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Rojak (tribe)
Rojak ( ; ) is a large Kurmanji-Speaking Kurdish Tribal federation that inhabites the regions of Batlis, Mush and Khelat. They are adherent of Shafi' Sunni Islam. The rulers of Badlis Mirdom were the chiefs of Rojaki tribal confederation. Etymology The name of the tribal federation comes from the Kurdish word 'Roj', which means "Sun", while Rojak in Kurdish means "a day/single day". Origins The Rojak tribal confederation was formed when Kurdish clans or tribes joining together in late 12th century. According to Sharafkhan Bidlisi there were 24 tribes. They predate the Ayyubids whom they were given the Bidlis region by them, according to Sharafkhan Bidlisi, the chief of the Rojaki tribal confederation. The ruling family (Mirs) did not belong to any of those tribes or sub-tribes of the confederation, the chiefs of Rojak confederation claimed descendants of the Sasanian dynasty. History Tribes of Rojaki confederation The Rojak confedercy consists of Rojak proper; Bilbas and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kurmanji
Kurmanji (, ), also termed Northern Kurdish, is the northernmost of the Kurdish languages, spoken predominantly in southeast Turkey, northwest and northeast Iran, northern Iraq, northern Syria and the Caucasus and Khorasan regions. It is the most widely spoken form of Kurdish. Kurmanji is also the common and ceremonial language of Yazidis. Their sacred book '' Mishefa Reş'' and all prayers are written and spoken in Kurmanji. ''Ethnologue'' reports that the use of Kurmanji is declining in Turkey even when the language is used as a language of wider communication (LWC) by immigrants to Turkey, and that the language is threatened because it is losing speakers. History Pre-modern Kurmanji Although Kurds are mentioned in the pre-Islamic period, there is no information of the Kurdish language before the Islamic period. The first mention of Kurmanji Kurdish is by the medieval Chaldean author Ibn Wahshiyya (d. 930/1) in his treatise about alphabets. Orientalist Joseph Hammer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sharafkhan Bidlisi
Sharaf al-Din Khan b. Shams al-Din b. Sharaf Beg Bedlisi (, ; ; 25 February 1543 – ) was a Kurdish Emir of Bitlis. He was also a historian, writer and poet. He wrote exclusively in Persian. Born in the Qara Rud village, in central Iran, between Arak and Qom, at a young age he was sent to the Safavids' court and obtained his education there. He is the author of the '' Sharafnama'', one of the most important works on medieval Kurdish history, written in 1597. He created a good picture of Kurdish life and Kurdish dynasties in the 16th century in his works. Outside Iran and Kurdish-speaking countries, Sharaf Khan Bidlisi has influenced Kurdish literature and societies through the translation of his works by other scholars. He was also a gifted artist and a well-educated man, excelling as much in mathematics and military strategy as he did in history. Early life Sharaf Khan Bidlisi was born on 25 February 1543, in the Markazi province of Iran in the Garmrood village, during ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shahrizor
Shahrizor or Shahrezur () is a fertile plain in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, situated in the Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Silêmanî Governorate and west of Avroman, Hewraman. Shahrizor plain is watered by the Tributary, tributaries of Tandjaro river which flows to Diyala River, Diyala and Tigris rivers. Etymology The name ''Shahrazur'' is likely derived from two Iranian languages, Iranian words: ''shah'' (king) and (forest), hence sharazur meaning ''kingly forest (royal forest)''. Ernst Herzfeld, Herzfeld based on the fact that in classical sources the name was spelt with an initial /s/ rather /sh/, suggested ''white forest'', which he connected with the Avestan legends. Indeed, to this day the plain of Sharazur has an important status among adherents of native religion of Yarsan as a holy and sacred region where God descends for the Last Judgement. The 12th century geographer Yaqut al-Hamawi, based on folk etymology interpreted origin of name Sharazur, from the name of the son ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hakkari (historical Region)
