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SC21 (United States)
SC-21 (Surface Combatant for the 21st century) was a research and development program started in 1994 intended to design land attack ships for the United States Navy. A wide variety of designs were created and extensively examined, including an arsenal ship with 500 cruise missiles. Eventually a "tumblehome" design of around 16,000 tons with two long-range guns and 128 missile tubes was selected as the DD-21, the Destroyer for the 21st century. The program ended in November 2001. Background The origins of SC-21 lie in the realization by Admiral Joseph Metcalf III that new technologies such as vertical launch missiles permitted a complete rethink of warship design. He established a steering group, Group Mike, to study the possibilities. Group Mike sponsored two studies in 1987: the Ship Operational Characteristics Study (SOCS) and the Surface Combatant Force Requirement Study (SCFRS). Respectively, these studies sought to identify the operational characteristics required of a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uss Zumwalt
USS ''Zumwalt'' (DDG-1000) is a guided missile destroyer of the United States Navy. She is the lead ship of the and the first ship to be named after Admiral Elmo Zumwalt. ''Zumwalt'' has stealth capabilities, having a radar cross-section similar to a fishing boat despite her large size. On December 7, 2015, ''Zumwalt'' began her sea trial preparatory to joining the Pacific Fleet. The ship was commissioned in Baltimore on October 15, 2016. Her home port is San Diego, California. In late 2024, the AGS was removed and replaced with the IRCPS weapon system. Namesake ''Zumwalt'' is named after Elmo Russell Zumwalt Jr., who was an American naval officer and the youngest man to serve as the Chief of Naval Operations. As an admiral and later the 19th Chief of Naval Operations, Zumwalt played a major role in U.S. military history, especially during the Vietnam War. A highly decorated war veteran, Zumwalt reformed the US Navy's personnel policies in an effort to improve enlisted lif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ohio-class Submarine
The ''Ohio'' class of nuclear-powered submarines includes the United States Navy's 14 ballistic missile submarines (SSBNs) and its 4 cruise missile submarines (SSGNs). Each displacing 18,750 tons submerged, the ''Ohio''-class boats are the largest submarines ever built for the U.S. Navy and are capable of carrying 24 Trident II missiles apiece. They are also the third-largest submarines ever built, behind the Russian Navy's Soviet era 48,000-ton , the last of which was retired in 2023, and 24,000-ton . Like their predecessors the and es, the ''Ohio''-class SSBNs are part of the United States' nuclear-deterrent triad, along with U.S. Air Force strategic bombers and intercontinental ballistic missiles. The 14 SSBNs together carry about half of U.S. active strategic thermonuclear warheads. Although the Trident missiles have no preset targets when the submarines go on patrol, they can be given targets quickly, from the United States Strategic Command based in Nebraska, using se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ticonderoga Class Cruiser
The ''Ticonderoga'' class of guided-missile cruisers is a class of warships of the United States Navy, first ordered and authorized in the 1978 fiscal year. It was originally planned as a class of destroyers. However, the increased combat capability offered by the Aegis Combat System and the passive phased array AN/SPY-1 radar, together with the capability of operating as a flagship, were used to justify the change of the classification from DDG (guided-missile destroyer) to CG (guided-missile cruiser) shortly before the keels were laid down for and . ''Ticonderoga''-class guided-missile cruisers are multi-role warships. Their Mk 41 VLS can fire Tomahawk cruise missiles to strike land targets or anti-aircraft SM-2MR/ ERs for defense against aircraft or anti-ship missiles. Their LAMPS III helicopters, RUM-139 ASROCs, and sonar systems allow them to perform anti-submarine missions. ''Ticonderoga''-class ships are designed to be elements of carrier strike groups or amph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rate Of Fire
