|
Sachkhere Mountain Training School Logo
Sachkhere ( ka, საჩხერე ) is a town at the northern edge of the Imereti Province in Western Georgia (country), Georgia. It is the center of the Sachkhere Municipality. Farming is a major contributor to the economy of Sachkhere. Alva LLC estimates that there are 4,000 small and medium-sized farms and ranches in the region, supported by a program of technical assistance sponsored by USAID and administered by the Farmer to Farmer, Farmer-to-Farmer program of CNFA. History From the end of the 15th century, much land in the region was owned by the noble Tsereteli family. By the 19th century, Sachkhere had become a very diverse settlement with a sizable community of Georgian Jews. According to official statistics published by the administration of the Caucasus Viceroyalty (1801–1917), viceroy, in 1880 the total population of 1,034 people was composed of the following religious groups: 628 Georgian Jews, 206 Orthodox Christians (presumably mostly Georgians), and 200 Gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Modinakhe Fortress
Modinakhe ( ) is a Georgian fortress located high on the mountain in the city of Sachkhere in Imereti, Georgia. It is currently in ruins. History The exact date of its construction is unknown. For a long time, the Modinahe fortress served as a residence for the princes Tsereteli, until it was captured by the Russian army in 1810 in the course of Russian conquest of the Caucasus. After that, it was abandoned, and in 1991 it was badly damaged by an earthquake, today there is large debris off the walls in the lower part of the mountain. The fortress is interesting as an observation platform and as a historical place. Fortress name "Modi-nakhe", which means "to go and see", corresponds to the impregnable position of the castle, to which the enemy stands and looks at Modinahe (Ahmad ibn Arabshah, Ibn Arabshah mentioned a certain fortress in Georgia, called "Come, look, returns"). References Literature * Nadiradze J., Archaeological monuments of the Kvirili Gorge, Tb., 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serfdom
Serfdom was the status of many peasants under feudalism, specifically relating to manorialism and similar systems. It was a condition of debt bondage and indentured servitude with similarities to and differences from slavery. It developed during late antiquity and the Early Middle Ages in Europe and lasted in some countries until the mid-19th century. Unlike slaves, serfs could not be bought, sold, or traded individually, though they could, depending on the area, be sold together with land. Actual slaves, such as the kholops in Russia, could, by contrast, be traded like regular slaves, abused with no rights over their own bodies, could not leave the land they were bound to, and marry only with their lord's permission. Serfs who occupied a plot of land were required to work for the lord of the manor who owned that land. In return, they were entitled to protection, justice, and the right to cultivate certain fields within the manor to maintain their own subsistence. Serfs wer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sachkhere Mountain Training School
The Sachkhere Mountain Training School ( ka, საჩხერის სამთო მომზადების სკოლა) is a mountain warfare training facility in Georgia, located near the town of Sachkhere in the west of the country. Established on 14 August 2006, it is operated by the Joint Staff of the Georgian Armed Forces Military Training and Education Command. The Sachkhere Mountain Training School was created on the basis of the 16th Mountain Battalion, whose predecessor, the Sachkhere Battalion, was one of the first National Guard units established in Georgia during its struggle for independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. The founder and commander of the battalion, Besarion Kutateladze, played a role in the Georgian civil strife and was killed in a clash with the Russian troops at Gori in June 1992. The school was established through the help of the United States and France. France also provided instructors for training Georgian officers at the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Oceanic And Atmospheric Administration
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA ) is an American scientific and regulatory agency charged with Weather forecasting, forecasting weather, monitoring oceanic and atmospheric conditions, Hydrography, charting the seas, conducting deep-sea exploration, and managing fishing and protection of marine mammals and endangered species in the US exclusive economic zone. The agency is part of the United States Department of Commerce and is headquartered in Silver Spring, Maryland. History NOAA traces its history back to multiple agencies, some of which are among the earliest in the federal government: * United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, formed in 1807 * National Weather Service, Weather Bureau of the United States, formed in 1870 * United States Fish Commission, Bureau of Commercial Fisheries, formed in 1871 (research fleet only) * NOAA Commissioned Corps, Coast and Geodetic Survey Corps, formed in 1917 The most direct predecessor of NOAA was the Enviro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giorgi Asanidze
Giorgi Asanidze ( ka, გიორგი ასანიძე; born 30 August 1975 in Sachkhere) is a Georgian former weightlifter, Olympic Champion, World Champion, and three time European Champion who competed in the 85 kg and 77 kg categories. Career Weightlifting He competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics where he won a bronze medal (all three medalists had the same total of 390 kg, but the medals were determined by lowest body weight), and the 2004 Summer Olympics where he won gold. He is currently the coach for the Georgian National Weightlifting Team, including European medalist Goga Chkheidze, European champion Shota Mishvelidze, Olympic bronze medalist Anton Pliesnoi, and three-time Olympic champion Lasha Talakhadze. Government He was elected to the Parliament of Georgia from the United National Movement in 2004. He was reelected in the May 2008 Parliamentary election from Tbilisi's Gldani constituency on the same party ticket. Major results Car ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lasha Talakhadze
