|
Salur Tribe
Salur, Salyr or Salgur (, , ) was an ancient Oghuz Turks, Oghuz Turkic peoples, Turkic (or Turkoman (ethnonym), Turkoman) tribe and a sub-branch of the ''Üçok'' tribal federation. The Middle Ages, medieval Karamanids, Karamanid principality in Anatolia belonged to the Karaman branch of the Salur. The Salghurids of Fars (Atabegs of Fars), were also a dynasty of Salur origin. The patriarchs of the modern Turkmens, Turkmen tribe of the Salyr in Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Iraq, and Iran, as well as the Salar people, Salars of China, claim descent from the original Oghuz Salur. Etymology Historian and statesman of the Ilkhanate, Rashid al-Din Hamadani, in his literary work ''Oghuzname'', which is part of his extensive history book Jami' al-tawarikh (Compendium of Chronicles), writes that the name ''Salyr'' means “''wherever you go, you fight with a sword and a club''”. The khan of the Khanate of Khiva and simultaneously a historian, Abu al-Ghazi Bahadur, in his ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tamga
A tamga or tamgha (from ) was an abstract seal or brand used by Eurasian nomads initially as a livestock branding, and by cultures influenced by them. The tamga was used as a livestock branding for a particular tribe, clan or family. They were common among the Eurasian nomads throughout Classical Antiquity and the Middle Ages. As clan and family identifiers, the collection and systematic comparison of tamgas is regarded to provide insights into relations between families, individuals and ethnic groups in the steppe territory. Similar tamga-like symbols were sometimes adopted by sedentary peoples adjacent to the Pontic–Caspian steppe both in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Branding of livestock was a common practice across most sedentary populations, as far back as the ancient Egyptians. It has been speculated that Turkic tamgas represent one of the sources of the Old Turkic script of the 6th–10th centuries, but since the mid-20th century, this hypothesis is widely reject ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Afghanistan
Afghanistan, officially the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central Asia and South Asia. It is bordered by Pakistan to the Durand Line, east and south, Iran to the Afghanistan–Iran border, west, Turkmenistan to the Afghanistan–Turkmenistan border, northwest, Uzbekistan to the Afghanistan–Uzbekistan border, north, Tajikistan to the Afghanistan–Tajikistan border, northeast, and China to the Afghanistan–China border, northeast and east. Occupying of land, the country is predominantly mountainous with plains Afghan Turkestan, in the north and Sistan Basin, the southwest, which are separated by the Hindu Kush mountain range. Kabul is the country's capital and largest city. Demographics of Afghanistan, Afghanistan's population is estimated to be between 36 and 50 million. Ancient history of Afghanistan, Human habitation in Afghanistan dates to the Middle Paleolithic era. Popularly referred to as the graveyard of empire ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oghuz Yabgu State
The Oghuz Yabgu State or Oghuz il (Old Turkic: Oghuz Land) was a Turkic state, founded by Oghuz Turks in 750, located geographically in an area between the coasts of the Caspian and Aral Seas. Oghuz tribes occupied a vast territory in Kazakhstan along the Irgiz, Yaik, Emba, and Uil rivers, the Aral Sea area, the Syr Darya valley, the foothills of the Karatau Mountains in Tien-Shan, and the Chui River valley (see map). The Oghuz political association developed in the 9th and 10th centuries in the basin of the middle and lower course of the Syr Darya and adjoining the modern western Kazakhstan steppes. Etymology The etymology of the name " Oghuz" is unclear. It was discussed many times in historical and philological literature. The term probably means "tribes", or the "tribal union", and then could turn into a collective ethnic name. By the 10th century, Islamic sources were calling them Muslim Turkmens, as opposed to those of Tengrist or Buddhist religion; and by the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salar Tamga , a title for the commander-in-chief of medieval Islamic armies
{{disambiguation ...
