymology David () means , derived from the root (), which originally meant , but survives in Biblical Hebrew only in the figurative usage ; specifically, it is a term for an uncle or figuratively, a lover/beloved (it is used in this way in the Song of Songs: , ). In Christian tradition, the name was adopted as , Greek , Latin or . The Quranic spelling is or . David was adopted as a Christian name from an early period, e.g. David of Wales (6th century), David Saharuni (7th century), David I of Iberia (9th century). Name days are celebrated on 8 February (for David IV of Georgia), 1 March (for St. David of Wales) and 29 December (for King David), as we ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