Hakkari ( , or Kurdish: هەکاری), was a historical mountainous region lying to the south of Lake Van, encompassing parts of the modern provinces of Hakkâri Province, Hakkâri, Şırnak Province, Şırnak, Van Province, Van in Turkey and Dohuk Governorate, Dohuk in Iraq. During the late Ottoman Empire it was a sanjak within the old Vilayet of Van. History The region stretching from Tur Abdin to Hakkari formed the Nairi lands which served as the northern Assyrian frontier and border with their Urartu, Urartian rivals. The Assyrian people, Assyrians of this region were Christians adhering to the Assyrian Church of the East and lived here until 1924, when the last Assyrians who survived the Assyrian genocide and massacres that occurred during 1918 were expelled. Most subsequently moved to the Sapna valley, Sapna and Nahla, Iraq, Nahla valleys in northern Iraq. Those who went to Simele ended up immigrating further to the Tell Tamer Subdistrict in Syria during the 1930s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bilbas
Bilbas or Belbas () is a Kurds, Kurdish tribe that currently resides in the Kurdistan Region, Region of Kurdistan mostly in the Erbil Governorate, Erbil Province. History The Bilbas originally were from Azerbaijan (Iran), Northwest Iran they inhabited the cities of: Sardasht, West Azerbaijan, Sardasht, Mahabad, Urmia, Piranshahr and many more cities in the West Azerbaijan province, West Azerbaijan. Besides Azerbaijan (Iran), Iranian Azerbaijan they also inhabitant Khorasan province, Khorasan. They also inhabit Turkish Kurdistan. The Bilbas were described to be the enemies of the Afshar people, Afshar tribe, but Nader Shah did use them in his army to fight against the Turkish people, Turks. The Bilbas have a huge role in Kurdish nationalism, Kurdish Nationalism in Iran, they participated in Sheikh Ubaydallah's uprising, Sheikh Ubaydallah's rebellion in 1888, they Participated in Simko Shikak revolt (1918–1922), Simko Shikak's rebellion in 1921, and they participated in the Rep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sasanian Dynasty
The Sasanian dynasty (also known as the Sassanids or the House of Sasan) was the house that founded the Sasanian Empire of Iran, ruling this empire from 224 to 651 AD. It began with Ardashir I, who named the dynasty in honour of his predecessor, Sasan. The Shahanshah was the sole regent, head of state and head of government of the empire. At times, power shifted de facto to other officials, namely the spahbed. Upon the empire's conquest by the Islamic caliphate in 651, members of the imperial family fled in exile to China following the death of Yazdegerd III, where they would become accepted as members of the imperial court by Emperor Gaozong of Tang. Although there would be numerous attempts to invade Islamic Persia with Chinese support, this branch of Sasanids would remain in China indefinitely. Narsieh, grandson of Yazdegerd and last recorded Sasanid in China, would adopt the surname Li (李) in honor of the Chinese imperial family. Origins Modern Scholars View The origin o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mir (title)
Mir (, , ) (which is derived from the Arabic title ''Emir'' 'elite, general, prince') is a Persian, Kurdish and Balochi title with variable connotations. Etymology The term Mir has its roots in the Arabic equivalent Emir, which means Prince or General. ''Emir'' is derived from the Arabic root a-m-r, "command". Its other variations are Miran (plural of Mir), Mirzadeh, and Mirza Tribal Princes of the Persian Sunni Sayyids Mir is the Persian version of the title of tribal leaders of Sayyids, that are addressed in the arabic world as Naqib. Examples for Persian Miran (Plural of Mir) are Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani and the family of the Mir Sayyid Hasan bin Azimullah and Hazrat Ishaan, that are today known as Dakik Family. Tribal Princes of the Kurdish Yazidis In the Yazidi culture, the Mîr is the religious and also the administrative authority from the Qatani branch of the Sheikh caste. The former Mir was Tahseen Said Beg, whose son Hazim bin Tahsin Said and nephew Naif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ayyubid Dynasty
The Ayyubid dynasty (), also known as the Ayyubid Sultanate, was the founding dynasty of the medieval Sultan of Egypt, Sultanate of Egypt established by Saladin in 1171, following his abolition of the Fatimid Caliphate, Fatimid Caliphate of Egypt. A Sunni Muslim of Kurds, Kurdish origin, Saladin had originally served the Zengid dynasty, Zengid ruler Nur al-Din Zengi, Nur al-Din, leading the latter's army against the Crusader invasions of Egypt, Crusaders in Fatimid Egypt, where he was made vizier (Fatimid Caliphate), vizier. Following Nur al-Din's death, Saladin was proclaimed as the first Sultan of Egypt by the Abbasid Caliphate, and rapidly expanded the new sultanate beyond Lower Egypt, Egypt to encompass most of Syria (region), Syria, in addition to Hijaz, Southern Arabia, Yemen, northern Nubia, Tripolitania and Upper Mesopotamia. Saladin's military campaigns set the general borders and sphere of influence of the sultanate of Egypt for the almost 350 years of its existence. Mos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kurds
