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Rio Grande LNG
Rio Grande LNG is an liquid natural gas export terminal project in the Port of Brownsville, Texas, currently under construction by NextDecade Corporation. On 21 November 2019, U.S. regulators approved permits for three new liquified natural gas export terminals in the Rio Grande Valley in Texas. The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission approved permits for the project – along with the competing Texas LNG (, still in the pre-construction phase) and Annova LNG projects (cancelled in March 2021) – with each of the three companies intending to build their LNG plant and terminal at the Port of Brownsville. One month after approval, the Sierra Club and other environmental groups asked the FERC to reconsider the permits, saying the agency failed to adequately consider environmental impacts. However, in August 2024, the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit vacated the project's FERC approval, on grounds that the approval did not fully comply with the ...
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Liquefied Natural Gas
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas (predominantly methane, CH4, with some mixture of ethane, C2H6) that has been cooled to liquid form for ease and safety of non-pressurized storage or transport. It takes up about 1/600th the volume of natural gas in the gaseous state at standard temperature and pressure. LNG is odorless, Transparency and translucency, colorless, toxicity, non-toxic and Corrosive substance, non-corrosive. Hazards include flammability after vaporization into a gaseous state, freezing and asphyxia. The Liquefaction of gases, liquefaction process involves removal of certain components, such as dust, acid gases, helium, water, and heavy hydrocarbons, which could cause difficulty downstream. The natural gas is then condensation, condensed into a liquid at close to atmospheric pressure by cooling it to approximately ; maximum transport pressure is set at around (gauge pressure), which is about 0.25 times atmospheric pressure at sea level. The gas extracted ...
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Port Of Brownsville
The Port of Brownsville is a deepwater seaport in Brownsville, at the southern tip of Texas. Geography The port is the southern terminus of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. The port is located near the river mouth of the Rio Grande and Lower Rio Grande Valley plain, only north of the Mexico – United States border. Brownsville Ship Channel The deep water Brownsville Ship Channel, to/from the Gulf of Mexico, passes between Padre Island and Brazos Island, Barrier islands of the Gulf Coast. The channel also passes the old harbor of Los Brazos de Santiago, the landing place of the Spanish explorer Alonso Álvarez de Pineda in 1519 and subsequent colonizers from the Viceroyalty of New Spain. The channel is dredged to handle ships of draft at high tide, and can support ships up to overall length and a beam. On December 6, 2024, the Brownsville Navigation District (BND) and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) held a ceremony commencing Phase 2 of the Brazos Island Harbo ...
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Texas
Texas ( , ; or ) is the most populous U.S. state, state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. It borders Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the west, and has Mexico-United States border, an international border with the Mexican states of Chihuahua (state), Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas to the south and southwest. Texas has Texas Gulf Coast, a coastline on the Gulf of Mexico to the southeast. Covering and with over 31 million residents as of 2024, it is the second-largest state List of U.S. states and territories by area, by area and List of U.S. states and territories by population, population. Texas is nicknamed the ''Lone Star State'' for its former status as the independent Republic of Texas. Spain was the first European country to Spanish Texas, claim and control Texas. Following French colonization of Texas, a short-lived colony controlled by France, Mexico ...
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Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) is an independent agency of the United States government that regulates the interstate transmission and wholesale sale of electricity and natural gas and regulates the prices of interstate transport of petroleum by pipeline. FERC also reviews proposals to build interstate natural gas pipelines, natural gas storage projects, and liquefied natural gas (LNG) terminals, in addition to licensing non-federal hydropower projects. FERC was created by the United States Congress, U.S. Congress in 1977 in the aftermath of the 1973 oil crisis. FERC is an independent agency, despite being part of the United States Department of Energy, U.S. Department of Energy. It is headed by five commissioners who are nominated by the U.S. president and confirmed by the U.S. Senate. There may be no more than three commissioners of one political party serving on the commission at any given time. Primary duties The responsibilities of FERC include the followi ...
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Texas LNG
The Texas LNG project is a multi-decade liquid natural gas shipping terminal project near Brownsville, Texas. It has been in the planning stages since the early 2010s and, as of 2019, gained regulatory authority approval for construction and operation in the 2020s, with initial export shipments as early as 2025. The facility is intended to enable US natural gas that is in good supply in the US to be efficiently stored and shipped to the global market in an efficient (liquified) form. Note there are two active LNG export terminal projects in the Brownsville area: the Rio Grande LNG project (under construction), the Texas LNG project (subject of this article); associated with those projects is the Rio Bravo pipeline project. FERC approved all three projects together, and they have been jointly the subject of appellate court proceedings. Additionally, FERC originally approved a third LNG export terminal in Brownsville, Annova LNG, at the same time as approving the Rio Grande and Tex ...
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Houston Chronicle
The ''Houston Chronicle'' is the largest daily newspaper in Houston, Houston, Texas, United States. it is the third-largest newspaper by Sunday circulation in the United States, behind only ''The New York Times'' and the ''Los Angeles Times''. With the 1995 buyout of its longtime rival the ''Houston Post'', the ''Chronicle'' became Houston's newspaper of record. The ''Houston Chronicle'' is the largest daily newspaper owned and operated by the Hearst (media), Hearst Corporation, a Privately held company, privately held multinational corporation, multinational corporate media conglomerate with $10 billion in revenues. The paper employs nearly 2,000 people, including approximately 300 journalism, journalists, editorial, editors, and photography, photographers. The ''Chronicle'' has bureaus in Washington, D.C., and Austin, Texas, Austin. The paper reports that its web site averages 125 million page views per month. The publication serves as the "newspaper of record" of the Housto ...
