|
Rizal Provincial Board
The Rizal Provincial Board is the Sangguniang Panlalawigan (provincial legislature) of the Philippine province of Rizal. The members are elected via plurality-at-large voting: the province is divided into six districts, the first district of Rizal sending four members, the second district of Rizal sending two members, the third and fourth districts sending one member each, and Antipolo's two districts sending one member each to the provincial board; the number of candidates the electorate votes for and the number of winning candidates depends on the number of members their district sends. The vice governor is the ''ex officio'' presiding officer, and only votes to break ties. The vice governor is elected via the plurality voting system province-wide. The districts used in appropriation of members is coextensive with the legislative districts of Rizal and the legislative districts of Antipolo. Aside from the regular members, the board also includes the provincial federation pre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unicameral
Unicameralism (from ''uni''- "one" + Latin ''camera'' "chamber") is a type of legislature consisting of one house or assembly that legislates and votes as one. Unicameralism has become an increasingly common type of legislature, making up nearly 60% of all national legislatures and an even greater share of subnational legislatures. Sometimes, as in New Zealand and Denmark, unicameralism comes about through the abolition of one of two bicameral chambers, or, as in Sweden, through the merger of the two chambers into a single one, while in others a second chamber has never existed from the beginning. Rationale for unicameralism and criticism The principal advantage of a unicameral system is more efficient lawmaking, as the legislative process is simpler and there is no possibility of gridlock (politics), deadlock between two chambers. Proponents of unicameralism have also argued that it reduces costs, even if the number of legislators stays the same, since there are fewer instituti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plurality-at-large Voting
Plurality block voting is a type of block voting method for multi-winner elections. Each voter may cast as many votes as the number of seats to be filled. The candidates with the most votes are elected. The usual result when the candidates divide into parties is that the most-popular party in the district sees its full slate of candidates elected, even if the party does not have support of majority of the voters. The term plurality at-large is in common usage in elections for representative members of a body who are elected or appointed to represent the whole membership of the body (for example, a city, state or province, nation, club or association). Where the system is used in a territory divided into multi-member electoral districts the system is commonly referred to as "block voting" or the "bloc vote". These systems are usually based on a single round of voting. The party-list version of block voting is party block voting (PBV), also called the general ticket, which also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Provincial Boards In The Philippines
Sangguniang Panlalawigan (abbreviated as SP; ), commonly known as the Provincial Board, are the legislatures in Philippine provinces. They are the legislative branches of the provinces, and their powers and responsibilities are defined by the Local Government Code of 1991. Along with the provincial governor, the executive branch of the province, they form the province's government. Members are either called "board members" (BM) or "Sangguniang Panlalawigan members" (SPM). In Tagalog-speaking provinces, they are informally called "bokal". History During the early period of Spanish colonization, newly conquered areas were designated as '' encomiendas'' which were headed by an ''encomendero'' chosen by the Spanish from among the ranks of the powerful local nobles. Encomiendas were organized only for the purposes of collecting tribute that went in part to the Roman Catholic Church, the Spanish army, and to the Royal Treasury. Later on areas which were organized and given the designa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sectoral Representation In The Philippines
Sectoral representation in the Philippines refers to the now abolished system of representation in the Batasang Pambansa, then the House of Representatives of the Philippines. This has been replaced with party-list representation in the House of Representatives of the Philippines. Local legislatures were also mandated to have sectoral representatives, but only the election indigenous cultural minorities in some legislatures have seen daylight. In the Batasang Pambansa and House of Representatives Prior to 1978 The Malolos Congress, Philippine Assembly, the National Assembly, and the House of Representatives, have been solely elected from electoral districts. 1973 constitution The 1973 constitution introduced the parliamentary system of government, in the form of the Batasang Pambansa. It also introduced sectoral representation, which was derived from fascist Italy. It was a plan by president Ferdinand Marcos to institute a corporatist system in which every sector would ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2018 Philippine Barangay And Sangguniang Kabataan Elections
Barangay elections in the Philippines were held on May 14, 2018. The election elected the '' Punong Barangay'', more commonly known as barangay captains, and members of the ''Sangguniang Barangay'', or barangay council, in 41,948 barangays (villages) throughout the country whose terms start on June 30, 2018. Barangays are the smallest local government unit in the Philippines. Elections for the reformed Sangguniang Kabataan (SK; youth councils) were also held at the same time. This shall be the first SK elections since 2010. Originally scheduled for October 2016, these elections supposedly concluded the 2016 election cycle that started in May with the election of the Philippine president, the members of Philippine Congress and provincial, city and municipal officials. It was then postponed to October 2017, then was postponed further to May 2018. There were attempts to postpone it further, but Congress ran out of time to pass a law to postpone the elections further. Upon their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2022 Philippine Local Elections
