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SCSI Multimedia Commands
SCSI Multimedia Commands (MMC) is a standard defining a SCSI/ ATAPI based command set for accessing and controlling optical disc readers/writers (any device of type 05h). Thus, optical drives for the compact disc, DVD, and Blu-ray disc fall under this specification. The T10 subcommittee is responsible for developing MMC as well as other SCSI command set standards. It was approved in December 1997 by ANSI.http://www.13thmonkey.org/documentation/SCSI/x3_304_1997.pdf (MMC-3) See also *Mount Rainier Mount Rainier ( ), also known as Tahoma, is a large active stratovolcano in the Cascade Range of the Pacific Northwest in the United States. The mountain is located in Mount Rainier National Park about south-southeast of Seattle. With an off ... (MRW) * Layer Jump Recording (LJR) * Optical disc recording modes * Small Form Factor committee (SFF) References SCSI Compact disc DVD Blu-ray Disc {{tech-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SCSI
Small Computer System Interface (SCSI, ) is a set of standards for physically connecting and transferring data between computers and peripheral devices, best known for its use with storage devices such as hard disk drives. SCSI was introduced in the 1980s and has seen widespread use on servers and high-end workstations, with new SCSI standards being published as recently as SAS-4 in 2017. The SCSI standards define commands, protocols, electrical, optical and logical interfaces. The SCSI standard defines command sets for specific peripheral device types; the presence of "unknown" as one of these types means that in theory it can be used as an interface to almost any device, but the standard is highly pragmatic and addressed toward commercial requirements. The initial Parallel SCSI was most commonly used for hard disk drives and tape drives, but it can connect a wide range of other devices, including scanners and optical disc drives, although not all controllers can handle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ATA Packet Interface
ATAPI (ATA Packet Interface) is a protocol used with the Parallel ATA (IDE) and Serial ATA standards so that a greater variety of devices can be connected to a computer than with the ATA command set alone. It carries SCSI commands and responses through the ATA interface. ATAPI devices include CD-ROM and DVD-ROM drives, tape drives, magneto-optical drives, CompactFlash, CompactFlash drives, and large-capacity floppy disk, floppy drives such as the Zip drive and SuperDisk drive. History ATA was originally designed for, and worked only with, hard disks and devices that could emulate them. A group called the Small Form Factor committee (SFF) introduced ATAPI to be used for a variety of other devices that require functions beyond those necessary for hard disks. For example, any removable media device needs a "media eject" command, and a way for the host to determine whether the media is present, and these were not provided in the ATA protocol. The Small Form Factor committee appr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Compact Disc
The compact disc (CD) is a Digital media, digital optical disc data storage format co-developed by Philips and Sony to store and play digital audio recordings. It employs the Compact Disc Digital Audio (CD-DA) standard and was capable of holding of uncompressed stereo audio. First released in Japan in October 1982, the CD was the second optical disc format to reach the market, following the larger LaserDisc (LD). In later years, the technology was adapted for computer data storage as CD-ROM and subsequently expanded into various writable and multimedia formats. , over 200 billion CDs (including audio CDs, CD-ROMs, and CD-Rs) had been sold worldwide. Standard CDs have a diameter of and typically hold up to 74 minutes of audio or approximately of data. This was later regularly extended to 80 minutes or by reducing the spacing between data tracks, with some discs unofficially reaching up to 99 minutes or which falls outside established specifications. Smaller variants, such ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blu-ray Disc
Blu-ray (Blu-ray Disc or BD) is a Digital media, digital optical disc data storage format designed to supersede the DVD format. It was invented and developed in 2005 and released worldwide on June 20, 2006, capable of storing several hours of high-definition video (HDTV 720p and 1080p). The main application of Blu-ray is as a medium for video material such as feature films and for the physical distribution of video games for the PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, and Xbox Series X and Series S, Xbox Series X. The name refers to the blue laser used to read the disc, which allows information to be stored at a greater density than is possible with the longer-wavelength red laser used for DVDs, resulting in an increased capacity. The polycarbonate disc is in diameter and thick, the same size as DVDs and Compact disc, CDs. Conventional (or "pre-BDXL") Blu-ray discs contain 25gigabyte, GB per layer, with dual-layer discs (50GB) being the industry standard for fe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
T10 Subcommittee
T1, T01, T.1 or T-1 may refer to: Biology * The first of the thoracic vertebrae in the vertebral column * Thoracic spinal nerve 1, a nerve emerging from the vertebrae * Cyclin T1, a human gene * GalNAc-T1, a human gene * Ribonuclease T1, a fungal endonuclease * TNM staging system, classification for a small cancer tumor * T1, longitudinal relaxation time, in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a measure of the time taken for spinning protons to realign with the external magnetic field Computing * Apple T1, a system on a chip used by Apple * T1 font, or cork encoding, a character encoding * T1, a component of the T-carrier system for telecommunication * UltraSPARC T1, a microprocessor * AYYA T1, a smartphone developed by Rostec as part of the Ayya (smartphone) line Transportation Aircraft * Raytheon T-1 Jayhawk, a jet aircraft used by the US Air Force for advanced pilot training * Lockheed T2V SeaStar, a.k.a. T1 Seastar, a carrier-capable jet trainer in the US Navy * Fu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SCSI Command
