|
Saffron Green Transmitting Station
Saffron Green transmitting station was a facility for medium wave broadcasting near Saffron Green Meadows in Hertfordshire, 19km north-west of London. It was built by the Independent Broadcasting Authority in March 1975 to transmit two Independent Local Radio stations - Capital Radio and LBC. An earlier medium wave transmitting station is Brookmans Park, also in Hertfordshire and built by the BBC in the 1920s. The last station broadcasting from this site stopped in October 2024 and the future of the site is unknown. Until the 1970s the BBC had a monopoly on radio broadcasting in the UK, with the exception of pirate stations and Radio Luxembourg. This changed in 1972 with the Sound Broadcasting Act BFI researchers' guide - legislation Retrieved 4 January ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medium Wave
Medium wave (MW) is a part of the medium frequency (MF) radio band used mainly for AM radio broadcasting. The spectrum provides about 120 channels with more limited sound quality than FM stations on the FM broadcast band. During the daytime, reception is usually limited to more local stations, though this is dependent on the signal conditions and quality of radio receiver used. Improved signal propagation at night allows the reception of much longer distance signals (within a range of about 2,000 km or 1,200 miles). This can cause increased interference because on most channels multiple transmitters operate simultaneously worldwide. In addition, amplitude modulation (AM) is often more prone to interference by various electronic devices, especially power supplies and computers. Strong transmitters cover larger areas than on the FM broadcast band but require more energy and longer antennas. Digital modes are possible but had not yet reached momentum. MW was the main radio b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antenna Tuning Unit
An antenna tuner, a matchbox, transmatch, antenna tuning unit (ATU), antenna coupler, or feedline coupler is a device connected between a radio transmitter or receiver and its radio antenna, antenna to improve power transfer between them by Impedance matching, matching the Electrical impedance, impedance of the radio RF port (RF connector, coaxial or waveguide (radio frequency), waveguide) to the antenna's feedline. Antenna tuners are particularly important for use with transmitters. Transmitters feed power into a resistive load pull, load, very often 50 ohms, for which the transmitter is optimally designed for power output, efficiency, and low distortion. If the load seen by the transmitter departs from this design value due to improper tuning of the antenna/feedline combination the power output will change, distortion may occur and the transmitter may overheat. ATUs are a standard part of almost all radio transmitters; they may be a electric circuit, circuit included inside the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Infrastructure In London
The utility infrastructure of London, England comprises a range of services and facilities that support and enable the functioning of London as a world city. Infrastructure includes facilities associated with products and materials that are consumed such as electricity, gas, water, heating and liquid fuels; materials that are produced such as sewage and solid waste; and facilities that enable communication and connectivity – telecommunications. The historical background of the infrastructure provides the context of how these facilities are structured and currently operate. Electricity History Early electricity supplies in London were for public, commercial and domestic lighting. The generation and supply of electricity required authorisation from the Board of Trade. Such authorisation generally limited an electricity undertaking (a company, local authority or person) to a municipal authority area. The first sustainable long-term undertaking in London was the London Electrici ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transmitter Sites In England
In electronics and telecommunications, a radio transmitter or just transmitter (often abbreviated as XMTR or TX in technical documents) is an electronic device which produces radio waves with an antenna with the purpose of signal transmission to a radio receiver. The transmitter itself generates a radio frequency alternating current, which is applied to the antenna. When excited by this alternating current, the antenna radiates radio waves. Transmitters are necessary component parts of all electronic devices that communicate by radio, such as radio (audio) and television broadcasting stations, cell phones, walkie-talkies, wireless computer networks, Bluetooth enabled devices, garage door openers, two-way radios in aircraft, ships, spacecraft, radar sets and navigational beacons. The term ''transmitter'' is usually limited to equipment that generates radio waves for communication purposes; or radiolocation, such as radar and navigational transmitters. Generators of radio wav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Engineering Announcements
''Engineering Announcements for the Radio and Television Trade'', sometimes abbreviated to ''Engineering Announcements'', was a weekly television program of news and information intended for technicians and salespeople in the United Kingdom, produced and transmitted by the Independent Television Authority (and later the Independent Broadcasting Authority) from 23 November 1970 until 31 July 1990, coming off air five months before the IBA was disbanded. Engineering Announcements began because the ITA had been getting so many queries about delays to the launch of local relays. The ITA felt that the trade should be kept informed about when stations were to open and that the best way to do this was via a television programme and as time progressed, the broadcast expanded to cover technical advances in the industry, such as the launch of satellite television and NICAM stereo, along with details of new transmitters and the scheduling of transmitter downtime. ''Engineering Announcement ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gold (British Radio Network)
, area = United Kingdom , language = English , format = 1960s- 1980s pop/rock , owner = Global , former_names = Gold , sister_stations = , webcast Global Player, website Gold Gold Radio is a network of oldies radio stations in the United Kingdom, which was formed by the merger of the Capital Gold network and the Classic Gold network in August 2007. Most programming is broadcast from the Global Radio studios in Leicester Square, London. The station relaunched in March 2014 as a partly-automated service, broadcasting in fewer areas, after many of Gold's local AM/DAB frequencies were transferred to Smooth Radio. The station ceased broadcasting on AM in London on 29 September 2023 leaving Manchester as the only area receiving Gold on analogue radio. On 12 April 2024 the Gold website posted that the final AM transmitter would close at the end of the month. As of September 2024, the network broadcasts to a combined weekly audience of 1.8 million, according to RAJAR. His ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Capital Gold
