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Ruby Gems
RubyGems is a package manager for the Ruby programming language that provides a standard format for distributing Ruby programs and libraries (in a self-contained format called a "gem"), a tool designed to easily manage the installation of gems, and a server for distributing them. It was created by Chad Fowler, Jim Weirich, David Alan Black, Paul Brannan and Richard Kilmer during RubyConf 2004. The interface for RubyGems is a command-line tool called ''gem'' which can install and manage libraries (the gems). RubyGems integrates with Ruby run-time loader to help find and load installed gems from standardized library folders. Though it is possible to use a private RubyGems repository, the public repository is most commonly used for gem management. The public repository helps users find gems, resolve dependencies and install them. RubyGems is bundled with the standard Ruby package as of Ruby 1.9. History Development on RubyGems started in November 2003 and was released to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ruby (programming Language)
Ruby is an interpreted, high-level, general-purpose programming language which supports multiple programming paradigms. It was designed with an emphasis on programming productivity and simplicity. In Ruby, everything is an object, including primitive data types. It was developed in the mid-1990s by Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto in Japan. Ruby is dynamically typed and uses garbage collection and just-in-time compilation. It supports multiple programming paradigms, including procedural, object-oriented, and functional programming. According to the creator, Ruby was influenced by Perl, Smalltalk, Eiffel, Ada, BASIC, Java and Lisp. History Early concept Matsumoto has said that Ruby was conceived in 1993. In a 1999 post to the ''ruby-talk'' mailing list, he describes some of his early ideas about the language: Matsumoto describes the design of Ruby as being like a simple Lisp language at its core, with an object system like that of Smalltalk, blocks inspired by highe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pi Day
Pi Day is an annual celebration of the mathematical constant (pi). Pi Day is observed on March 14 (3/14 in the ''month/day'' format) since 3, 1, and 4 are the first three significant figures of . It was founded in 1988 by Larry Shaw, an employee of the San Francisco, California science museum, the Exploratorium. Celebrations often involve eating pie or holding pi recitation competitions. In 2009, the United States House of Representatives supported the designation of Pi Day.United States. Cong. House. Supporting the designation of Pi Day, and for other purposes. 111th CongLibrary of Congress UNESCO's 40th General Conference designated Pi Day as the International Day of Mathematics in November 2019. Alternative dates for the holiday include July 2222 July in the ''day/month'' format (22/7, an approximation of ) and June 28 (6.28, an approximation of 2 or tau). History In 1988, the earliest known official or large-scale celebration of Pi Day was organized by Larry Sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LuaRocks
LuaRocks is a package manager for the Lua programming language that provides a standard format for distributing Lua modules (in a self-contained format called a "rock"), a tool designed to easily manage the installation of rocks, and a server for distributing them. While not included with the Lua distribution, it has been called the "de facto package manager for community-contributed Lua modules". The interface for LuaRocks is a command-line tool called ''luarocks'' which can install libraries and manage Lua rocks. LuaRocks optionally integrates with Lua run-time loader to help find and load installed rocks while managing version dependencies. Though it is possible to use a private LuaRocks repository, the public repository is most commonly used for rocks management. As of December 2016, there are over 1,500 rocks in the public repository. The public repository helps users find rocks, resolve dependencies and install them. LuaRocks is compatible with Lua versions 5.1, 5.2 an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Npm (software)
npm (Pseudo-acronym, originally short for Node Package Manager) is a package manager for the JavaScript programming language maintained by npm, Inc., npm, Inc. npm is the default package manager for the JavaScript runtime environment Node.js. It consists of a command line client, also called npm, and an online database of public and paid-for private packages, called the npm registry. The registry is accessed via the client, and the available packages can be browsed and searched via the npm website. The package manager and the registry are managed by npm, Inc. Acronym npm is officially a "recursive backronym , bacronymic abbreviation for 'npm is not a package manager. However, the initial commit of npm referred to it as the "Node Package Manager". The expansion of the name was changed in 2014. History npm is written entirely in JavaScript and was developed by Isaac Z. Schlueter as a result of having "seen module packaging done terribly" and with inspiration from other si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pip (package Manager)
Pip is a package-management system written in Python and is used to install and manage software packages. The Python Software Foundation recommends using pip for installing Python applications and its dependencies during deployment. Pip connects to an online repository of public packages, called the Python Package Index. Pip can be configured to connect to other package repositories (local or remote), provided that they comply to Python Enhancement Proposal 503. Most distributions of Python come with pip preinstalled. Python 2.7.9 and later (on the python2 series), and Python 3.4 and later include pip by default. History First introduced as pyinstall in 2008 by Ian Bicking (the creator of the virtualenv package) as an alternative to easy install, pip was chosen as the new name from one of several suggestions that the creator received on his blog post. According to Bicking himself, the name is a recursive acronym for "Pip Installs Packages". In 2011, the Python Pack ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ruby Version Manager
