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Ruthven Printing Press
The Ruthven printing press was invented and manufactured by John Ruthven of Edinburgh, Scotland, from 1819 to 1822. The Ruthven press was an iron bed press which functioned by means of an unconventional platen which rolled over a stationary table which held the type, where the pressure on the type faces was exerted from below, instead of in the conventional method where pressure was applied from above. The platen is supported by two iron springs, under which are four brass bevelled wheels which move along on two tracks made of bevelled steel. After the impression is made the springs give way, and consequently rise up. The press overall incorporated a number of other rather complex mechanical components, the details of which are beyond the scope of this article. The press was smaller in size than most presses of this period, easier to use, and subsequently it quickly established a favorable reputation for itself among English printers. Moran, 1973, p. 71 The Ruthven printing press ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ruthven Printing Press Schematic
Ruthven may refer to: Places Scotland * Ruthven, Aberdeenshire, a village * Ruthven, Angus, a village ** Ruthven Castle, Angus * Ruthven, Badenoch, Highland ** Ruthven Barracks, Highland * Ruthven Castle (other) * Loch Ruthven, nature reserve to the south west of Inverness * Aberuthven, a village in Perth and Kinross Australia * Ruthven Mansions, heritage-listed building in Adelaide, South Australia * Ruthven railway station, Melbourne, Victoria * Ruthven, New South Wales, an area in the City of Lismore Elsewhere * Ruthven, Iowa, US * Ruthven, part of Kingsville, Ontario, Canada * Ruthven Bluff, Antarctica People * Clan Ruthven, a Scottish clan * Baron Ruthven of Gowrie, a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom * Lord Ruthven (other), a title in the peerage of Scotland and several people Surname * Alexander Ruthven (1580–1600), Scottish nobleman * Alexander Grant Ruthven (1882–1971), American herpetologist and President of the University of Michig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edinburgh
Edinburgh is the capital city of Scotland and one of its 32 Council areas of Scotland, council areas. The city is located in southeast Scotland and is bounded to the north by the Firth of Forth and to the south by the Pentland Hills. Edinburgh had a population of in , making it the List of towns and cities in Scotland by population, second-most populous city in Scotland and the List of cities in the United Kingdom, seventh-most populous in the United Kingdom. The Functional urban area, wider metropolitan area had a population of 912,490 in the same year. Recognised as the capital of Scotland since at least the 15th century, Edinburgh is the seat of the Scottish Government, the Scottish Parliament, the Courts of Scotland, highest courts in Scotland, and the Palace of Holyroodhouse, the official residence of the Monarchy of the United Kingdom, British monarch in Scotland. It is also the annual venue of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland. The city has long been a cent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Newman
Newman is a surname of Germanic Anglo-Saxon origins. Newman is the modern English form of the name used in Great Britain and among people of British ancestry around the world (as is 'Numan'), while Neumann (with variant spellings) is used in Germany, Switzerland, and Austria, and to some degree in Netherlands and Belgium. Both have their its origins in the pre-7th-century (Old English) word '' neowe'' meaning "new", with ''mann'', meaning man. Its first recorded uses were Godwin Nieweman in Oxfordshire, England, in 1169, and in Germany, Herman Nyeman of Barth in 1325. It was mostly likely originally used as a nickname for a recent arrival or settler. Related surnames include Neuman, Naumann(s), Numan, Nauman, and Neiman. The surname Newman is widespread in the core Anglosphere. A list follows of notable people with the surname. A *Abram Newman (1736–1799), British grocer *Adrian Newman (other), multiple people *Al Newman (born 1960), American baseball player *Ala ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lamp Black
Carbon black (with subtypes acetylene black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black and thermal black) is a material produced by the incomplete combustion of coal tar, vegetable matter, or petroleum products, including fuel oil, fluid catalytic cracking tar, and ethylene cracking in a limited supply of air. Carbon black is a form of paracrystalline carbon that has a high surface-area-to-volume ratio, albeit lower than that of activated carbon. It is dissimilar to soot in its much higher surface-area-to-volume ratio and significantly lower (negligible and non-bioavailable) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) content. Carbon black is used as a colorant and reinforcing filler in tires and other rubber products and as a pigment and wear protection additive in plastics, paints, and ink pigment. It is used in the EU as a food colorant when produced from vegetable matter (E153). The current International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) evaluation is that, "Carbon black is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treacle