Local elections in the Philippines took place on May 9, 2022. These were conducted together with the 2022 Philippine general election, 2022 general election for national positions. All elected positions above the barangay (village) level but below the regional level were disputed. The following 18,180 positions will be disputed: * 81 provincial governorships and vice-governorships * 782 Provincial Board (Sangguniang Panlalawigan) members * 1,634 mayorships and vice-mayorships * 13,558 city and municipal councilors (Sangguniang Panlungsod and Sangguniang Bayan) The elective positions in the Bangsamoro was originally scheduled to be held with these elections, but 2025 Bangsamoro Parliament election, was postponed to 2025, concurrently with the 2025 elections. The elective positions in the barangays won't be decided on this day as well. These will be held on 2023 Philippine barangay and Sangguniang Kabataan elections, October 30, 2023. Electoral system Local government in the Phi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philippine Councilors League
The Philippine Councilors League (PCL; ) is an official organization in the Philippines composed of all elected, appointed, and Ex officio member, ''ex officio'' members of legislature, legislative councils in the cities and municipalities of the country. The presidents of the PCL's provincial chapters are ''ex officio'' members of their province's legislature (''Sangguniang Panlalawigan''). Overview Each Cities of the Philippines, city in the Philippines has a legislature known as a ''Sangguniang Panlungsod'' (city council) composed of 10 to 36 regular members and at least 2 ''ex officio'' members. Each Municipalities of the Philippines, municipality in the Philippines also has its respective legislature known as a ''Sangguniang Bayan'' (municipal council) composed of 8 regular members and at least 2 ''ex officio'' members. All elected, appointed, and ''ex officio'' members of those legislative councils automatically become members of the PCL. The PCL members of a province—i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sangguniang Kabataan
A Sangguniang Kabataan (abbreviated as SK; ) is a community council that represents the youth in a barangay in the Philippines. Established to provide young people with a platform for civic engagement and participation in Local government in the Philippines, local governance, the SK is composed of elected officials aged 18 to 24, including a chairperson and several councilors. Its primary mandate is to initiate, plan, and implement programs, projects, and activities that promote the welfare and development of youth within the barangay. Under the SK Reform Law of 2016, or Republic Act No. 10742, the age requirement for SK officials was raised from 15–17 years old to 18–24 years old to ensure legal accountability and capacity to enter into contracts. Despite this change, the age range for eligible SK voters remains 15–30 years old. The SK is allotted 10 percent of the barangay's annual budget, which is earmarked exclusively for youth development initiatives. These may inc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liga Ng Mga Barangay
The Liga ng mga Barangay sa Pilipinas (League of Barangays in the Philippines) and the Asosasyon ng mga Kapitan ng Barangay (Association of Barangay Captains, ABC) are formal organizations of all the barangays in the Philippines. Presently, almost 42,000 barangays are part of this organization, making it the association of Philippine local government units with the largest membership. The current association is just the latest form of an organization that has been known by various names in the past, such as the Barrio Lieutenants’ Association of the Philippines (BLAP), the Association of Barangay Councils (ABC), and the Pambansang Katipunan ng mga Barangay (PKB). Each barangay is represented in the League by their '' Punong Barangay'' (Barangay Chairman/Head/Captain). In case of his absence or incapacity, a ''sanggunian'' member of the barangay shall be its representative after being elected for this purpose by its members. History The Liga ng mga Barangay began with the el ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legislative Districts Of Antipolo
The legislative districts of Antipolo are the representations of the Cities of the Philippines, component city of Antipolo in the Congress of the Philippines. The city is currently represented in the House of Representatives of the Philippines, lower house of Congress through its Antipolo's 1st congressional district, first and Antipolo's 2nd congressional district, second congressional districts. History Antipolo was initially represented as part of the at-large district of Morong (district), Morong in the Malolos Congress from 1898 to 1899. The then-town was later incorporated to the province of Rizal (province), Rizal, established in 1901, and was represented as part of the Rizal's 2nd congressional district, second district of Rizal from 1907 to 1941 and from 1945 to 1972. During World War II, it was represented as part of the Legislative districts of Rizal#At-Large (1943–1944), at-large district of Rizal in the National Assembly (Second Philippine Republic), National Asse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legislative Districts Of Rizal
The legislative districts of Rizal are the representations of the Provinces of the Philippines, province of Rizal (province), Rizal in the List of legislatures of the Philippines, various national and local legislatures of the Philippines. At present, the province is represented in the House of Representatives of the Philippines by its four congressional districts, with the districts' representatives being elected every three years. Additionally, each district is allotted a certain number of seats in the Rizal Provincial Board, with board members also being elected every three years. The Component City, component city of Antipolo is represented independently from the province by its own Legislative districts of Antipolo, two districts, although it is also represented in the provincial board. History Areas now under the jurisdiction of Rizal were represented under the at-large districts of the Manila (province), province of Manila and Morong (district), Morong in the Malolos C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plurality Voting System
Plurality voting refers to electoral systems in which the candidates in an electoral district who poll more than any other (that is, receive a plurality) are elected. Under single-winner plurality voting, and in systems based on single-member districts, plurality voting is called single member istrictplurality (SMP), which is widely known as " first-past-the-post". In SMP/FPTP the leading candidate, whether or not they have a majority of votes, is elected. There are several versions of plurality voting for multi-member district. The system that elects multiple winners at once with the plurality rule and where each voter casts as many X votes as the number of seats in a multi-seat district is referred to as plurality block voting. A semi-proportional system that elects multiple winners elected at once with the plurality rule and where each voter casts more than one vote but fewer than the number of seats to fill in a multi-seat district is known as limited voting. A semi-prop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