Ruby Version Manager, often abbreviated as RVM, is a software platform for Unix-like operating systems designed to manage multiple installations of Ruby on the same device. The entire Ruby environment including the Ruby interpreter, installed RubyGems (gems), and documentation is partitioned. A developer can then switch between the different versions to work on several projects with different version requirements. In addition to MRI, the standard Ruby interpreter, RVM functions as an installer for various other implementations of Ruby. These include JRuby, mruby, MacRuby, IronRuby, Maglev Maglev (derived from '' magnetic levitation''), is a system of train transportation that uses two sets of electromagnets: one set to repel and push the train up off the track, and another set to move the elevated train ahead, taking advantag ..., Rubinius, Ruby Enterprise Edition, Topaz, and GoRuby (an interpreter optimized for code golf). In addition, RVM supports the installatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
OpenPGP
Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) is an encryption program that provides cryptographic privacy and authentication for data communication. PGP is used for signing, encrypting, and decrypting texts, e-mails, files, directories, and whole disk partitions and to increase the security of e-mail communications. Phil Zimmermann developed PGP in 1991. PGP and similar software follow the OpenPGP, an open standard of PGP encryption software, standard (RFC 4880) for encrypting and decrypting data. Design PGP encryption uses a serial combination of hashing, data compression, symmetric-key cryptography, and finally public-key cryptography; each step uses one of several supported algorithms. Each public key is bound to a username or an e-mail address. The first version of this system was generally known as a web of trust to contrast with the X.509 system, which uses a hierarchical approach based on certificate authority and which was added to PGP implementations later. Current versions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cryptographic Signature
A digital signature is a mathematical scheme for verifying the authenticity of digital messages or documents. A valid digital signature, where the prerequisites are satisfied, gives a recipient very high confidence that the message was created by a known sender ( authenticity), and that the message was not altered in transit ( integrity). Digital signatures are a standard element of most cryptographic protocol suites, and are commonly used for software distribution, financial transactions, contract management software, and in other cases where it is important to detect forgery or tampering. Digital signatures are often used to implement electronic signatures, which includes any electronic data that carries the intent of a signature, but not all electronic signatures use digital signatures. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RDoc
RDoc, designed by Dave Thomas (programmer), Dave Thomas, is an Documentation generator, embedded documentation generator for the Ruby programming language. It analyzes Ruby source code, generating a structured collection of pages for Ruby Object (computer science), objects and Method (computer programming), methods. Code Comment (computer programming), comments can be added in a natural style. RDoc is included as part of the Ruby core distribution. The RDoc software and format are successors to the Ruby Document format (with associated software RD). RDoc can produce usable documentation even if the target source code does not contain explicit comments as it will still Parsing, parse the Class (computer programming), classes, Modular programming, modules, and methods, and list them in the generated Application programming interface, API files. RDoc also provides the engine for creating Ruby ri data files, providing access to API information from the Command-line interface, command ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
README
"\n\n\n\n\n\n''README.txt: A Memoir'' is a 2022 memoir by Chelsea Manning. It covers her early life, experience as a soldier in the U.S. Army, and life and imprisonment after she leaked classified information to WikiLeaks WikiLeaks () is an international Nonprofit organization, non-profit organisation that published news leaks and classified media provided by anonymous Source (journalism), sources. Julian Assange, an Australian Internet activism, Internet acti ....\n\nIn the memoir, she explains that her boss, in late 2009, had recommended a State Department Net-Centric Diplomacy portal with its \"trove of diplomatic cables\" as possibly \"useful to us in our analytical work. I read every single one that related to Iraq, and then began to poke around in the rest of the database...\" On February 21, 2010, she leaked \"what would become known as the 'Collateral Murder' tape, which showed grainy aerial footage from July 2007 of an Apache helicopter air strike gone horribly wrong ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rake (software)
Rake is a software task management and build automation tool created by Jim Weirich. It allows the user to specify tasks and describe dependencies as well as to group tasks in a namespace. It is similar in to SCons and Make. It's written in the Ruby programming language and the Rakefiles (equivalent of Makefiles in Make) use Ruby syntax. Rake uses Ruby's anonymous function blocks to define various tasks, allowing the use of Ruby syntax. It has a library of common tasks: for example, functions to do common file-manipulation tasks and a library to remove compiled files (the "clean" task). Like Make, Rake can also synthesize tasks based on patterns: for example, automatically building a file compilation task based on filename patterns. Rake is now part of the standard library of Ruby from version 1.9 onward. Example Below is an example of a simple Rake script to build a C Hello World program. file 'hello.o' => 'hello.c' do sh 'cc -c -o hello.o hello.c' end file 'hello' => ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Computer Architecture
In computer engineering, computer architecture is a description of the structure of a computer system made from component parts. It can sometimes be a high-level description that ignores details of the implementation. At a more detailed level, the description may include the instruction set architecture design, microarchitecture design, logic design, and implementation. History The first documented computer architecture was in the correspondence between Charles Babbage and Ada Lovelace, describing the analytical engine. When building the computer Z1 (computer), Z1 in 1936, Konrad Zuse described in two patent applications for his future projects that machine instructions could be stored in the same storage used for data, i.e., the Stored-program computer, stored-program concept. Two other early and important examples are: * John von Neumann's 1945 paper, First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC, which described an organization of logical elements; and *Alan M. Turing, Alan Turing's mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