Salar may refer to: People *Salar people, a Turkic ethnic minority in China **Salar language * Salar (name), including a list of people with the name * Sayf al-Din Salar (c. 1260s–1310), viceroy of the Mamluk sultan al-Nasir Muhammad Places * Salar, Spain * Salar, Murshidabad, India ** Salar railway station * Salar, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey * Salar, Uzbekistan *Kampong Salar, Mukim Mentiri, Brunei Other uses *Salar, the Iranian brand name of Solero (ice cream) See also * * * Sardar (other) *'' Salaar: Part 1 – Ceasefire'', 2023 Indian film * Salares, a town in Málaga, Andalusia, Spain *Ispahsalar () or (; ), in Arabic rendered as () or (), was a title used in much of the Islamic world during the 10th–15th centuries, to denote the senior-most military commanders, but also as a generic general officer rank. Islamic East and Persia Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qiniq (tribe)
The Qiniq (; ; ; , also spelled Qïnïq, Qynyk or Qynyq) were an Oghuz Turkic ("Turkmen") tribe. Oghuz tribes Oghuz Turks were a branch of Turkic peoples. In the early Medieval Ages, most of them were nomads and their political structure was tribal. There were 22 or 24 Oghuz tribes. The tribes were listed in a number of medieval books with Islamic sources calling Muslim Oghuzes as Turkmen by the 10th century. They were also mentioned in Oghuz legend. According to the myth, there were 24 tribes in two main groups. Each group was represented by three brothers and each brother was supposed to have four sons. In this classification Qiniq tribe is the descendant of Deniz Khan who in turn was in the group of Üçok. Etymology According to Islam Encyclopaedia, Kınık means "Great everywhere". In the 11th-century compendium of Turkic languages Dīwānu l-Luġat al-Turk, produced by Mahmud of Kashgar, the Qiniq tribe is listed first. However, in the list arranged by Rashid-al-Din Ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter Benjamin Golden
Peter Benjamin Golden (born 1941) is an American professor emeritus of History, Turkish and Middle Eastern Studies at Rutgers University. He has written many books and articles on Turkic peoples, Turkic and Central Asian studies, such as ''An introduction to the history of the Turkic peoples''. Golden grew up in New York and attended High School of Music & Art, Music & Art High School. He graduated from City University of New York, CUNY Queens College, City University of New York, Queens College in 1963, before obtaining his Master of Arts, M.A. and Doctor of Philosophy, Ph.D. in History from Columbia University in 1968 and 1970, respectively. Golden also studied at the School of Language and History – Geography, Dil ve Tarih – Coğrafya Fakültesi (School of Language and History – Geography) in Ankara from 1967 to 1968. He taught at Rutgers University from 1969 until his retirement in 2012. He was Director of the Middle Eastern Studies Program at Rutgers from 2008 to 2011. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shajara-i Tarākima
''Shajara-i Tarākima'' () is a Chagatai language, Chagatai-language historical work completed in 1659 by Khan of Khiva and historian Abu al-Ghazi Bahadur. ''Shajara-i Tarākima'' is one of the two works composed by Abu al-Ghazi Bahadur that have great importance in learning Central Asian history, the other being the ''Shajara-i Turk'' (Genealogy of the Turks), which was completed by his son, Abu al-Muzaffar Anusha Muhammad Bahadur, in 1665. ''Shajara-i Tarākima'' describes the history of Turkmens since ancient times, the birth and life of the legendary ancient ancestor of all Turkmens and the progenitor hero of all Turkic peoples - Oghuz Khagan, his campaigns to conquer various countries and regions of Eurasia, as well as the rule of the Oghuz Turks, Oghuz Turkmen khans in the Middle Ages. ''Shajara-i Tarākima'' is a significant literary work, as it describes numerous Turkmen folk legends, tales, etymologies of ethnonyms, proverbs and sayings. According to Abu al-Ghazi, the '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu Al-Ghazi Bahadur
