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Rubenids
The Rubenids () or Roupenids were an Armenian dynasty who dominated parts of Cilicia, and who established the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia. The dynasty takes its name from its founder, the Armenian prince Ruben I. The Rubenids were princes, later kings, of Cilicia from around 1080 until they were surpassed by the Hethumids in the mid-thirteenth century. History The Rubenid dynasty was established when Ruben's great-grandson, Thoros, was appointed governor of a region in Cilicia by the Byzantine Emperor. Thoros expanded his territory and declared himself the ruler of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia in 1080. The Rubenids continued to rule Cilicia for over a century, with various members of the family taking the throne. Under the Rubenids, the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia flourished culturally and economically, with a vibrant artistic and literary scene. The Rubenid rulers also maintained close ties with the Crusaders, who recognized Cilicia as a Christian ally in the region. Howev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Monarchs Of The Armenian Kingdom Of Cilicia
The Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia was a state formed in the Middle Ages by Armenian refugees, who were fleeing the Seljuk invasion of Armenia. Poghosyan, S.; Katvalyan, M.; Grigoryan, G. et al. ''Cilician Armenia'' (Կիլիկյան Հայաստան). Soviet Armenian Encyclopedia. vol. v. Yerevan, Armenian SSR: Armenian Academy of Sciences, 1979, pp. 406–428 It was initially founded by the Rubenian dynasty, an offshoot of the larger Bagratid family that at various times held the thrones of Armenia and Georgia. While the Rubenian rulers were initially regional princes, their close ties with the Western world after the First Crusade saw the principality recognised as a kingdom under Leo I by the Holy Roman Empire in 1198. The Rubenid dynasty fell in 1252 after the death of the last Rubenid monarch Isabella, and her husband Hethum I became sole ruler, beginning the Hethumid dynasty. After the death of Leo IV in 1341 his cousin was elected to succeed him as Constantine II, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armenian Kingdom Of Cilicia
The Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, also known as Cilician Armenia, Lesser Armenia, Little Armenia or New Armenia, and formerly known as the Armenian Principality of Cilicia, was an Armenian state formed during the High Middle Ages by Armenian refugees fleeing the Seljuk invasion of Armenia., pp. 630–631. Located outside the Armenian Highlands and distinct from the Kingdom of Armenia of antiquity, it was centered in the Cilicia region northwest of the Gulf of Alexandretta. The kingdom had its origins in the principality founded by the Rubenid dynasty, an alleged offshoot of the larger Bagratuni dynasty, which at various times had held the throne of Armenia. Their capital was originally at Tarsus, and later moved to Sis. Cilicia was a strong ally of the European Crusaders, and saw itself as a bastion of Christendom in the East. It also served as a focal point for Armenian cultural production, since Armenia proper was under foreign occupation at the time. Cilicia's si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constantine I, Prince Of Armenia
Constantine I or Kostandin I (; 1035–1040 – 1100) was the second lord of Armenian Cilicia from 1095 to until about 1099. Early years He was the son of Roupen I. Constantine began leading the troops during 1090. The mastery of this mountain defile made possible the assessment of taxes on merchandise transported from the port of Ayas towards the central part of Asia Minor Anatolia (), also known as Asia Minor, is a peninsula in West Asia that makes up the majority of the land area of Turkey. It is the westernmost protrusion of Asia and is geographically bounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the south, the Aegean ..., a source of wealth to which the Roupenians owed their power. His rule After his father’s death in 1095, The crusaders, for their part, duly appreciated the aid of their Armenian allies. The ''Chronographie'' of Samuel of Ani records that Constantine died soon after a lightning bolt struck his table in the fortress of Vahka. He was buried in Castal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bagratuni Dynasty
The Bagratuni or Bagratid dynasty (, ) was an Armenian royal dynasty which ruled the medieval Kingdom of Armenia from until 1045. Originating as vassals of the Kingdom of Armenia of antiquity, they rose to become the most prominent Armenian noble family during the period of Arab rule in Armenia, eventually establishing their own independent kingdom. Their domain included regions of Armenia such as Shirak, Bagrevand, Kogovit, Syunik, Lori, Vaspurakan, Vanand and Taron. Many historians, such as Cyril Toumanoff, Nicholas Adontz and Ronald Suny, consider them to be the progenitors of the Georgian royal Bagrationi dynasty. Early history The name ''Bagratuni'' derives from ''Bagarat'' (), a Parthian variant of the Old Iranian name ''Bagadata'' ('God-given'). Historian Cyril Toumanoff speculated that a general of King Tigranes II of Armenia () named Bagadates may have been the earliest known member of the Bagratuni family, which first emerged as '' nakharars''—memb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ruben I, Prince Of Armenia
Ruben I, (; 1025/1035–1095) was the first lord of Armenian Cilicia from until his death. His descent and early years The Rubenids were descendants of the Bagratids. Death He was 70 (or 60) when he died; he was buried at the monastery of Castalon. Marriage and children The name of Roupen’s wife is unknown. His recorded children are: * Constantine I of Cilicia (1035/1055 – 24 February 1102 / 23 February 1103) *(?) Thoros of Marash (according to Rüdt-Collenberg, he was the brother of Constantine I) Notes References Bibliography * External links The Barony of Cilician Armenia(Kurkjian's History of Armenia, Ch. 27) {{DEFAULTSORT:Ruben I, Prince Of Armenia 11th-century births 1095 deaths 11th-century Armenian people Monarchs of the Rubenid dynasty 11th-century rulers of Armenian Cilicia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leo I, King Of Armenia