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United States Court Of Appeals For The District Of Columbia Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (in case citations, D.C. Cir.) is one of the thirteen United States Courts of Appeals. It has the smallest geographical jurisdiction of any of the U.S. courts of appeals, and it covers only the United States District Court for the District of Columbia, U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia. It meets at the E. Barrett Prettyman United States Courthouse in Washington, D.C., Washington, DC. The D.C. Circuit is often considered to be second only to the United States Supreme Court, U.S. Supreme Court in status and prestige, and it is sometimes unofficially termed "the second highest court in the land". Because its jurisdiction covers the District of Columbia, it tends to be the main federal appellate court for issues of U.S. United States administrative law, administrative law and United States constitutional law, constitutional law. Four of the nine current Supreme Court justices were previously judg ...
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National Environmental Policy Act
The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) is a United States environmental law designed to promote the enhancement of the environment. It created new laws requiring U.S. federal government agencies to evaluate the environmental impacts of their actions and decisions, and it established the President's Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ). The Act was passed by the U.S. Congress in December 1969 and signed into law by President Richard Nixon on January 1, 1970.United States. National Environmental Policy Act of 1969. , Approved January 1, 1970. ''et seq.'' More than 100 nations around the world have enacted national environmental policies modeled after NEPA. NEPA requires Federal agencies to evaluate the environmental effects of their actions. NEPA's most significant outcome was the requirement that all executive Federal agencies prepare environmental assessments (EAs) and environmental impact statements (EISs). These reports state the potential environmental effects ...
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Ted Cruz
Rafael Edward Cruz (; born December 22, 1970) is an American politician and attorney serving as the junior United States senator from Texas since 2013. A member of the Republican Party, Cruz was the solicitor general of Texas from 2003 to 2008. After graduating from Princeton University and Harvard Law School, Cruz pursued a career in politics, eventually serving as a policy advisor in the George W. Bush administration. In 2003, Texas Attorney General Greg Abbott appointed Cruz to serve as Solicitor General, a position he held until 2008. Cruz was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2012, becoming the first Hispanic American to serve as a U.S. senator from Texas. In the Senate, he has taken consistently conservative positions on economic and social policy. He played a leading role in the 2013 federal government shutdown, seeking to force Congress and President Barack Obama to defund the Affordable Care Act. Cruz was reelected in a close race in 2018 against Democra ...
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S&P Global
S&P Global Inc. (prior to 2016, McGraw Hill Financial, Inc., and prior to 2013, The McGraw–Hill Companies, Inc.) is an American publicly traded corporation headquartered in Manhattan, New York City. Its primary areas of business are financial information and analytics. It is the parent company of S&P Global Ratings, S&P Global Market Intelligence, S&P Global Mobility, S&P Global Sustainable1, and S&P Global Commodity Insights, CRISIL. It is also the majority owner of the S&P Dow Jones Indices joint venture. "S&P" is a shortening of "Standard and Poor's". Corporate history The predecessor companies of S&P Global have histories dating to 1888, when James H. McGraw purchased the ''American Journal of Railway Appliances''. He continued to add further publications, eventually establishing The ''McGraw Publishing Company'' in 1899. John A. Hill had also produced several technical and trade publications and in 1902 formed his own business, The ''Hill Publishing Company''. In ...
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Environmental Justice
Environmental justice is a social movement that addresses injustice that occurs when poor or marginalized communities are harmed by hazardous waste, resource extraction, and other land uses from which they do not benefit. The movement has generated hundreds of studies showing that exposure to environmental harm is inequitably distributed. Additionally, many marginalized communities, including the LGBTQ community, are disproportionately impacted by natural disasters. The movement Environmental racism in the United States, began in the United States in the 1980s. It was heavily influenced by the Civil rights movement, American civil rights movement and focused on environmental racism within rich countries. The movement was later expanded to consider gender, LGBTQ people, international environmental injustice, and inequalities within marginalized groups. As the movement achieved some success in rich countries, environmental burdens were shifted to the Global North and Global Sou ...
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Eddie Treviño
Eddie Treviño, Jr. is an American politician in the state of Texas. Since November 2016, he has served as County Judge of Cameron County. Notwithstanding the label, the position of county judge is for the most part a nonjudicial position in Texas. Previously, he served as Mayor of Brownsville, Texas from 2003 to 2007. On January 7, 2003, Mayor of Brownsville Blanca Vela announced that she would not seek re-election for a second term in a speech in front of the Market Square fountain. Her departure set off a competitive 2003 mayoral campaign between Treviño, then serving as city commissioner, and former Mayor Henry Gonzalez. Treviño and Gonzalez placed first and second (out of four candidates) in the election held on May 3, 2003, which qualified them for the runoff. In the runoff election held on June 7, 2003, Treviño won 4,377 votes (64.13%), defeating Gonzalez, who earned 2,448 votes (35.86%) to succeed Vela as mayor. In the November 2022 elections, Treviño defeated Republ ...
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