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Rockfall Barrier
A rockfall barrier is a structure built to intercept rockfall, most often made from metallic components and consisting of an interception structure hanged on post-supported cables. Barriers are passive rockfall mitigation structures adapted for rock block kinetic energies up to 8 megajoules. Alternatively, these structures are also referred to as fences, catch fences, rock mesh, net fences.... History In the 1960s, the Washington State Department of Transportation conducted the very first experiments for evaluating the efficiency of barriers in arresting rock blocks. A so-called 'chain link fence attenuator' was exposed to impacts by blocks freely rolling down a slope for evaluating its efficiency. These experiments were followed by some others till the end of the 1990s. Progressively, the testing technique was improved using zip-lines to convey the rock block to the barrier. Testing real-scale structures is now very common and part of the design process. The very first use ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rockfall
A rockfall or rock-fallWhittow, John (1984). ''Dictionary of Physical Geography''. London: Penguin, 1984. . is a quantity/sheets of rock that has fallen freely from a cliff face. The term is also used for collapse of rock from roof or walls of mine or quarry workings. "A rockfall is a fragment of rock (a block) detached by sliding, toppling, or falling, that falls along a vertical or sub-vertical cliff, proceeds down slope by bouncing and flying along ballistic trajectories or by rolling on talus or debris slopes." Alternatively, a "rockfall is the natural downward motion of a detached block or series of blocks with a small volume involving free falling, bouncing, rolling, and sliding". The mode of failure differs from that of a rockslide. Causal mechanisms Favourable geology and climate are the principal causal mechanisms of rockfall, factors that include intact condition of the rock mass, discontinuities within the rockmass, weathering susceptibility, ground and surface wate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flexible Debris-resisting Barrier
A flexible debris-resisting barrier is a structure used to mitigate debris flows or to contain flow-entrained woods.{{Cite journal, last1=Song, first1=D., last2=Choi, first2=C. E., last3=Ng, first3=C. W. W., last4=Zhou, first4=G. G. D., date=2018-01-01, title=Geophysical flows impacting a flexible barrier: effects of solid-fluid interaction, url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-017-0856-1, journal=Landslides, language=en, volume=15, issue=1, pages=99–110, doi=10.1007/s10346-017-0856-1, s2cid=3527695, issn=1612-5118 These structures mainly consist of interconnected metallic components (cables, posts, shackles...). Flexible debris-resisting barrier are derived from rockfall barriers and were first proposed in the middle of the 1990s in the USA. In torrents, flexible debris-resisting barrier constitute a sound alternative to check dams for containing debris flows. The main components of flexible debris-resisting barriers are: * An interception structure, made up of a principal net ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hexagonal Wire Mesh
Chicken wire, or poultry netting, is a mesh of wire commonly used to fence in fowl, such as chickens, in a run or coop. It is made of thin, flexible, galvanized steel wire with hexagonal gaps. Available in 1 inch (about 2.5 cm) diameter, 2 inch (about 5 cm) and 1/2 inch (about 1.3 cm), chicken wire is available in various gauges--usually 19 gauge (about 1 mm wire) to 22 gauge (about 0.7 mm wire). Chicken wire is occasionally used to build inexpensive pens for small animals (or to protect plants and property ''from'' animals) though the thinness and zinc content of galvanized wire may be inappropriate for animals prone to gnawing and will not keep out predators. In construction, chicken wire or hardware cloth is used as a metal lath to hold cement or plaster, a process known as stuccoing. Concrete reinforced with chicken wire or hardware cloth yields ferrocement, a versatile construction material. It can also be used to make the armature for a papier-m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Static Barrier
Static may refer to: Places *Static Nunatak, a nunatak in Antarctica United States *Static, Kentucky and Tennessee *Static Peak, a mountain in Wyoming ** Static Peak Divide, a mountain pass near the peak Science and technology Physics *Static electricity, a net charge of an object **Triboelectric effect, due to frictional contact between different materials *Static spacetime, a spacetime having a global, non-vanishing, timelike Killing vector field which is irrotational *Statics, a branch of physics concerned with physical systems in equilibrium **Fluid statics, the branch of fluid mechanics that studies fluids at rest Engineering *Static pressure, in aircraft instrumentation and fluid dynamics **Static port, a proprietary sensor used on aircraft to measure static pressure *White noise or static noise, a random signal with a flat power spectral density **Noise (radio), in radio reception **Noise (video), the random black-and-white image produced by televisions attempting to displ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rockfall Protection Embankment
A rockfall protection embankment is an earthwork built in elevation with respect to the ground to intercept falling rock fragments before elements at risk such as roads and buildings are reached. This term is widely used in the rockfall community but the terms ''bunds'' and ''walls'' are sometimes used as alternatives. Comparison with other passive mitigation structures Rockfall protection embankments belong to the family of passive rockfall protection structures, comprising flexible barriers or galleries in particular. They are intended for rockfalls with kinetic energies up to tens of megajoules and are preferred over flexible barriers when the design impact is higher than 5000 kJ. Their declared advantages over other passive rockfall mitigation structures are low maintenance costs and reduced visual impact. Nevertheless, they are not appropriate on steep slopes and their construction generally requires extensive space and accessibility for heavy vehicles. History The very ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rockfall
A rockfall or rock-fallWhittow, John (1984). ''Dictionary of Physical Geography''. London: Penguin, 1984. . is a quantity/sheets of rock that has fallen freely from a cliff face. The term is also used for collapse of rock from roof or walls of mine or quarry workings. "A rockfall is a fragment of rock (a block) detached by sliding, toppling, or falling, that falls along a vertical or sub-vertical cliff, proceeds down slope by bouncing and flying along ballistic trajectories or by rolling on talus or debris slopes." Alternatively, a "rockfall is the natural downward motion of a detached block or series of blocks with a small volume involving free falling, bouncing, rolling, and sliding". The mode of failure differs from that of a rockslide. Causal mechanisms Favourable geology and climate are the principal causal mechanisms of rockfall, factors that include intact condition of the rock mass, discontinuities within the rockmass, weathering susceptibility, ground and surface wate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Landslide Mitigation
Landslide mitigation refers to several man-made activities on slopes with the goal of lessening the effect of landslides. Landslides can be triggered by many, sometimes concomitant causes. In addition to shallow erosion or reduction of shear strength caused by seasonal rainfall, landslides may be triggered by anthropic activities, such as adding excessive weight above the slope, digging at mid-slope or at the foot of the slope. Often, individual phenomena join together to generate instability over time, which often does not allow a reconstruction of the evolution of a particular landslide. Therefore, landslide hazard mitigation measures are not generally classified according to the phenomenon that might cause a landslide. Instead, they are classified by the sort of slope stabilization method used: * Geometric methods, in which the geometry of the hillside is changed (in general the slope); * Hydrogeological methods, in which an attempt is made to lower the groundwater level o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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