Treacle () is any uncrystallised syrup made during the refining of sugar.Oxford Dictionary The most common forms of treacle are golden syrup, a pale variety, and black treacle, a darker variety similar to molasses. Black treacle has a distinctively strong, slightly bitter flavour, and a richer colour than golden syrup. Golden syrup treacle is a common sweetener and condiment in British cuisine, found in such dishes as treacle tart and treacle sponge pudding. Etymology Historically, the Middle English term was used by herbalists and Apothecary, apothecaries to describe a medicine (also called ''theriac'' or ''theriaca''), composed of many ingredients, that was used as an antidote for poisons, snakebites, and various other ailments. ''Triacle'' comes from the Old French , in turn from (unattested and reconstructed) Vulgar Latin , which comes from Latin , the latinization (literature), latinisation of the Ancient Greek language, Greek (), the feminine of (), 'concerning venomous ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adam Ramage
Adam Ramage (1771/72 – July 9, 1850) was an American printing press manufacturer and the originator of Ramage printing press, a "one-pull" printing press. He is noted for being one of the most important printing press makers and innovators of his day, and the primary press-builder in the United States during the beginning of the 19th century. Ramage was one of the first press makers to incorporate an iron printing bed into the apparatus. The advent of printing was the primary way information was passed on from town to town, colony to colony, state to state, and functioned as a news network during its early years. Early life Born at Harlawmuir near Carlops in Scotland, Ramage, originally a cabinet maker by trade, emigrated to Philadelphia in the United States in June 1795, one among many printers from Scotland who established themselves in Philadelphia, the foremost city in America for printing and publishing at that time. Wroth, 1938, p. 69 Ramage was a great admirer of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George E
George may refer to: Names * George (given name) * George (surname) People * George (singer), American-Canadian singer George Nozuka, known by the mononym George * George Papagheorghe, also known as Jorge / GEØRGE * George, stage name of Giorgio Moroder * George, son of Andrew I of Hungary Places South Africa * George, South Africa, a city ** George Airport United States * George, Iowa, a city * George, Missouri, a ghost town * George, Washington, a city * George County, Mississippi * George Air Force Base, a former U.S. Air Force base located in California Computing * George (algebraic compiler) also known as 'Laning and Zierler system', an algebraic compiler by Laning and Zierler in 1952 * GEORGE (computer), early computer built by Argonne National Laboratory in 1957 * GEORGE (operating system), a range of operating systems (George 1–4) for the ICT 1900 range of computers in the 1960s * GEORGE (programming language), an autocode system invented by Charles Le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Early American Publishers And Printers
Early American publishers and printers played a central role in the social, religious, political and commercial development of the Thirteen Colonies in British America prior to and during the American Revolution and the ensuing American Revolutionary War that established American independence. The first printing press in the British colonies was established in Cambridge, Massachusetts by owner Elizabeth Glover and printer Stephen Daye. Here, the Oath of a Freeman, first colonial broadside, almanack, and Bay Psalm Book, book were published. Printing and publishing in the colonies first emerged as a result of religious enthusiasm and over the scarcity and subsequent great demand for bibles and other religious literature. By the mid-18th century, printing took on new proportions with the newspapers that began to emerge, especially in Boston. When the British Crown began imposing new taxes, many of these newspapers became highly critical and outspoken about the British colonial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Printing
Printing is a process for mass reproducing text and images using a master form or template. The earliest non-paper products involving printing include cylinder seals and objects such as the Cyrus Cylinder and the Cylinders of Nabonidus. The earliest known form of printing as applied to paper was woodblock printing, which appeared in China before 220 AD for cloth printing. However, it would not be applied to paper until the seventh century.Shelagh Vainker in Anne Farrer (ed), "Caves of the Thousand Buddhas", 1990, British Museum publications, Later developments in printing technology include the movable type invented by Bi Sheng around 1040 AD and the printing press invented by Johannes Gutenberg in the 15th century. The technology of printing played a key role in the development of the Renaissance and the Scientific Revolution and laid the material basis for the modern knowledge-based economy and the spread of learning to the masses. History Woodblock printing Woodblo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