Rate of fire is the frequency at which a specific weapon can fire or launch its projectiles. This can be influenced by several factors, including operator training level, mechanical limitations, ammunition availability, and weapon condition. In modern weaponry, it is usually measured in rounds per minute (RPM or round/min) or rounds per second (RPS or round/s). There are three different measurements for the rate of fire: cyclic, sustained, and rapid. Cyclic is the maximum rate of fire given only mechanical function, not taking into account degradation of function due to heat, wear, or ammunition constraints. Sustained is the maximum efficient rate of fire given the time taken to load the weapon and keep it cool enough to operate. Finally, rapid is the maximum reasonable rate of fire in an emergency when the rate of fire need not be upheld for long periods. Overview For manually operated weapons such as bolt-action rifles or artillery pieces, the rate of fire is governed primarily ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Advanced Gun System
The Advanced Gun System (AGS) is a naval artillery system developed and produced by BAE Systems Armaments & Services for the ''Zumwalt''-class destroyer of the United States Navy. Designated the 155 mm/62 (6.1-inch) Mark 51 Advanced Gun System (AGS),155 mm/62 (6.1") Mark 51 Advanced Gun System (AGS) NavWeaps.com, 26 February 2017 it was designed to provide long-range naval gunfire support against shore-based targets. A total of six of the systems were installed, two on each of the three ''Zumwalt''-class ships. The Navy has no plans for additional ''Zumwalt''-class ships, and no plans to deploy AGS on any other ship. AGS can only use ammunition designed specifically for the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Standard Missile
Standard Missile refers to a family of American-made shipborne guided missiles: * RIM-66 Standard (SM-1MR/SM-2MR), a medium-range surface-to-air missile, the successor of the RIM-24 Tartar surface-to-air missile, currently in use by the U.S. Navy and many other navies around the world * RIM-67 Standard (SM-1ER/SM-2ER), an extended-range surface-to-air missile, the successor of the RIM-2 Terrier surface-to-air missile, withdrawn from service because it was too long to fit into vertical launching system equipped ships * AGM-78 Standard ARM, a long-range air-launched anti-radiation missile used by the U.S. Navy and the U.S. Air Force during the War in Vietnam * AIM-97 Seekbat, XAIM-97A Seekbat, a proposed long range air-to-air missile, based on the AGM-78, development was cancelled at the flight testing stage. * RIM-67 Standard , RIM-156A Standard, an extended-range surface-to-air missile, a VLS version of the RIM-67 Standard * RIM-161 Standard Missile 3 (SM-3), a ship-launched anti-b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vertical Launching System
A vertical launching system (VLS) is an advanced system for holding and firing missiles on mobile naval platforms, such as surface ships and submarines. Each vertical launch system consists of a number of ''cells'', which can hold one or more missiles ready for firing. Typically, each cell can hold a number of different types of missiles, allowing the ship flexibility to load the best set for any given mission. Further, when new missiles are developed, they are typically fitted to the existing vertical launch systems of that nation, allowing existing ships to use new types of missiles without expensive rework. When the command is given, the missile flies straight up far enough to clear the cell and the ship, then turns onto the desired course. A VLS allows surface combatants to have a greater number of weapons ready for firing at any given time compared to older launching systems such as the Mark 13 missile launcher, Mark 13 single-arm and Mark 26 missile launcher, Mark 26 t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
BGM-109 Tomahawk
The BGM-109 Tomahawk () Land Attack Missile (TLAM) is an American long-range, all-weather, jet-powered, Subsonic flight, subsonic cruise missile that is primarily used by the United States Navy and Royal Navy in ship and submarine-based land-attack operations. Developed at the Applied Physics Laboratory of Johns Hopkins University under James H. Walker near Laurel, Maryland, the Tomahawk emerged in the 1970s as a modular cruise missile first manufactured by General Dynamics. The Tomahawk aimed to fulfill the need for a medium- to long-range, low-altitude missile with diverse capabilities. Its modular design allows for compatibility with a range of warheads, including high-explosive, submunitions, and bunker-busters. The Tomahawk can use a variety of guidance systems, including Global Positioning System, GPS, Inertial navigation system, inertial navigation, and TERCOM, terrain contour matching. Over a dozen variants and upgraded versions have been developed since the original desi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
