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Sadiq Larijani
Sadiq Ardashir Larijani (born 12 March 1963) is an Iranian cleric and politician who currently serves as the chairman of Expediency Discernment Council since 2018. He previously served as the sixth chief justice of Iran from 2009 to 2019. Larijani is one of the closest aides of Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei and has been regarded by many commentators as one of the two potential successors to Khamenei, along with the latter's son Mojtaba Khamenei. Early life and education Sadiq Ardashir Larijani was born on 12 March 1963 in Najaf, Iraq, to an Iranian family originating from Larijan, Iran. His father, Mirza Hashem Amoli, was a high-ranking Shia Islamic scholar and was bestowed the title Grand Ayatollah. Amoli had moved to Najaf after being exiled by Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the shah of Iran. In the aftermath of the Iranian Revolution, the family moved back to Iran around 1979. Larijani became familiar with both religious sciences and modern sciences as a child. He began primary sc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Najaf
Najaf is the capital city of the Najaf Governorate in central Iraq, about 160 km (99 mi) south of Baghdad. Its estimated population in 2024 is about 1.41 million people. It is widely considered amongst the holiest cities of Shia Islam and one of its spiritual capitals, as well as the center of Shia political power in Iraq. It is the Imam Ali Shrine, burial place of Muhammad's son in law and cousin, ‘Alī ibn Abī Tālib, and thus a major pilgrimage destination for Shia Muslims. The largest cemetery in the world (Wadi-us-Salaam) and the oldest Shi'a Islamic seminary in the world (Hawza Najaf, Hawza of Najaf) are located in Najaf. Etymology According to Ibn Manzur, the word, "najaf" (), literally means a high and rectangular place around which water is accumulated, although the water does not go above its level. Al-Shaykh al-Saduq appeals to a hadith from Ja'far al-Sadiq, claiming that "Najaf" comes from the phrase, "nay jaff" which means "the nay sea has dried". "Naj ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fazel Larijani
Fazel Ardashir Larijani (born 1953) is an Iranian politician and academic. He is best known in Iran for his core involvement in the corruption allegations publicly announced by then president in the Majlis. Career He received his bachelor in physics from Sharif University of Technology and a master's degree in the same field from University of Southern California in 1980. Later he gained a PhD in science and technology policy making from Tarbiat Modares University. He currently serves as a Chief in the Islamic Azad University of Ayatollah Amoli branch. He is also the official member for the Supreme Council of the Cultural Revolution. He was Cultural attaché Iran of Canada. Corruption allegations On 3 February 2013, then president Ahmadinejad attended a meeting in the Iranian parliament to defend one of his minister, Reza Sheykholeslam minister of Cooperatives, Labour, and Social Welfare, from impeachment. The speaker of the parliament, Majlis, was Ali Larijani and his brothe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iranian Revolution
The Iranian Revolution (, ), also known as the 1979 Revolution, or the Islamic Revolution of 1979 (, ) was a series of events that culminated in the overthrow of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979. The revolution led to the replacement of the Imperial State of Iran by the Islamic Republic of Iran, as the monarchical government of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was superseded by the theocratic Ruhollah Khomeini, a religious cleric who had headed one of the rebel factions. The ousting of Pahlavi, the last Shah of Iran, formally marked the end of List of monarchs of Persia, Iran's historical monarchy. In 1953, the CIA- and MI6-backed 1953 Iranian coup d'état overthrew Iran’s democratically elected Prime Minister, Mohammad Mossadegh, who had nationalized the country's oil industry to reclaim sovereignty from British control. The coup reinstalled Mohammad Reza Pahlavi as an absolute monarch and entrenched Iran as a client state of the U.S. and UK. Over the next 26 years, Pahlavi consolidated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohammad Reza Shah
Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (26 October 1919 – 27 July 1980) was the last Shah of Iran, ruling from 1941 to 1979. He succeeded his father Reza Shah and ruled the Imperial State of Iran until he was overthrown by the Iranian Revolution, which abolished the Iranian monarchy to establish the present-day Islamic Republic of Iran. In 1967, he took the title (), and also held several others, including () and (). He was the second and last ruling monarch of the Pahlavi dynasty. His vision of the " Great Civilization" () led to his leadership over rapid industrial and military modernization, as well as economic and social reforms in Iran. During World War II, the Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran forced the abdication of Reza Shah and succession of Mohammad Reza Shah. During his reign, the British-owned oil industry was nationalized by the prime minister Mohammad Mosaddegh, who had support from Iran's national parliament to do so; however, Mosaddegh was overthrown in the 1953 Iranian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grand Ayatollah
Marja (; plural ''marājiʿ''; ) is a title given to the highest level of Twelver Shia religious cleric, with the authority given by a hawzah (a seminary where Shi'a Muslim scholars are educated) to make legal decisions within the confines of Sharia, Islamic law for followers and clerics below him in rank. The highest ranking ''marjiʿ'' is known as the ''marja al-mutlaq'' or ''marja al-taqlid al-mutlaq''. A marji' is usually also a grand ayatollah. Sources differ as to when the institution of the marja˓ emerged, with Murtadha al-Ansari (died 1864) and Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni (died 940 or 941) both being called the first marja'. As of 2023, there are approximately List of current maraji, over 50 living maraji, almost all residing in Iran or Iraq. Title Currently, maraji' are accorded the title ''grand ayatollah'' ( ''ʾĀyatullāh al-ʿUẓmā''). Previously, the titles of Allamah (such as Allameh Tabatabaei, Allameh Majlesi, Allameh Hilli) and Imam (such as Imam Khomei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) and also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Iraq to the west, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Armenia to the northwest, the Caspian Sea to the north, Turkmenistan to the northeast, Afghanistan to the east, Pakistan to the southeast, and the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south. With a Ethnicities in Iran, multi-ethnic population of over 92 million in an area of , Iran ranks 17th globally in both List of countries and dependencies by area, geographic size and List of countries and dependencies by population, population. It is the List of Asian countries by area, sixth-largest country entirely in Asia and one of the world's List of mountains in Iran, most mountainous countries. Officially an Islamic republic, Iran is divided into Regions of Iran, five regions with Provinces of Iran, 31 provinces. Tehran is the nation's Capital city, capital, List of cities in Iran by province, largest city and financial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Larijan District