Abu al-Ghazi Bahadur ( Chagatai and , Abulgazi, Ebulgazi, Abu-l-Ghazi, August 24, 1603 – 1663) was the Khan of Khiva from 1643 to 1663. He was a member of the Uzbek Shaybanid dynasty. He spent ten years in Persia before becoming khan, and was very well educated, writing two historical works in the Khiva dialect of the Chagatai language. He was a descendant of Genghis Khan through Arab Shah. Life Abulghazi was born in Urgench, Khanate of Khiva, the second son of the ruler, 'Arab Muhammad Khan. Since he was born 40 days after his father defeated a raid by Ural Cossacks, he was named "Abul- Ghazi" (''father of Warrior''). He lived in Urgench for 16 years until he was appointed as governor of Kat by his father. Towards the end of his father's reign, a civil war broke out against him led by his brothers, Habash-sultan and Ilbars-sultan. Abulghazi had to flee to Samarqand and take refuge at the court of Imam Quli Khan of Bukhara where he lived for two years. His younger brother A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khanate Of Khiva
The Khanate of Khiva (, , uz-Latn-Cyrl, Xiva xonligi, Хива хонлиги, , ) was a Central Asian polity that existed in the historical region of Khwarazm, Khorezm from 1511 to 1920, except for a period of Afsharid Iran, Afsharid occupation by Nader Shah between 1740 and 1746. Centred in the irrigated plains of the lower Amu Darya, south of the Aral Sea, with the capital in the city of Khiva. It covered present-day western Uzbekistan, southwestern Kazakhstan and much of Turkmenistan before the Russian conquest of Central Asia, Russian conquest at the second half of the 19th century. In 1873, the Khanate of Khiva was greatly reduced in size and became a Russian Empire, Russian protectorate. The other regional protectorate that lasted until the Revolution was the Emirate of Bukhara. Following the October Revolution, Russian Revolution of 1917, Khiva had Khivan Revolution, a revolution too, and in 1920 the Khanate was replaced by the Khorezm People's Soviet Republic. In 1924 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jami' Al-tawarikh
''Jāmiʿ al-Tawārīkh'' () is a work of literature and history, produced in the Mongol Ilkhanate. Written by Rashid al-Din Hamadani (1247–1318 AD) at the start of the 14th century, the breadth of coverage of the work has caused it to be called "the first world history". It was in three volumes and published in Arabic and Persian versions. The surviving portions total approximately 400 pages of the original work. The work describes cultures and major events in world history from China to Europe; in addition, it covers Mongol history, as a way of establishing their cultural legacy. The lavish illustrations and calligraphy required the efforts of hundreds of scribes and artists, with the intent that two new copies (one in Persian, and one in Arabic) would be created each year and distributed to schools and cities around the Ilkhanate, in the Middle East, Central Asia, Anatolia, and the Indian subcontinent. Approximately 20 illustrated copies were made of the work during Rashid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oghuzname
Oghuznameh (Ottoman Turkish and , also romanized as ''Oghuz-nameh'', ''Oghuz Nāmeh'', ''Oghuzname''), is a generic term that is applied to the oral and written legendary accounts of Oghuz Khagan and Oghuz Turks. According to the TDV Encyclopedia of Islam the number of Oghuznamehs may be as high as 30. The Book of Dede Korkut, Selçukname and Shajara-i Tarākima are among the well-known Oghuznamehs. Oghuznamehs were also historically performed by travelling story-tellers, or oral repositories (in ). Jāmiʿ al-Tawārīkh One of the most important Oghuznamehs is ''Jāmiʿ al-Tawārīkh'' by Rashid-al-Din Hamadani. According to Ümit Hassan the legends can be classified under five sections:Ümit Hssan. ''Türkiye tarihi cilt 1''. p. 332. . *Oghuz Khagan Oghuz Khagan or Oghuz Khan (; ; ) is a legendary khan of the Turkic people and an eponymous ancestor of Oghuz Turks. Some Turkic cultures use the legend of Oghuz Khan to describe their ethnic and tribal origins. The various ver ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rashid Al-Din Hamadani
Rashīd al-Dīn Ṭabīb (; 1247–1318; also known as Rashīd al-Dīn Faḍlullāh Hamadānī, ) was a statesman, historian, and physician in Ilkhanate Iran."Rashid ad-Din" ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. 2007. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Accessed 11 April 2007. Having converted to from by the age of 30 in 1277, Rashid al-Din became the powerful of Ilkhan Ghazan. He was commissioned by Ghazan to write the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