5"/54 Caliber Mark 45 Gun
The 5-inch (127 mm)/54-caliber (Mk 45) lightweight gun is a U.S. naval artillery gun mount consisting of a L54 Mark 19 gun on the Mark 45 mount. It was designed and built by United Defense, a company later acquired by BAE Systems Land & Armaments, which continued manufacture. The latest 62-calibre-long version consists of a longer-barrel L62 Mark 36 gun fitted on the same Mark 45 mount. The gun is designed for use against surface warships, anti-aircraft and shore bombardment to support amphibious operations. The gun mount features an automatic loader with a capacity of 20 rounds. These can be fired under full automatic control, taking a little over a minute to exhaust those rounds at maximum fire rate. For sustained use, the gun mount would be occupied by a six-person crew (gun captain, panel operator, and four ammunition loaders) below deck to keep the gun continuously supplied with ammunition. History Development started in the 1960s as a replacement for the 5-inch (127 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Extended Range Guided Munition
The Extended Range Guided Munition was a precision guided rocket-assisted 5-inch (127 mm) shell (projectile) development by Raytheon for the U.S. Navy. The program was cancelled in March 2008 after twelve years of development and over 600 million dollars in funding. The developmental round was designated EX 171. ERGM consisted of three major subsections: propulsion (rocket motor), warhead, and Guidance, Navigation and Control section. ERGM is fired from the 127 mm (5-inch) 62-caliber 5-inch/54-caliber Mark 45 gun#Variants, Mark 45 gun Mod 4, at which point the fins would deploy and the rocket motor would ignite, lifting the munition to at least , after which the Canard (aeronautics), canards would deploy and guide the ERGM to the target using GPS guidance. It was to be used on s hulls DDG-81 onward. A similar system (though for MLRS) developed by Saab AB, SAAB and Boeing reached production in 2019 and is known as the GLSDB. Synopsis Despite the long development time, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elmo Zumwalt
Elmo Russell "Bud" Zumwalt Jr. (November 29, 1920 – January 2, 2000) was a United States Navy officer and the youngest person to serve as Chief of Naval Operations. As an Admiral (United States), admiral and later the 19th Chief of Naval Operations, Zumwalt played a major role in United States military history, especially during the Vietnam War. A decorated war veteran, Zumwalt reformed United States Navy personnel policies in an effort to improve enlisted life and ease racial tensions. After he retired from a 32-year navy career, he launched an 1976 United States Senate election in Virginia, unsuccessful campaign for the United States Senate. Early life and education Zumwalt was born in San Francisco, California, the son of Elmo Russell Zumwalt, and his wife, Frances Pearl (née Frank) Zumwalt, both country doctors. Frances was raised Jewish, the daughter of Julius and Sarah Frank of Burlington, Vermont. His family moved to Tulare, California, where he grew up. She became estr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zumwalt-class (DDG-1000) Artist's Conception
The ''Zumwalt''-class destroyer is a class of three United States Navy guided-missile destroyers designed as multi-mission stealth ships with a focus on land attack. The class was designed with a primary role of naval gunfire support and secondary roles of surface warfare and anti-aircraft warfare. The class design emerged from the DD-21 "land attack destroyer" program as "DD(X)" and was intended to take the role of battleships in meeting a congressional mandate for naval fire support. The ship is designed around its two Advanced Gun Systems (AGS), turrets with 920 round magazines, and unique Long Range Land Attack Projectile (LRLAP) ammunition. LRLAP procurement was canceled, rendering the guns unusable, so the Navy re-purposed the ships for surface warfare. Starting in 2023, the Navy will remove the AGS from the ships and replace them with hypersonic missiles. The ships are classed as destroyers, but they are much larger than any other active destroyers or cruisers in the U.S. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