Kurds (), or the Kurdish people, are an Iranian peoples, Iranic ethnic group from West Asia. They are indigenous to Kurdistan, which is a geographic region spanning southeastern Turkey, northwestern Iran, northern Iraq, and northeastern Syria. Consisting of 30–45 million people, the global Kurdish population is largely concentrated in Kurdistan, but significant communities of the Kurdish diaspora exist in parts of West Asia beyond Kurdistan and in parts of Europe, most notably including: Turkey's Central Anatolian Kurds, as well as Kurds in Istanbul, Istanbul Kurds; Iran's Khorasani Kurds; the Caucasian Kurds, primarily in Kurds in Azerbaijan, Azerbaijan and Kurds in Armenia, Armenia; and the Kurdish populations in various European countries, namely Kurds in Germany, Germany, Kurds in France, France, Kurds in Sweden, Sweden, and the Kurds in the Netherlands, Netherlands. The Kurdish language, Kurdish languages and the Zaza–Gorani languages, both of which belong to the Wes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kurdish Tribes
Kurdish tribes are tribes of Kurds, Kurdish people, an ethnic group from the geo-cultural region of Kurdistan in West Asia, Western Asia. The tribes are socio-political and generally also a territorial unit based on descent and kinship, real or putative, with a characteristic internal structure. They are naturally divided into a number of sub-tribes, and each of these sub-tribes again are divided into smaller units: clans, lineages and households. Designation Each Kurdish tribe use different kinds of terms to designate "Tribe", "sub-tribe", "Clan", "lineage" and "household"; 'Ahiret, Tira, Hoz, il, Khel, Tayfa or Taifa, Zuma and Rama. These terms are used loosely and interchangeably despite the tribal structure and organization of all Kurdish tribes are almost the same. History Early record In the 9th century, it was reported by Ibn Khordadbeh, Ibn khurdubah that Kurdish tribes used the word Zūma to designate tribes (, ; ). The 9th century historian, Ya'qubi, recorded present ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kurdish Language
Kurdish (, , ) is a Northwestern Iranian languages, Northwestern Iranian language or dialect continuum, group of languages spoken by Kurds in the region of Kurdistan, namely in southeast Turkish Kurdistan, Turkey, northern Iraqi Kurdistan, Iraq, northwest Iranian Kurdistan, Iran, and northern Syrian Kurdistan, Syria. It is also spoken in northeast Iran, as well as in certain areas of Armenia and Azerbaijan. Kurdish Variety (linguistics), varieties constitute a dialect continuum, with some Mutual intelligibility, mutually unintelligible varieties, and collectively have 26 million native speakers. The main varieties of Kurdish are Kurmanji, Sorani, and Southern Kurdish (). The majority of the Kurds speak Kurmanji, and most Kurdish texts are written in Kurmanji and Sorani. Kurmanji is written in the Hawar alphabet, a derivation of the Latin script, and Sorani is written in the Sorani alphabet, a derivation of the Arabic script. A separate group of non-Kurdish Northwestern I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Principality Of Bitlis
The Principality of Bitlis, also known as the Bitlis Khanate, and the Bitlis Emirate (1182–1847), was a Persianate Kurdish principality centered at Bitlis. It originated from the '' Rojaki'' (or ''Rozagî'') tribal confederation. History The Rojaki defeated the Georgian King David the Curopalate and conquered Bitlis and Sasun in the 10th century. The principality occasionally came under the rule of outsiders, such as the Aq Qoyunlu (from 1467 to 1495) and the Safavids (from 1507 to 1514). After the decline of the Aq Qoyunlu, the Rojaki princes asserted their independence. The principality supported the Ottoman Sultan Selim I, and in return its rulers were named Noble Khans. In 1531, the Rojaki prince withdrew his support from the Ottomans and turned towards the Safavids instead, an event that led to the capture of the principality by the Ottomans. A good era for the principality began in 1578, when Sultan Murad III nominated Sharaf al-Din Bitlisi the Emir of the principalit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
