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Rulers Of Transylvania
These are lists of political office-holders in Transylvania, from the 10th century, until 1867. * Count of the Székelys – royal officials appointed from the first half of the 13th century to the second half of the 15th century to lead the Székelys independently of the voivodes. ** List of counts of the Székelys * Duke of Transylvania – members of the royal family bearing the title duke in the 13th and 14th centuries ** List of dukes of Transylvania * Voivode of Transylvania – great officials of the realm appointed by the monarchs to administer parts of Transylvania (includes a list of the ''sovereigns appointing them'') ** List of voivodes of Transylvania (12th–16th century) * Prince of Transylvania – monarchs of the Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711) under Ottoman suzerainty ** List of princes of Transylvania (1570–1711) *** List of princesses consort of Transylvania (1570–1711) * During the (Grand) Principality of Transylvania (1711–1867), the ti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wappen Großfürstentum Siebenbürgen
A coat of arms is a heraldry, heraldic communication design, visual design on an escutcheon (heraldry), escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the last two being outer garments), originating in Europe. The coat of arms on an escutcheon forms the central element of the full achievement (heraldry), heraldic achievement, which in its whole consists of a shield, supporters, a crest (heraldry), crest, and a motto. A coat of arms is traditionally unique to the armiger (e.g. an individual person, family, state, organization, school or corporation). The term "coat of arms" itself, describing in modern times just the heraldic design, originates from the description of the entire medieval chainmail "surcoat" garment used in combat or preparation for the latter. Roll of arms, Rolls of arms are collections of many coats of arms, and since the early Modern Age centuries, they have been a source of information for public showing and tracing the membership of a nobility, noble family, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Principality Of Transylvania (1711–1867)
The Principality of Transylvania, from 1765 the Grand Principality of Transylvania, was a Lands of the Hungarian Crown, realm of the Hungarian Crown ruled by the Habsburg and Habsburg-Lorraine monarchs of the Habsburg monarchy (later Austrian Empire) and governed by mostly Hungarians. After the Ottomans were ousted from most of the territories of medieval Kingdom of Hungary, and after the failure of Rákóczi's War of Independence (1703–1711), the Habsburg dynasty claimed the former territories of the Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711), Principality of Transylvania under the capacity of their title of "King of Hungary". During the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, the Hungarian government proclaimed union with Transylvania in the April Laws of 1848 (after the Transylvanian Diet's confirmation on 30 May and the Ferdinand I of Austria, king's approval on 10 June for Transylvania to become once again an integral part of Hungary). After the failure of the revolution, the March ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lists Of Princes
A list is a set of discrete items of information collected and set forth in some format for utility, entertainment, or other purposes. A list may be memorialized in any number of ways, including existing only in the mind of the list-maker, but lists are frequently written down on paper, or maintained electronically. Lists are "most frequently a tool", and "one does not ''read'' but only ''uses'' a list: one looks up the relevant information in it, but usually does not need to deal with it as a whole".Lucie Doležalová,The Potential and Limitations of Studying Lists, in Lucie Doležalová, ed., ''The Charm of a List: From the Sumerians to Computerised Data Processing'' (2009). Purpose It has been observed that, with a few exceptions, "the scholarship on lists remains fragmented". David Wallechinsky, a co-author of ''The Book of Lists'', described the attraction of lists as being "because we live in an era of overstimulation, especially in terms of information, and lists help us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hungary History-related Lists
Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning much of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia and Slovenia to the southwest, and Austria to the west. Hungary lies within the drainage basin of the Danube River and is dominated by great lowland plains. It has a population of 9.6 million, consisting mostly of ethnic Hungarians (Magyars) and a significant Romani minority. Hungarian is the official language, and among the few in Europe outside the Indo-European family. Budapest is the country's capital and largest city, and the dominant cultural and economic centre. Prior to the foundation of the Hungarian state, various peoples settled in the territory of present-day Hungary, including the Celts, Romans, Huns, Germanic peoples, Avars and Slavs. Hungarian statehood is traced to the Principality of Hungary, which was established in the late ninth cen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political Office-holders In Transylvania
Politics () is the set of activities that are associated with making decisions in groups, or other forms of power relations among individuals, such as the distribution of status or resources. The branch of social science that studies politics and government is referred to as political science. Politics may be used positively in the context of a "political solution" which is compromising and non-violent, or descriptively as "the art or science of government", but the word often also carries a negative connotation.. The concept has been defined in various ways, and different approaches have fundamentally differing views on whether it should be used extensively or in a limited way, empirically or normatively, and on whether conflict or co-operation is more essential to it. A variety of methods are deployed in politics, which include promoting one's own political views among people, negotiation with other political subjects, making laws, and exercising internal and external forc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Chancellors Of Transylvania