Larijan District () is in Amol County, Mazandaran province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Gazanak. Demographics Population At the time of the 2006 National Census, the district's population was 8,089 in 2,406 households. The following census in 2011 counted 6,884 people in 2,307 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the district as 8,684 inhabitants in 3,135 households. Administrative divisions Natural attractions * Haraz River * Lar Dam *Mount Damavand Mount Damavand ( ) is a Volcano#Dormant, dormant stratovolcano and is the highest peak in Iran and Western Asia, the List of volcanoes by elevation, highest volcano in Asia, and the 3rd highest volcano in the Eastern Hemisphere (after Mount K ... * Shahandasht Waterfall * Yakhi Waterfall * See also References Districts of Mazandaran province Populated places in Amol County {{Amol-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Republic Of Iraq
Republic of Iraq (), retroactively known as First Iraqi Republic and also as, Iraqi Republic, Qasimist Iraq (1958–1963) and Nasserist Iraq (1963–1968), was the Iraqi state forged in 1958 under the rule of President of Iraq, President Muhammad Najib ar-Ruba'i and Prime Minister of Iraq, Prime Minister Abdul-Karim Qasim. ar-Ruba'i and Qasim first came to power through the 14 July Revolution in which the Kingdom of Iraq's Hashemites, Hashemite dynasty was overthrown. As a result, the Kingdom and the Arab Federation were dissolved and the Iraqi republic established. Arab nationalism, Arab nationalists later took power and overthrew Qasim in the Ramadan Revolution in February 1963, and then Nasserism, Nasserists consolidated their power after another November 1963 Iraqi coup d'état, coup in November 1963. The era ended with the Ba'athism, Ba'athist rise to power in a 17 July Revolution, coup in July 1968. Territorial change Iraq reverted to control over the territory of the forme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mojtaba Khamenei
Mojtaba Hosseini Khamenei (born 8 September 1969) is an Iranian politician and cleric who is one of the sons of Ali Khamenei. He served in the Iran–Iraq War from 1987 to 1988. He also reportedly took control of the Basij paramilitary militia that was used to suppress the 2009–2010 Iranian election protests, protests over the 2009 election. Political commentators regard him to be one of the two Next Supreme Leader of Iran election#Potential successors, potential candidates to succeed his father Ali Khamenei as supreme leader, the other being Ayatollah Sadiq Larijani. Early life and education Mojtaba was born in Mashhad in 1969 and is the second son of Ali Khamenei, the Supreme leader of Iran.The Man in the Shadow: Mojtaba Khamenei , Tehran Bureau, 16 J ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Next Supreme Leader Of Iran Election
An election for the third Supreme Leader of Iran, supreme leader of Iran will be held following the end of the current tenure of Ali Khamenei. As of June 2025, no person has been officially declared as the heir to Khamenei nor as a nominee, though various sources such as Reuters and BBC News have reported on potential candidates. In 2014, it was reported that the succession of Khamenei is deemed to have been decided but not disclosed publicly. Constitutionally, the Assembly of Experts is tasked to select the next leader. Its sixth and current session began after it was elected in 2024 Iranian Assembly of Experts election, 2024 and is scheduled to sit until 2032. Khamenei has not discussed his replacement. He has said the selection must be made without shame or regard for expediency, rather based on the three principles of "truth, the need of the country and God". As of 2024, a four-member council of the Assembly of Experts was examining possible candidates in secrecy while advis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ayatollah
Ayatollah (, ; ; ) is an Title of honor, honorific title for high-ranking Twelver Shia clergy. It came into widespread usage in the 20th century. Originally used as a title bestowed by popular/clerical acclaim for a small number of the most distinguished ''marja' at-taqlid'' ''mujtahid'', it suffered from "inflation" following the 1979 Iranian Revolution when it came to be used for "any established mujtahid".Momen, ''An Introduction to Shi'i Islam'', 1985, p.205-6 By 2015 it was further expanded to include any student who had passed their Mujtahid final exam, leading to "thousands" of Ayatollahs. The title is not used by the Sunni Islam, Sunni community of Iran. In the Western world – especially after the Iranian Revolution – it was associated with Ruhollah Khomeini, who was so well known as to often be referred to as "The Ayatollah". Etymology The title is originally derived from the Arabic word Grammatical modifier#Premodifiers and postmodifiers, post-modified with t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iranian Peoples
Iranian peoples, or Iranic peoples, are the collective ethnolinguistic groups who are identified chiefly by their native usage of any of the Iranian languages, which are a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages within the Indo-European languages, Indo-European language family. The Proto-Iranian language, Proto-Iranians are believed to have emerged as a separate branch of the Indo-Iranians in Central Asia around the mid-2nd millennium BC. At their peak of expansion in the mid-1st millennium BC, the territory of the Iranian peoples stretched across the entire Eurasian Steppe; from the Danube, Danubian Plains in the west to the Ordos Plateau in the east and the Iranian Plateau in the south.: "From the first millennium b.c., we have abundant historical, archaeological and linguistic sources for the location of the territory inhabited by the Iranian peoples. In this period the territory of the northern Iranians, they being equestrian nomads, extended over the whole zone of the ste ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
