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Runway Collision
A runway incursion is an Aviation accidents and incidents, aviation incident involving improper positioning of vehicles or people on any runway, airport runway or its Critical_area_(aeronautics), protected area. When an incursion involves an ''active'' runway being used by arriving or departing aircraft, the potential for a collision hazard or Instrument landing system, instrument landing system (ILS) interference can exist. At present, various runway safety technologies and processes are commonly employed to reduce the risk and potential consequences of such an event. Definition The internationally-accepted definition of a runway incursion is: In the United States, the FAA classifies runway incursions into 3 types, with 5 levels of severity: Analysis Formal study of runway incursions began in the 1980s, following several high-profile Near miss (safety), near misses and fatal collisions of airliners operating on airport surfaces. One of the earliest reports on the topic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2007 San Francisco International Airport Runway Incursion
The 2007 San Francisco International Airport runway incursion occurred around 1:36 p.m. PDT on May 26, 2007, when SkyWest Airlines Flight 5741, an Embraer EMB 120 Brasilia turboprop aircraft, nearly collided with Republic Airways Flight 4912, an Embraer 170 Regional Jet, at the intersection of Runways 1L and 28R at San Francisco International Airport (SFO). There were no injuries to occupants and no damage to either aircraft. Federal Aviation Administration officials described the runway incursion as the most serious incident of its kind in at least a decade, and the National Transportation Safety Board carried out an investigation into the incident. Aircraft The first aircraft involved was an Embraer ERJ 170-100SU, registered as N872RW, MSN 17000143, that was manufactured in 2006. It was equipped with two General Electric CF34-8E5 engines. The second aircraft involved was an Embraer EMB-120ER Brasilia, registered as N232SW, MSN 120306. Incident The SkyWest aircraf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1985 In Aviation
This is a list of aviation-related events from 1985. Events * Lauda Air begins flight operations as a charter and air taxi service. It began scheduled service in 1987. *Ryanair is founded, initially as a full-service carrier. * Emirates Airlines is founded, with the help of the Government of Dubai and Pakistan International Airlines. January * January 1 ** In the Iran–Iraq War, the Iraqi Air Force begins the year with a strength of 500 operational aircraft and 40,000 men including air defense troops, while the Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force has 40,000 men but only 60 to 80 operational aircraft. ** Flying at night in poor weather, Eastern Air Lines Flight 980, a Boeing 727, crashes into Bolivias Mount Illimani at an altitude of , killing all 29 people on board. The wreckage was not discovered until 2016. ** The United States Governments Civil Aeronautics Board is abolished in accordance with the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978. * January 5 – Operation Moses – a co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1990 Wayne County Airport Runway Collision
On December 3, 1990, two Northwest Airlines jetliners collided at Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport. Flight 1482, a scheduled McDonnell Douglas DC-9, Douglas DC-9-14 operating from Detroit to Pittsburgh International Airport, taxiing, taxied by mistake onto an active runway in dense fog and was hit by a departing Boeing 727 operating as Flight 299 to Memphis International Airport. One member of the crew and seven passengers of the DC-9 were killed. Accident Northwest Airlines Flight 1482, a Douglas DC-9-14, was cleared from the gate toward Runway 03C, but it missed turning onto Taxiway Oscar6 and instead entered the outer taxiway. To correct the error, the crew was instructed to turn right onto Taxiway X-ray, but they instead turned onto the active runway, 03C. They realized the mistake and contacted air traffic control, which instructed them to leave the runway immediately. Five seconds later (at 13:45 EST), the crew saw the Boeing 727, Northwest Flight 299 to Memphis, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northwest Airlines
Northwest Airlines (often abbreviated as NWA) was a major airline in the United States that operated from 1926 until it Delta Air Lines–Northwest Airlines merger, merged with Delta Air Lines in 2010. The merger made Delta the largest airline in the world until the American Airlines Group#Merger proposals and plans, American Airlines–US Airways merger in 2013. Northwest was headquartered in Eagan, Minnesota, near Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport. After World War II, it became dominant in the trans-Pacific market with a hub in Tokyo, Japan (initially Haneda Airport, later Narita International Airport). In response to United Airlines' 1985 acquisition of Pan Am's Pacific routes, Northwest paid $884 million to purchase Republic Airlines and then established fortress hubs at Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport and Memphis International Airport. With this merger, NWA established the domestic network necessary to feed its well-established Pacific routes. Lackin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States General Accounting Office
The United States Government Accountability Office (GAO) is an independent, nonpartisan government agency within the legislative branch that provides auditing, evaluative, and investigative services for the United States Congress. It is the supreme audit institution of the federal government of the United States. It identifies its core "mission values" as: accountability, integrity, and reliability. It is also known as the "congressional watchdog". The agency is headed by the Comptroller General of the United States. The comptroller general is appointed by the president with the advice and consent of the Senate. When a vacancy occurs in the office of the comptroller general, Congress establishes a commission to recommend individuals to the president. The commission consists of the following: *the speaker of the United States House of Representatives *the president pro tempore of the United States Senate *the majority and minority leaders of the House of Representatives and the S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Traffic Collision Avoidance System