Leo II (; 1150 – 2 May 1219) was the tenth lord of Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, Armenian Cilicia, ruling from 1187 to 1219, and the first king to be crowned, in 1198/9 (sometimes known as Levon I the Magnificent). Leo eagerly led his kingdom alongside the armies of the Third Crusade and provided the crusaders with provisions, guides, pack animals and all manner of aid. He was consecrated as king in January 1198 or 1199. Early years He was the younger son of Stephen of Armenia, Stephen, the third son of Leo I, Prince of Armenia, Leo I, lord of Armenian Cilicia. His mother was Rita of Barbaron, Rita, a daughter of Sempad, Lord of Barbaron. Leo's father, who was on his way to attend a banquet given by the Byzantine Empire, Byzantine governor of Cilicia, Andronicus Euphorbenus, was murdered on 7 February 1165. Following their father's death, Leo and his elder brother Roupen lived with their uncle. Their paternal uncle, Mleh, Prince of Armenia, Mleh I, lord of Armenian Cilicia had ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ruben III, Prince Of Armenia
Ruben III (), also Roupen III, Rupen III, or Reuben III, (1145 – Monastery of Drazark, May 6, 1187) was the ninth lord of Armenian Cilicia (1175–1187). Roupen remained always friendly to the Crusaders in spirit. He was a just and good prince, and created many pious foundations within his domains. His life He was the eldest son of Stephen, the third son of Leo I, lord of Armenian Cilicia. His mother was Rita, a daughter of Sempad, Lord of Barbaron. Roupen's father was murdered on February 7, 1165. Roupen was in charge of Cilicia following the murder of his paternal uncle, Mleh on May 15, 1175. On 4 February 1181/3 February 1182 he married Isabella of Toron, daughter of Humphrey III of Toron. Before Roupen's 1188 death, Levon became the new ruler. Marriage and children # (4 February 1181 – 3 February 1182) Isabella of Toron, a daughter of Humphrey III of Toron and Stephanie of Milly *Alice (1182 – after 1234), the wife firstly of Hethum of Sassoun, secondly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mleh, Prince Of Armenia
Mleh I (), also Meleh I, (before 1120 – Sis, May 15, 1175) was the eighth lord of Armenian Cilicia (1170–1175). Soon after the death of Nur ed-Din (the ''emir'' of Aleppo), Mleh was overthrown by his nephew, Ruben III. Early life Mleh was the fourth son of Leo I, lord of Armenian Cilicia. The name and the origin of his mother are not known with certainty. It is possible that she was a daughter of Count Hugh I of Rethel, or she might have been the daughter of Gabriel of Melitene. All Cilicia remained under Byzantine rule for eight years. In the service of Nur ed-Din Mleh converted to Islam from Armenian Apostolic Christianity. Afterwards, he ruled Cyrrhus. Rule On March 10, 1171, Amalric I left Acre for Constantinople where he made a treaty with the Emperor Manuel I Comnenos. During 1171, Mleh attacked Count Stephen I of Sancerre in Cilicia while he travelled from the Holy Land to Constantinople. He was buried in Medzkar. Marriage and child Mleh married an un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isabella, Queen Of Armenia
Isabella (; 27 January 1216/ 25 January 1217 – 23 January 1252), also Isabel or Zabel, was queen regnant of Armenian Cilicia from 1219 until her death in 1252. Under Constantine's regency, Isabella married Philip. Philip's offensive behavior offended the Armenian who had him imprisoned and poisoned. Constantine then had Isabella marry his son Hethum. Isabella died 23 January 1252 and was buried in the monastery of Trazarg. Early years Isabella was the only child of King Leo I by his second wife, Sybilla of Cyprus. She was betrothed to Andrew, but the betrothal did not occur. King Leo I died on May, 1219. At this juncture, Raymond-Roupen, grandson of Roupen III, attempted to claim the throne of Cilicia for himself, but he was defeated, captured, and executed. Isabella was proclaimed queen, under the regency of Adam of Baghras. After Adam of Baghras was assassinated, Constantine of Baberon was nominated as guardian. Regent Constantine arranged the marriage between Isabell ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ruben II, Prince Of Armenia
Ruben II (), also Roupen II or Rupen II, ( 1165–1170) was the seventh lord of Armenian Cilicia (1169–1170). Roupen was the son of Thoros II, lord of Armenian Cilicia, by his second wife (and great niece) whose name is unknown. (Thomas was the child’s maternal grandfather). However, Thoros II’s brother, Mleh disputed the succession; Mleh had fled to Nur ad-Din (the emir of Aleppo) and become a Muslim Muslims () are people who adhere to Islam, a Monotheism, monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God ... after quarreling with Thoros II and attempting to assassinate him. Footnotes Sources *Ghazarian, Jacob G: ''The Armenian Kingdom in Cilicia during the Crusades: The Integration of Cilician Armenians with the Latins (1080–1393)''; RoutledgeCurzon (Taylor & Francis Group), 2000, Abingdon; * External links Smbat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thoros II, Prince Of Armenia
Thoros II (; died 6 February 1169), also known as Thoros the Great, was the sixth lord of Armenian Cilicia from the Rubenid dynasty from 1144/1145Kurkjian 1958, p. 506 until 1169. Thoros (together with his father, Leo I and his brother, Roupen) was kidnapped in 1137 by the Byzantine Emperor John II Comnenus during his campaign against Cilicia and the Principality of Antioch. All of Cilicia remained under Byzantine rule for eight years.Kurkjian 1958, p. 221 Whatever the conditions in which Thoros entered Cilicia, he found it occupied by many Greek garrisons. Early life Thoros was the second son of Leo I, lord of Armenian Cilicia. In 1136, Leo I (Thoros's father) was arrested by Baldwin of Marash. After two months of confinement, Leo I obtained his liberty by consenting to harsh terms. Leo I took refuge in the Taurus Mountains, but at last found the situation hopeless, and surrendered himself to the conqueror; Thoros was kidnapped with his father and his youngest broth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