The Capital Gold radio station started in London in 1988 on Capital Radio's AM frequency, after the Independent Broadcasting Authority had urged stations to end simulcasting (broadcasting the same programmes simultaneously on AM and FM) and threatened to remove one of their frequencies if simulcasting continued. The original DJs on the early incarnation of Capital Gold included Tony Blackburn, Kenny Everett and David Hamilton. The hiring of radio personalities to host networked shows continued to be a feature of the Capital Gold network as it grew. History As required by the forthcoming Broadcasting Act, in 1987 the IBA and the Home Office ruled that all ILR stations were to permanently split their AM and FM frequencies (instead of simulcasting the same service) in order to create new local radio stations and improve choice. In 1986 Capital Radio had experimented with split contemporary formats at weekends, but now responded by launching a "golden oldies" station on its AM f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LBC News
LBC News is a British digital radio station owned and operated by Global. The sister station of LBC, it broadcasts rolling news 24 hours a day nationwide on DAB and Global Player. The station used to broadcast on analogue radio in Greater London on 1152 AM until Wednesday 30 October 2024. History The 1152 AM frequency in London has a complicated history of format and ownership. Continuous news radio in London dates from the early 1990s. In September 1993, London News Radio was awarded the AM and FM licences previously held by LBC. They proposed a continuous news service on FM and a news/talk format on AM. By the time the licence was due to start in October 1994, London News Radio had been through several upheavals, first acquiring LBC and then itself being bought up by Reuters. At launch on 5 October 1994, the company was known as London Radio Services and it operated London News 97.3FM and London News Talk 1152AM. London News initially operated on a 20-minute wheel. The firs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
EMRP
Effective radiated power (ERP), synonymous with equivalent radiated power, is an IEEE standardized definition of directional radio frequency (RF) power, such as that emitted by a radio transmitter. It is the total power in watts that would have to be radiated by a half-wave dipole antenna to give the same radiation intensity (signal strength or power flux density in watts per square meter) as the actual source antenna at a distant receiver located in the direction of the antenna's strongest beam (main lobe). ERP measures the combination of the power emitted by the transmitter and the ability of the antenna to direct that power in a given direction. It is equal to the input power to the antenna multiplied by the gain of the antenna. It is used in electronics and telecommunications, particularly in broadcasting to quantify the apparent power of a broadcasting station experienced by listeners in its reception area. An alternate parameter that measures the same thing is effec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transmitter Power Output
In radio transmission, transmitter power output (TPO) is the actual amount of power (in watts) of radio frequency (RF) energy that a transmitter produces at its output. TPO is a concept related to effective radiated power (ERP), but refers to the power output of a transmitter, without accounting for antenna gain. The ERP for VHF/UHF transmitters is normally more than the TPO, for LF/MF transmitters it has nearly the same value, while for VLF transmitters it may be less. Signal formula The radio antenna's design focuses the signal, creating gain and increasing the ERP. There is also some loss (negative gain) from the feedline, which reduces some of the TPO to the antenna by both resistance and by radiating a small part of the signal. The basic equation In mathematics, an equation is a mathematical formula that expresses the equality of two expressions, by connecting them with the equals sign . The word ''equation'' and its cognates in other languages may have subt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Digital Audio Broadcasting
Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) is a digital radio international standard, standard for broadcasting digital audio radio services in many countries around the world, defined, supported, marketed and promoted by the WorldDAB organisation. The standard is dominant in Europe and is also used in Australia, and in parts of Africa and as of 2025, countries using DAB/DMB, 55 countries are actively running DAB broadcasts as an alternative platform to analogue FM. DAB was the result of a European research project and first publicly rolled out in 1995, with consumer-grade DAB Radio receiver, receivers appearing at the start of this millennium. Initially it was expected in many countries that existing FM broadcasting, FM services would switch over to DAB, although the take-up of DAB has been much slower than expected. In 2023, Norway became the first country to have implemented a national FM radio switch-off, with others to follow in the next years, Switzerland and the United Kingdom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Global Media & Entertainment
Global Media & Entertainment Limited, trading as Global, is a British media company formed in 2007. It is the owner of the largest commercial radio company in Europe having expanded through a number of historical acquisitions, including Chrysalis Radio, GCap Media and GMG Radio. Global owns and operates seven core radio brands, all employing a national network strategy, including Capital, Heart, Smooth, Radio X, Gold, Classic FM and LBC. Global is also one of the leading out-of-home advertising (OOH) companies in the UK. History Global was founded by Ashley Tabor-King in 2007, with financial backing from his father Michael Tabor, and purchased Chrysalis Radio, where Global took control of the radio brands Heart, Galaxy, LBC and The Arrow. A year later on 31 October 2008 Global Radio officially took control of all GCap Media and its brands. The GCap Media name was dropped at this time. The GCap purchase gave Global the network of FM stations which GCap had operated as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
