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Salutogenesis
Salutogenesis is the study of the origins (''genesis'') of health (''salus'') and focuses on factors that support human health and well-being, rather than on factors that cause disease (pathogenesis). More specifically, the "salutogenic model" was originally concerned with the relationship between health, stress (physiology), stress, and Coping (psychology), coping through a study of Holocaust survivors. Despite going through the dramatic tragedy of the Holocaust, some survivors were able to thrive later in life. The discovery that there must be powerful health causing factors led to the development of salutogenesis. The term was coined by Aaron AntonovskyAntonovsky, A. "Health, Stress and Coping" San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers, 1979Antonovsky, A. "Unraveling the Mystery of Health: How People Manage Stress and Stay Well" San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers, 1987 (1923–1994), a professor of medical sociology. The salutogenic question posed by Aaron Antonovsky is, "What m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Claude-Hélène Mayer
Claude-Hélène Mayer is a German psychologist and professor in Industrial and organizational psychology, Industrial and Organisational Psychology at the Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, University of Johannesburg, South Africa. As a transdisciplinary researcher, she contributed to the research areas of intercultural conflict management and mediation, salutogenesis in the workplace, women in leadership, positive psychology and emotions, the Fourth Industrial Revolution and psychobiography. Early life and education Claude-Hélène Mayer was born in Göttingen, Germany. She completed her M.A. and Dr disc.pol. in Cultural Anthropology, Intercultural Didactics and Socio-Economics of Rural Development at the Georg-August University, Georg-August-University. She furthered her qualifications at different institutions, with a MSc in psychology from Northumbria University in Newcastle, UK and a MSc in Crime science, Crime Sciences, Investigation and Intelligenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aaron Antonovsky
Aaron Antonovsky (; 19 December 1923 – 7 July 1994) was an Israeli American sociologist and academic whose work concerned the relationship between stress, health and well-being ( salutogenesis). Biography Antonovsky was born in the United States in 1923. After completing his PhD at Yale University, he emigrated to Israel in 1960. For a time he held positions in Jerusalem at the Israeli Institute for Applied Social Research and in the Department of Medical Sociology at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. During this period his early work emphasized social class differences in morbidity and mortality. In 1972, he helped establish the medical school at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, and held the Kunin-Lunenfeld Chair in Medical Sociology. During his twenty years in that department, Antonovsky developed his theory of health and illness, which he termed salutogenesis. This model was described in his 1979 book, ''Health, Stress and Coping'', followed by his 1987 work, ''U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Health
Health has a variety of definitions, which have been used for different purposes over time. In general, it refers to physical and emotional well-being, especially that associated with normal functioning of the human body, absent of disease, pain (including mental pain), or injury. Health can be promoted by encouraging healthful activities, such as regular physical exercise and adequate sleep, and by reducing or avoiding unhealthful activities or situations, such as smoking or excessive stress. Some factors affecting health are due to individual choices, such as whether to engage in a high-risk behavior, while others are due to structural causes, such as whether the society is arranged in a way that makes it easier or harder for people to get necessary healthcare services. Still, other factors are beyond both individual and group choices, such as genetic disorders. History The meaning of health has evolved over time. In keeping with the biomedical perspective, earl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SMH For Wiki Page Page-0001
SMH may refer to: Education * Saint Mary's Hall (San Antonio), a school in Texas, US * Stonyhurst Saint Mary's Hall, a school in Lancashire, England Hospitals * Sarasota Memorial Hospital, Florida, US * Strong Memorial Hospital, Rochester, New York, US * Surrey Memorial Hospital, British Columbia, Canada Media * ''The Sydney Morning Herald'', an Australian newspaper Other * Samei language of Yunnan, China, ISO 639 code * " Smacking my head" or " Shaking my head" in SMS language Short Message Service (SMS) language or textese is the abbreviated language and slang commonly used in the late 1990s and early 2000s with mobile phone text messaging, and occasionally through Internet-based communication such as email and ins ... * Stamford Hill railway station in London, England, National Rail station code See also * SMHS (other) {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Health Psychology
Health psychology is the study of psychological and behavioral processes in health, illness, and healthcare. The discipline is concerned with understanding how psychological, behavioral, and cultural factors contribute to physical health and illness. Psychological factors can affect health directly. For example, chronically occurring environmental stressors affecting the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, cumulatively, can harm health. Behavioral factors can also affect a person's health. For example, certain behaviors can, over time, harm (smoking or consuming excessive amounts of alcohol) or enhance (engaging in exercise) health. Health psychologists take a biopsychosocial approach. In other words, health psychologists understand health to be the product not only of biological processes (e.g., a virus, tumor, etc.) but also of psychological (e.g., thoughts and beliefs), behavioral (e.g., habits), and social processes (e.g., socioeconomic status and ethnicity). By under ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Positive Psychology
