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Robby Sohansingh
The December murders (Dutch: ''Decembermoorden'') were the murders on 7, 8, and 9 December 1982, of fifteen prominent young Surinamese men who had criticized the military dictatorship then ruling Suriname. Thirteen of these men were arrested on December 7 between 2 am and 5 am while sleeping in their homes (according to reports by the families of the victims). The other two were Surendre Rambocus and Jiwansingh Sheombar who were already imprisoned for attempting a countercoup in March 1982. Soldiers of Dési Bouterse (dictator of Suriname at the time) took them to Fort Zeelandia (Paramaribo), Fort Zeelandia (at that time Bouterse's headquarters), where they were heard as "suspects in a trial" by Bouterse and other sergeants in a self-appointed court. After these "hearings" they were tortured and shot dead. The circumstances remain unclear. On 10 December 1982, Bouterse claimed on national television that all of the detainees had been shot dead "in an attempt to flee". The December ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Dictatorship
A military dictatorship, or a military regime, is a type of dictatorship in which Power (social and political), power is held by one or more military officers. Military dictatorships are led by either a single military dictator, known as a Political strongman, strongman, or by a council of military officers known as a military junta. They are most often formed by military coups or by the empowerment of the military through a popular uprising in times of domestic unrest or instability. The military nominally seeks power to restore order or fight corruption, but the personal motivations of military officers will vary. The balance of power in a military dictatorship depends on the dictator's ability to maintain the approval of the military through concessions and appeasement while using force to Political repression, repress opposition. Military strongmen may seek to consolidate power independently of the military, effectively creating Personalist dictatorship, personalist dictator ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fred Derby
Frederik Marinus Emanuel Derby (March 31, 1940 – May 19, 2001) was a Surinamese politician and trade unionist. He was the only survivor of the December murders. In the years before his death he fought for an investigation into these events, and he told what had happened to him in Fort Zeelandia. Biography Derby was born in the district of Para, on the site of a former plantation, Berlijn. In 1954, he left as foster carer to Paramaribo. He attended the secondary school, and received the certificate for teacher. Then he became a teacher at a technical school. In 1968, he was a trade unionist, and was involved in the establishment of the Confederation C-47 in 1970. He joined the Nationalist Republican Party (PNR), which sought the independence of Suriname and sat on behalf of that party from 1973 to 1977 in the Parliament of Suriname. On the night of 7 to 8 December 1982, he was arrested by soldiers and taken to Fort Zeelandia. The next day, he was the only one of those arrest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harvey Naarendorp
Harvey Harold Naarendorp (born 31 March 1940) is a Surinamese diplomat and politician. Biography Naarendop was born on March 31, 1940 in Paramaribo, Suriname. He grew up in Curaçao and returned to Suriname at the age of 15, where he finished high school. After working for a few years in the export department of Bruynzeel, he moved to the Netherlands, where he graduated in law from the University of Amsterdam in 1975. When the 1980 Surinamese coup d'état, Sergeants' Coup led by Dési Bouterse took place on 25 February 1980, Naarendorp was a lecturer in private law at the University of Suriname. In January 1981, Naarendorp succeeded André Haakmat as List of ministers of Justice and Police (Suriname), Minister of Justice and Police and Minister of Foreign Affairs (Suriname), Minister of Foreign Affairs. When the Henry Neijhorst, Neijhorst government took office on 31 March 1982, he served as the List of deputy prime ministers of Suriname, Deputy Prime Minister of Suriname unt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Winston Caldeira
Winston Ramon Caldeira (born 4 June 1941) is a Surinamese politician and consultant. A member of the Progressive Workers' and Farmers' Union, he served as the Deputy Prime Minister of Suriname and Minister of Finance and Planning from 1983 to 1984. From December 1983 to January 1984, a major strike took place in Suriname. This was initially directed against tax increases, but later also against the cabinet Alibux and the military regime of Dési Bouterse. On January 7, 1984, the cabinet was dissolved, which ended Caldeira's ministry. In later years, he has been active as an advisor to the Surinamese government, among others. In 2010, he became a consultant for the Inter-American Development Bank. Caldeira was suspected of involvement in the December murders, but was acquitted on 29 November 2019. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Errol Alibux
Liakat Ali Errol Alibux (born 30 November 1948 in Paramaribo) is a Surinamese politician historically associated to the Progressive Workers' and Farmers' Union, PALU. Career From 1967 to 1973, he studied sociology at the Erasmus University Rotterdam. He was List of prime ministers of Suriname, Prime Minister of Suriname during a period of Suriname National Army, military rule under Dési Bouterse. As a suspect in the December murders his appointment, by elected leader Bouterse, as an ambassador to Turkey was criticized by the Netherlands. References , - Prime ministers of Suriname Finance ministers of Suriname Politicians from Paramaribo December murders 1948 births Living people Erasmus University Rotterdam alumni Progressive Workers' and Farmers' Union politicians Ambassadors of Suriname to Turkey Surinamese politicians of Indian descent {{Suriname-politician-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sranan Tongo
Sranan Tongo (Sranantongo, "Surinamese tongue", Sranan, Surinamese Creole) is an English-based creole language from Suriname, in South America, where it is the first or second language for 519,600 Surinamese people (approximately 80% of the population). It is also spoken in the Netherlands and across the Surinamese diaspora. It is considered both an unofficial national language and a ''lingua franca''. Sranan Tongo developed among enslaved Africans from Central and West Africa, especially along the Caribbean coastline, after contact with English planters and indentured workers from 1651–67. Its use expanded to the Dutch colonists who took over the territory in 1667 and decided to maintain the local language as a ''lingua franca''. Because the number of English colonists was massively reduced following the arrival of the Dutch, later additions to the language and the presence of African influences have made it distinct from other Afro-Caribbean creoles based on English. Hist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dutch Language