Lasha Talakhadze ( ka, ლაშა ტალახაძე; ; born 2 October 1993) is a Georgian weightlifter, holding the all-time world records independent of weight category in the snatch (225 kg, 496 lb), the clean and jerk (267 kg, 589 lb), and the total (492 kg, 1,085 lb) since 2021. Talakhadze is a three-time Olympic champion, seven-time world champion, and seven-time European champion competing in the super-heavyweight category (105 kg + until 2018 and 109 kg + starting in 2018 after the International Weightlifting Federation reorganized the categories). He is a three-time winner of the IWF Male Lifter of the Year. Career Early career and +105 kg division Talakhadze represented Georgia at the 2015 World Weightlifting Championships, and originally finished second with a total of 454 kg. In December 2015, Aleksey Lovchev (the original gold medalist and world record holder in the clean & jerk and total) failed a drug tes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Eliava
George Eliava ( Georgian — გიორგი ელიავა; January 13, 1892 – July 10, 1937) was a Georgian-Soviet microbiologist who worked with bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria). Eliava was born in Sachkhere. From 1909 to 1912 he studied medicine, at Novorossiysk University, continued his studies in Geneva until 1914, and graduated at Moscow University in 1916. The same year, he became head of the bacteriological laboratory in Trabzon, in 1917 he headed the bacteriological laboratory in Tbilisi. In 1918–1921, and again in 1926–1927, he worked at the Pasteur Institute in Paris, where he met Félix d'Hérelle, the co-discoverer of bacteriophages. Eliava got excited about the potential of bacteriophages in medical applications, and brought the research (and, eventually, d'Hérelle), to Tbilisi. In 1923, Eliava founded a bacteriological institute in Tbilisi on the basis of the laboratory he headed since 1921, to research and promote phage therapy. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vera Zasulich
Vera Ivanovna Zasulich (; – 8 May 1919) was a Russian socialist activist, Menshevik writer and revolutionary. She is widely known for her correspondence with Karl Marx, in which she put into question the necessity of a capitalist industrialisation prior to socialism, in the context of the fact that there already were living farmer communities in Russia that had developed practices and cultures that had a communist component. Radical beginnings Zasulich was born in Mikhaylovka, in the Smolensk Governorate of the Russian Empire, as one of four daughters of an impoverished minor Polish nobleman. When she was three years old, her father died and her mother sent her to live with her wealthier relatives, the Mikulich family, in Byakolovo. After graduating from high school in 1866, she moved to Saint Petersburg, where she worked as a clerk. Soon she became involved in radical politics and taught literacy classes for factory workers. Her contacts with the Russian revolutionary le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Judicial Reform Of Alexander II
The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law in legal cases. Meaning The judiciary is the system of courts that interprets, defends, and applies the law in the name of the state. The judiciary can also be thought of as the mechanism for the resolution of disputes. Under the doctrine of the separation of powers, the judiciary generally does not make statutory law (which is the responsibility of the legislature) or enforce law (which is the responsibility of the executive), but rather interprets, defends, and applies the law to the facts of each case. However, in some countries the judiciary does make common law. In many jurisdictions the judicial branch has the power to change laws through the process of judicial review. Courts with judicial review power may annul the laws and rul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blood Libel
Blood libel or ritual murder libel (also blood accusation) is an antisemitic canardTurvey, Brent E. ''Criminal Profiling: An Introduction to Behavioral Evidence Analysis'', Academic Press, 2008, p. 3. "Blood libel: An accusation of ritual murder made against one or more persons, typically of the Jewish faith".Chanes, Jerome A. ''Antisemitism: A Reference Handbook'', ABC-CLIO, 2004, pp. 34–45. "Among the most serious of these nti-Jewishmanifestations, which reverberate to the present day, were those of the libels: the leveling of charges against Jews, particularly the blood libel and the libel of desecrating the host."Goldish, Matt. ''Jewish Questions: Responsa on Sephardic Life in the Early Modern Period'', Princeton University Press, 2008, p. 8. "In the period from the twelfth to the twentieth centuries, Jews were regularly charged with blood libel or ritual murder that Jews kidnapped and murdered non-Jews as part of a Jewish religious ritual." which falsely accuses Jews o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shorapani Uezd
The Shorapani ''uezd'' was a county (''uezd'') of the Kutaisi Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. It bordered the Racha uezd to the north, the Kutaisi uezd to the west, and the Tiflis Governorate to the east. The area of the ''uezd'' corresponded to most of the contemporary Imereti region of Georgia. The administrative center of the Shorapani ''uezd'' was Kvirila (present-day Zestaponi). History The Shorapani ''uezd'' was formed in 1846 as part of the Kutaisi Governorate on the territory of the historical region of Imereti during the time of the Russian Empire. In 1918, the Kutaisi Governorate including the Shorapani ''uezd'' was incorporated into part of the Democratic Republic of Georgia. Administrative divisions The subcounties (''uchastoks'') of the Shorapani ''uezd'' in 1913 were as follows: Demographics Russian Empire Census According to the Russian Empire Census, the Shorapani ''uezd'' had a population of 156,633 on , including 74,3 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emancipation Reform Of 1861
The emancipation reform of 1861 in Russia, also known as the Edict of Emancipation of Russia, ( – "peasants' reform of 1861") was the first and most important of the liberal reforms enacted during the reign of Emperor Alexander II of Russia. The reform effectively abolished serfdom throughout the Russian Empire. The 1861 Emancipation Manifesto proclaimed the emancipation of the serfs on private estates and of the domestic (household) serfs. By this edict more than 23 million people received their liberty.Mee, Arthur; Hammerton, J.A.; Innes, Arthur D.; Harmsworth History of the World: Volume 7', 1907, Carmelite House, London; p. 5193. Serfs gained the full rights of free citizens, including rights to marry without having to gain consent, to own property and to own a business. The Manifesto prescribed that peasants would be able to buy the land from the landlords. Household serfs were the least affected: they gained only their freedom and no land. The serfs were emancipated in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