Small Computer System Interface (SCSI, ) is a set of standards for physically connecting and transferring data between computers and peripheral devices, best known for its use with storage devices such as hard disk drives. SCSI was introduced in the 1980s and has seen widespread use on servers and high-end workstations, with new SCSI standards being published as recently as SAS-4 in 2017. The SCSI standards define commands, protocols, electrical, optical and logical interfaces. The SCSI standard defines command sets for specific peripheral device types; the presence of "unknown" as one of these types means that in theory it can be used as an interface to almost any device, but the standard is highly pragmatic and addressed toward commercial requirements. The initial Parallel SCSI was most commonly used for hard disk drives and tape drives, but it can connect a wide range of other devices, including scanners and optical disc drives, although not all controllers can handle al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mount Rainier (packet Writing)
Mount Rainier (MRW) is a format for writable optical discs which provides the packet writing and defect management. Its goal is the replacement of the floppy disk. It is named after Mount Rainier, a volcano near Seattle, Washington, United States. Mount Rainier can be used only with drives that explicitly support it (a part of SCSI/ MMC and can work over ATAPI), but works with standard CD-R, CD-RW, DVD+/-R and DVD+/-RW media. The physical format of MRW on the disk is managed by the drive's firmware, which remaps physical drive blocks into a virtual, defect-free space. Thus, the host computer does not see the physical format of the disk, only a sequence of data blocks capable of holding any filesystem. (Reference describes ''DVD+MRW'' too.) Design The time needed for the disk formatting is shortened to about one minute by the background formatting capabilities of the drive. Formatting allocates some sectors at the end of the disk for defect management. Defective sectors are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Layer Jump Recording
Layer Jump Recording (LJR) is a writing method used for DVD-R DL (Dual Layer). LJR alternates between recording layers during the writing process, as compared with filling one layer before writing to another layer. Overview LJR permits recording the disc per increments called session (see Optical disc authoring), a.k.a. multi-session. It also permits a faster closing of the disc by saving extraneous padding when the amount of recorded data does not fill-up the disc. It overcomes these limitations of Sequential Recording (SR), the writing method usually applied to write-once optical media. The layer jump is a switch (jump) between the layer closer to the laser head (referred as L0) to the farther layer (referred as L1), or vice versa. Jumping layers is already necessary for reading multiple layer optical media (so far market released products are limited to two layers despite some research prototypes having up to eight layers), as well as for recording them with Sequential Recordi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Optical Disc Recording Modes
In optical disc authoring, there are multiple modes for recording, including Disc-At-Once, Track-At-Once, and Session-At-Once. CD Disc-At-Once Disc-At-Once (DAO) for CD-R media is a mode that masters the disc contents in one pass, rather than a track at a time as in Track At Once. DAO mode, unlike TAO mode, allows any amount of audio data (or no data at all) to be written in the "pre-gaps" between tracks. One use of this technique, for example, is to burn track introductions to be played before each track starts. A CD player will generally display a negative time offset counting up to the next track when such pre-gap introductions play. Pre-gap audio before the first track of the CD makes it possible to burn an unnumbered, "hidden" audio track. This track can only be accessed by "rewinding" from the start of the first track, backwards into the pre-gap audio. DAO recording is also the only way to write data to the unused R-W sub-channels. This allows for extended graphic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Small Form Factor Committee
The Small Form Factor Committee (SFF) is an ''ad hoc'' electronics industry group formed to quickly develop interoperability specifications (as a complement to the traditional standards process). The SFF Committee was formed in 1990 to define the emerging disk drive form factor for laptop computers. In November 1992, the members broadened the objectives to complement the formal standards process in any area of the storage industry which needed prompt attention. SFF projects are in areas not addressed by standards committees because of timing, charter, or other considerations. The committee consists of members that represent companies that develop, manufacture, and sell products and components for the storage industry. Its members include but are not limited to representatives from companies such as Amphenol Interconnect, Avago Technologies, Broadcom, Dell, FCI Electronics, Foxconn, Fujitsu Components America, Hewlett Packard, Hitachi, IBM, Intel, LSI Corporation, Molex, P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Compact Disc
The compact disc (CD) is a Digital media, digital optical disc data storage format co-developed by Philips and Sony to store and play digital audio recordings. It employs the Compact Disc Digital Audio (CD-DA) standard and was capable of holding of uncompressed stereo audio. First released in Japan in October 1982, the CD was the second optical disc format to reach the market, following the larger LaserDisc (LD). In later years, the technology was adapted for computer data storage as CD-ROM and subsequently expanded into various writable and multimedia formats. , over 200 billion CDs (including audio CDs, CD-ROMs, and CD-Rs) had been sold worldwide. Standard CDs have a diameter of and typically hold up to 74 minutes of audio or approximately of data. This was later regularly extended to 80 minutes or by reducing the spacing between data tracks, with some discs unofficially reaching up to 99 minutes or which falls outside established specifications. Smaller variants, such ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