Dutch ( ) is a West Germanic languages, West Germanic language of the Indo-European language family, spoken by about 25 million people as a first language and 5 million as a second language and is the List of languages by total number of speakers, third most spoken Germanic language. In Europe, Dutch is the native language of most of the population of the Netherlands and Flanders (which includes 60% of the population of Belgium). "1% of the EU population claims to speak Dutch well enough in order to have a conversation." (page 153). Dutch was one of the official languages of South Africa until 1925, when it was replaced by Afrikaans, a separate but partially Mutual intelligibility, mutually intelligible daughter language of Dutch. Afrikaans, depending on the definition used, may be considered a sister language, spoken, to some degree, by at least 16 million people, mainly in South Africa and Namibia, and evolving from Cape Dutch dialects. In South America, Dutch is the native l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
VU University Amsterdam
The (abbreviated as ''VU Amsterdam'' or simply ''VU'' when in context) is a public research university in Amsterdam, Netherlands, founded in 1880. The VU Amsterdam is one of two large, publicly funded research universities in the city, the other being the University of Amsterdam (UvA). The literal translation of the Dutch name is "Free University". "Free" refers to independence of the university from both the State and the Dutch Reformed Church. Both within and outside the university, the institution is commonly referred to as "the VU". Although founded as a private institution, the VU has received government funding on a parity basis with public universities since 1970. The university is located on a compact urban campus in the southern Buitenveldert neighbourhood of Amsterdam and adjacent to the modern Zuidas business district. As of October 2021, the VU had 29,796 registered students, most of whom were full-time students. That year, the university had 2,263 faculty members ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Totness, Suriname
Totness is a town in Suriname, located in the Coronie district, of which it is the capital. Totness is the oldest settlement in the district. History Totness was settled by Scotland, Scottish and English colonists from 1808 onward, and is named after Totnes, England. In 1863, the area around Totness was designated for independent agriculture. A market and a District Commissioner's Office on the former plantation Friendship were added to the resort. In the 1940s, a road was built linking Totness with Paramaribo which is nowadays part of the East-West Link (Suriname), East-West Link. The Suriname-Guyana Submarine Cable System has its landing station in Totness. It connects the telecommunications networks in Suriname with those in Guyana and Trinidad and from Trinidad to the rest of the world. The Totness Airstrip is one of the oldest airports in Suriname, in use since 1953, when the Piper Cub (PZ-NAC) of Kappel-van Eyck named "Colibri" landed there from Zorg en Hoop Airport. Totness ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gerard Leckie
Gerard Leckie (6 March 1943 – 8 December 1982) was a Surinamese scientist, teacher and dean at the University of Suriname. He was one of the victims of the December murders. Biography Leckie taught, was dean of the socio-economic faculty, but was also chairman of the Association for Scientific Personnel at the University of Suriname (VWPU). He studied psychology and was subsequently promoted at the University of Nijmegen. On 24 November 1982, the Association for Democracy was founded, as a direct result of the announcement of reform plans by Dési Bouterse, which he unveiled in a speech on 15 November 1982. It consisted of people who wanted to commit themselves to the return of democracy in Suriname. Trade union actions and student demonstrations were organized, and in Paramaribo there was great unrest. The strike actions were a thorn in the eyes of Bouterse and his Group of Sixteen sergeants, who assumed that the actions were deliberately organized to cause unrest. The milit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
André Kamperveen
Rudi André Kamperveen (27 September 1924 – 8 December 1982) was a Surinamese football player, sports administrator, politician and businessman. During his playing career, the centre forward represented and captained the Suriname national football team in the 1940s. He played professionally in Brazil ( Paysandu Sport Club) and Netherlands during his playing career, becoming the first Surinamese player to play professionally in the Netherlands in the process while plying his trade for HFC Haarlem. After his playing career he became Minister for Sport in Suriname. He also helped establish the Caribbean Football Union which was formed in 1978 and he was selected as the union's first President. He was also a vice-president of FIFA. He was killed in 1982 as part of the December murders. His body reportedly showed injuries to the jaw and a swollen face, 18 bullet wounds in the chest, a shot wound in the right temple, a fractured femur and a fractured arm. He was inducted into the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eddy Hoost
Edmund Alexander Hoost (21 October 1934 – 8 December 1982) was a Surinamese politician and lawyer. He was Minister of Justice and Police between 1973 and 1977. After the independence of Suriname, he became the first Minister of Defence and served until 1977. He was one of the victims of the December murders. Biography Hoost studied at the Law School in Suriname with Hugo Pos and Harold Riedewald. In 1970, together with Eddy Bruma and Roy Adama, he founded the trade union Centrale-47 (C-47), after mass strikes in 1969, demanded a new and more progressive type of labor organization. C-47 became largest trade union in Suriname, after the Mother Union, a trade union closely connected with the National Party of Suriname. In 1973, Hoost became Minister of Justice and Police in the first National Party Combination (NPK I) cabinet, headed by Henck Arron, on behalf of the Nationalist Republican Party (PNR). The primary agenda of the PNR was the preparation of Suriname for indep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