A traffic alert and collision avoidance system (TCAS), pronounced ), also known as an Airborne Collision Avoidance System (ACAS), is an aircraft collision avoidance system designed to reduce the incidence of mid-air collision (MAC) between aircraft. It monitors the airspace around an aircraft for other aircraft equipped with a corresponding active Transponder (aviation), transponder, independent of air traffic control, and warns pilots of the presence of other transponder-equipped aircraft which may present a threat of MAC. It is a type of airborne collision avoidance system mandated by the International Civil Aviation Organization to be fitted to all aircraft with a maximum take-off mass (MTOM) of over or authorized to carry more than 19 passengers. In the United States, Federal Aviation Regulations, CFR 14, Ch I, part 135 requires that TCAS I be installed for aircraft with 10–30 passengers and TCAS II for aircraft with more than 30 passengers. ACAS/TCAS is based on secondary su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Accountability Office
The United States Government Accountability Office (GAO) is an independent, nonpartisan government agency within the legislative branch that provides auditing, evaluative, and investigative services for the United States Congress. It is the supreme audit institution of the federal government of the United States. It identifies its core "mission values" as: accountability, integrity, and reliability. It is also known as the "congressional watchdog". The agency is headed by the Comptroller General of the United States. The comptroller general is appointed by the president with the advice and consent of the Senate. When a vacancy occurs in the office of the comptroller general, Congress establishes a commission to recommend individuals to the president. The commission consists of the following: *the speaker of the United States House of Representatives *the president pro tempore of the United States Senate *the majority and minority leaders of the House of Representatives and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Professional Development
Professional development, also known as professional education, is learning that leads to or emphasizes education in a specific professional career field or builds practical job applicable skills emphasizing Praxis (process), praxis in addition to the transferable skills and Theory, theoretical academic knowledge found in traditional Liberal arts education, liberal arts and Basic research, pure sciences education. It is used to earn or maintain professional credentials such as professional certifications or academic degrees through formal coursework at institutions known as professional schools, or attending conferences and informal learning opportunities to strengthen or gain new skills. Professional education has been described as intensive and collaborative, ideally incorporating an evaluative stage.Speck, M. & Knipe, C. (2005) ''Why can't we get it right? Designing high-quality professional development for standards-based schools''(2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks: Corwin Press There i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Human Factors And Ergonomics
Humans (''Homo sapiens'') or modern humans are the most common and widespread species of primate, and the last surviving species of the genus ''Homo''. They are great apes characterized by their hairlessness, bipedalism, and high intelligence. Humans have large brains, enabling more advanced cognitive skills that facilitate successful adaptation to varied environments, development of sophisticated tools, and formation of complex social structures and civilizations. Humans are highly social, with individual humans tending to belong to a multi-layered network of distinct social groups — from families and peer groups to corporations and political states. As such, social interactions between humans have established a wide variety of values, social norms, languages, and traditions (collectively termed institutions), each of which bolsters human society. Humans are also highly curious: the desire to understand and influence phenomena has motivated humanity's de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Airport Movement Area Safety System
Airport surveillance and broadcast systems are a set of runway-safety tools that display aircraft on and near an airport. The United States National Transportation Safety Board recommends installation at all major airports as soon as possible, as the technology prevents collisions. Airport Movement Area Safety System The Airport Movement Area Safety System (AMASS) visually and aurally prompts tower controllers to respond to situations which potentially compromise safety. AMASS is an add-on enhancement to the host Airport Surface Detection Equipment Model 3 (ASDE-3) radar that provides automated aural alerts to potential runway incursions and other hazards. AMASS extends the capability of the ASDE-3 and enhances surface movement safety. The system operates with ground and approach sensor systems to ascertain aircraft locations in approaching and ground movement situations. It uses airport radars, state-of-the-art signal processing, and advanced computer technology to improve airpo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federal Aviation Administration
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is a Federal government of the United States, U.S. federal government agency within the United States Department of Transportation, U.S. Department of Transportation that regulates civil aviation in the United States and surrounding international waters. Its powers include air traffic control, certification of personnel and aircraft, setting standards for airports, and protection of U.S. assets during the launch or re-entry of commercial space vehicles. Powers over neighboring international waters were delegated to the FAA by authority of the International Civil Aviation Organization. The FAA was created in as the Federal Aviation Agency, replacing the Civil Aeronautics Administration (United States), Civil Aeronautics Administration (CAA). In 1967, the FAA became part of the newly formed U.S. Department of Transportation and was renamed the Federal Aviation Administration. Major functions The FAA's roles include: *Regulating U.S. co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