Positive psychology is the scientific study of conditions and processes that contribute to positive psychological states (e.g., contentment, joy), well-being, Positive psychology of relationships, positive relationships, and positive institutions. Positive psychology began as a new domain of psychology in 1998 when Martin Seligman chose it as the theme for his term as president of the American Psychological Association. It is a reaction against past practices that tended to focus on mental illness and emphasized maladaptive behavior and negative thinking. It builds on the Humanistic psychology, humanistic movement of Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers, which encourages an emphasis on happiness, well-being, and Meaningful life, purpose. Positive psychology largely relies on concepts from the Western philosophy, Western philosophical tradition, such as the Aristotle, Aristotelian concept of , which is typically rendered in English with the terms "flourishing", "the good life," or "h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medical Sociology
Medical sociology is the sociological analysis of health, Illness, differential access to medical resources, the social organization of medicine, Health Care Delivery, the production of medical knowledge, selection of methods, the study of actions and interactions of healthcare professionals, and the social or cultural (rather than clinical or bodily) effects of medical practice. The field commonly interacts with the sociology of knowledge, science and technology studies, and social epistemology. Medical sociologists are also interested in the qualitative experiences of patients, doctors, and medical education; often working at the boundaries of public health, social work, demography and gerontology to explore phenomena at the intersection of the social and clinical sciences. Health disparities commonly relate to typical categories such as class, race, ethnicity, immigration, gender, sexuality, and age. Objective sociological research findings quickly become a normative and pol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Group (other)
A group is a number of persons or things that are located, gathered, or classed together. Groups of people * Cultural group, a group whose members share the same cultural identity * Ethnic group, a group whose members share the same ethnic identity * Religious group (other), a group whose members share the same religious identity * Social group, a group whose members share the same social identity * Tribal group, a group whose members share the same tribal identity * Organization, an entity that has a collective goal and is linked to an external environment * Peer group, an entity of three or more people with similar age, ability, experience, and interest * Class (education), a group of people which attends a specific course or lesson at an educational institution Social science * In-group and out-group * Primary, secondary, and reference groups * Social group * Collectives Philosophy and religion * Khandha, a Buddhist concept of five material and mental facto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social Collectivity
Social organisms, including human(s), live collectively in interacting populations. This interaction is considered social whether they are aware of it or not, and whether the exchange is voluntary or not. Etymology The word "social" derives from the Latin word ''socii'' ("allies"). It is particularly derived from the Italian '' Socii'' states, historical allies of the Roman Republic (although they rebelled against Rome in the Social War of 91–87 BC). Social theorists In the view of Karl Marx,Morrison, Ken. ''Marx, Durkheim, Weber. Formations of modern social thought'' human beings are intrinsically, necessarily and by definition social beings who, beyond being "gregarious creatures", cannot survive and meet their needs other than through social co-operation and association. Their social characteristics are therefore to a large extent an objectively given fact, stamped on them from birth and affirmed by socialization processes; and, according to Marx, in producing and reprod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Semantic Differential
The semantic differential (SD) is a measurement scale designed to measure a person's subjective perception of, and affective reactions to, the properties of concepts, objects, and events by making use of a set of bipolar scales. The SD is used to assess one's opinions, attitudes, and values regarding these concepts, objects, and events in a controlled and valid way. Respondents are asked to choose where their position lies, on a set of scales with polar adjectives (for example: "sweet - bitter", "fair - unfair", "warm - cold"). Compared to other measurement scaling techniques such as Likert scaling, the SD can be assumed to be relatively reliable, valid, and robust. The SD has been used in both a general and a more specific way. Charles E. Osgood's theory of the semantic differential exemplifies the more general attempt to measure the semantics, or meaning, of words, particularly adjectives, and their referent concepts. In fields such as marketing, psychology, sociology, and in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Facet Theory
Facet theory is a metatheory for the multivariate behavioral sciences that posits that Scientific theory, scientific theories and measurements can be advanced by discovering relationships between ''conceptual classifications'' of research variables and ''empirical partitions'' of data-representation spaces. For this purpose, facet theory proposes procedures for (1) Constructing or selecting variables for observation, using the ''mapping sentence'' technique (a formal definitional framework for a system of observations), and (2) Analyzing multivariate data, using data representation spaces, notably those depicting similarity measures (e.g., Correlation and dependence, correlations), or partially ordered sets, derived from the data. Facet theory is characterized by its direct concern with the entire content-universe under study, containing many, possibly infinitely many, variables. Observed variables are regarded just as a sample of statistical units from the multitude of variables tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Generalized Resistance Resources
A generalization is a form of abstraction whereby common properties of specific instances are formulated as general concepts or claims. Generalizations posit the existence of a domain or set of elements, as well as one or more common characteristics shared by those elements (thus creating a conceptual model). As such, they are the essential basis of all valid deductive inferences (particularly in logic, mathematics and science), where the process of verification is necessary to determine whether a generalization holds true for any given situation. Generalization can also be used to refer to the process of identifying the parts of a whole, as belonging to the whole. The parts, which might be unrelated when left on their own, may be brought together as a group, hence belonging to the whole by establishing a common relation between them. However, the parts cannot be generalized into a whole—until a common relation is established among ''all'' parts. This does not mean that the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