The following is the list of chancellors of Transylvania during the Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711) and the (Grand) Principality of Transylvania (1711–1867). List of chancellors Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711), Principality of Transylvania Principality of Transylvania (1711–1867), Habsburg rule The Transylvanian Court Chancellery was established in 1694, according to the ''Diploma Leopoldinum'', modeled on its Hungarian counterpart. Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor, Leopold I also created the Gubernium ("Governorate") which was the main governmental body of Transylvania until the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867. During the reign of Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor, Joseph II the Hungarian and Transylvanian Court Chancelleries were merged in 1787. The King withdrew his, among others, regulation on his deathbed. See also * Governor of Transylvania * List of rulers of Transylvania * Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711) * Voivode of Transylvania Ref ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viceroy
A viceroy () is an official who reigns over a polity in the name of and as the representative of the monarch of the territory. The term derives from the Latin prefix ''vice-'', meaning "in the place of" and the Anglo-Norman ''roy'' (Old French ''roi'', ''roy''), meaning "king". This denotes the position as one who acts on behalf of a king or monarch. A viceroy's territory may be called a viceroyalty, though this term is not always applied. The adjective form is ''viceregal'', less often ''viceroyal''. The term ''vicereine'' is sometimes used to indicate a female viceroy '' suo jure'', although ''viceroy'' can serve as a gender-neutral term. Vicereine is more commonly used to indicate a viceroy's wife, known as the ''viceregal consort''. The term has occasionally been applied to the governors-general of the Commonwealth realms, who are ''viceregal'' representatives of the monarch. The position of a viceroy is by royal appointment rather than a noble rank. An individual vicer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Governor Of Transylvania
The governor of Transylvania was a viceroy representing the Habsburg monarchs in the Principality (from 1765 Grand Principality) of Transylvania between 1691 and 1867. List of governors Seventeenth century Eighteenth century Nineteenth century See also * List of rulers of Transylvania * List of chancellors of Transylvania * Voivode of Transylvania The Voivode of Transylvania (;Fallenbüchl 1988, p. 77. ;Zsoldos 2011, p. 36. ; ) was the highest-ranking official in Transylvania within the Kingdom of Hungary from the 12th century to the 16th century. Appointed by the King of Hun ... Footnotes References * Fallenbüchl, Zoltán (1988). ''Magyarország főméltóságai'' High Dignitaries in Hungary Maecenas Könyvkiadó. . * Markó, László: A magyar állam főméltóságai Szent Istvántól napjainkig – Életrajzi Lexikon. ''(The High Officers of the Hungarian State from Saint Stephen to the Present Days – A Biographical Encyclopedia)'' ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grand Title Of The Emperor Of Austria
The grand title of the emperor of Austria () was the vast lists of the crowns, titles, and dignities which the emperors of Austria carried from the foundation of the empire in 1804 until the end of the monarchy in 1918. After the House of Habsburg established itself in the 11th century, it grew in power. Vast numbers of domains were added to its empire in Central and Eastern Europe and Western Europe. The throne of the Holy Roman Empire was continuously occupied by the Habsburgs between 1438 and 1740, and again between 1745 and the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806. The house also produced kings of Bohemia, Germany, Hungary, Croatia, Portugal, Spain, England and Ireland, as well as rulers of Dutch and Italian principalities amongst others. The Austrian Empire was declared as the Holy Roman Empire dissolved itself and became a successor state. The former Holy Roman Emperor Francis II became the Emperor of Austria. In accordance with tradition and the titles that were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Princesses Consort Of Transylvania
This is a list of princesses consort of the Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711). In this era, Transylvania was a vassal state of the Ottoman Empire, sometimes in dual vassalage with the Lands of the Hungarian Crown. Princess consort of Transylvania During the (Grand) Principality of Transylvania (1711–1867), the title of "Prince(ss) of Transylvania" (since 2 November 1765 "Grand Prince(ss)") was connected to the Habsburg kings and queens of Hungary (see List of Hungarian monarchs § House of Habsburg (1526–1780) and List of Hungarian monarchs § House of Habsburg-Lorraine (1780–1918)) until 1804, when it was added to the Grand title of the emperor of Austria. In practice, administration was performed by the Governor of Transylvania, a viceroy appointed by the Habsburg monarchs between 1691 and 1867. See also * Lists of political office-holders in Transylvania **Governor of Transylvania **Prince of Transylvania *List of Hungarian consorts *List of Polish c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transylvania
Transylvania ( or ; ; or ; Transylvanian Saxon dialect, Transylvanian Saxon: ''Siweberjen'') is a List of historical regions of Central Europe, historical and cultural region in Central Europe, encompassing central Romania. To the east and south its natural border are the Carpathian Mountains and to the west the Apuseni Mountains. Broader definitions of Transylvania also include the western and northwestern Romanian regions of Crișana and Maramureș, and occasionally Banat. Historical Transylvania also includes small parts of neighbouring Western Moldavia and even a small part of south-western neighbouring Bukovina to its north east (represented by Suceava County). Transylvania is known for the scenery of its Carpathian landscape and its rich history, coupled with its multi-cultural character. It also contains Romania's second-largest city, Cluj-Napoca, and other very well preserved medieval iconic cities and towns such as Brașov, Sibiu, Târgu Mureș, Bistrița, Alba Iuli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Princes Of Transylvania
This is a list of the Prince of Transylvania, princes of Transylvania. List of princes Sixteenth century Seventeenth century Eighteenth century See also * List of rulers of Transylvania * List of consorts of Transylvania Footnotes References * Bán, Péter (1989). Entry ''székely ispán'' in: Bán, Péter; ''Magyar történelmi fogalomtár, II. kötet: L–Zs'' ("Thesaurus of Terms of Hungarian History, Volume I: A–Zs"). Gondolat. . * Barta, Gábor (1994). ''The Emergence of the Principality and its First Crises (1526–1606)''. In: Köpeczi, Béla; Barta, Gábor; Bóna, István; Makkai, László; Szász, Zoltán; Borus, Judit; ''History of Transylvania''; Akadémiai Kiadó; . * Deák, Éva (2009). "Princeps non Principissa"'': Catherine of Brandenburg, Elected Prince of Transylvania (1630–1648)''. In: Cruz, Anne J.; Suzuki, Mihoko; ''The Rule of Women in Early Modern Europe; University of Illinois Press''; . * Fallenbüchl, Zoltán (1988). ''Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
