|
Richard P. Novick
Richard P. Novick is an American microbiologist best known for his work in the fields of plasmid biology, staphylococcal pathobiology and antimicrobial resistance. He is the Recanati Family Professor of Science, Emeritus, at NYU Grossman School of Medicine and is a member of the American National Academy of Sciences. Novick has published over 250 peer-reviewed articles, and several book reviews for the Times Literary Supplement, and is a member of the Editorial Board of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Early life Novick was born in New York City on August 10, 1932. He as spent most of his life in that city, with the exception of college and medical internship at Yale, residency at Vanderbilt, and a post-doctoral fellowship in London. Education and career Novick received a B.A, ''magna cum laude'' from Yale and an MD with honors in Microbiology from NYU School of Medicine, performing his honors thesis research in the laboratory of Werner Maas on the biochemist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plasmid
A plasmid is a small, extrachromosomal DNA molecule within a cell that is physically separated from chromosomal DNA and can replicate independently. They are most commonly found as small circular, double-stranded DNA molecules in bacteria and archaea; however plasmids are sometimes present in and eukaryotic organisms as well. Plasmids often carry useful genes, such as those involved in antibiotic resistance, virulence, secondary metabolism and bioremediation. While chromosomes are large and contain all the essential genetic information for living under normal conditions, plasmids are usually very small and contain additional genes for special circumstances. Artificial plasmids are widely used as vectors in molecular cloning, serving to drive the replication of recombinant DNA sequences within host organisms. In the laboratory, plasmids may be introduced into a cell via transformation. Synthetic plasmids are available for procurement over the internet by various vendors ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roy Curtiss
Roy Curtiss III is a professor of Genomics, Evolution, & Bioinformatics at the University of Florida. He was elected to the United States National Academy of Sciences in 2001. Education Curtiss earned his B.S. degree from Cornell University in 1956 and his Ph.D. from the University of Chicago in 1962. At Cornell, he was a member of the Quill and Dagger society. Career Curtiss was Charles H. McCauley Professor of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (1978–1983), Professor (1983–2005) and Chairman (1983–1993) of Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, and Professor of Genomics, Evolution, & Bioinformatics at Arizona State University Arizona State University (Arizona State or ASU) is a public university, public research university in Tempe, Arizona, United States. Founded in 1885 as Territorial Normal School by the 13th Arizona Territorial Legislature, the university is o ... (2005–2015). He was the director of the Center for Infectious ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Julian Davies (microbiologist)
Julian Edmund Davies (January 1932 – February 2025) was a British-born microbiologist and Professor Emeritus in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the University of British Columbia. Education and personal life Davies was born in Wales in January 1932. He earned a B.Sc. in 1953 (Chemistry) and a Ph.D. in 1956 (Organic Chemistry), both from the University of Nottingham. He then did post-doctoral work, first at Columbia University in New York, working on natural products chemistry under Gilbert Stork, and then at the University of Wisconsin under Eugene van Tamelen. Death Davies died on 2 February 2025, near Vancouver, B.C. Career Positions held Davies began his independent professional life in 1959 as a lecturer in the Department of Chemistry at the Manchester College of Science and Technology. This was followed by research associate positions at Harvard Medical School from 1962 to 1965 (with Bernard Davis) and at the Institute Pasteur from 1965 to 1967 (with F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lynn Novick
Lynn Novick is an American director and producer of documentary films, widely known for her work with Ken Burns. Early life Novick was born in 1962, raised in New York City, and graduated from Horace Mann School in 1979. She graduated magna cum laude from Yale University with honors in American Studies. Career Novick was a research assistant at the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American History before beginning her film career as a production assistant at WNET, a public television station in Manhattan. She then worked on Bill Moyers' projects '' Joseph Campbell and the Power of Myth'' and '' A World of Ideas with Bill Moyers'' before moving to Florentine Films in 1989 to work on Burns's 1990 series, '' The Civil War'', as associate producer for post production. In 1994, she produced Burns's nine-part series, ''Baseball'', (1994) for which she received an Emmy Award. In 1998, she was director and producer (with Burns) of two-part biographical documentary, ''Frank Ll ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New York University
New York University (NYU) is a private university, private research university in New York City, New York, United States. Chartered in 1831 by the New York State Legislature, NYU was founded in 1832 by Albert Gallatin as a Nondenominational Christianity, non-denominational all-male institution near New York City Hall, City Hall based on a curriculum focused on a secular education. The university moved in 1833 and has maintained its main campus in Greenwich Village surrounding Washington Square Park. Since then, the university has added an engineering school in Brooklyn's MetroTech Center and graduate schools throughout Manhattan. NYU is one of the largest private universities in the United States by enrollment, with a total of 51,848 enrolled students in 2021. It is one of the most applied-to schools in the country and admissions are considered selective. NYU's main campus in New York City is organized into ten undergraduate schools, including the New York University College ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Horizontal Gene Transfer
Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) or lateral gene transfer (LGT) is the movement of genetic material between organisms other than by the ("vertical") transmission of DNA from parent to offspring (reproduction). HGT is an important factor in the evolution of many organisms. HGT is influencing scientific understanding of higher-order evolution while more significantly shifting perspectives on bacterial evolution. Horizontal gene transfer is the primary mechanism for the spread of antibiotic resistance in bacteria, and plays an important role in the evolution of bacteria that can degrade novel compounds such as human-created Bactericide, pesticides and in the evolution, maintenance, and transmission of virulence. It often involves Temperateness (virology), temperate bacteriophages and plasmids. Genes responsible for antibiotic resistance in one species of bacteria can be transferred to another species of bacteria through various mechanisms of HGT such as Transformation (genetics), tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RNAIII
RNAIII is a stable 514 nt regulatory RNA transcribed by the P3 promoter of the ''Staphylococcus aureus'' quorum-sensing '' agr'' system ). It is the major effector of the ''agr'' regulon, which controls the expression of many '' S. aureus'' genes encoding exoproteins and cell wall associated proteins plus others encoding regulatory proteins The RNAIII transcript also encodes the 26 amino acid δ-haemolysin ( S''taphylococcus aureus'' delta toxin) peptide (Hld). RNAIII contains many stem loops, most of which match the Shine-Dalgarno sequence involved in translation initiation of the regulated genes. Some of these interactions are inhibitory, others stimulatory; among the former is the regulatory protein Rot. In vitro, RNAIII is expressed post exponentially, inhibiting translation of the surface proteins, notably protein A, while stimulating that of the exoproteins, many of which are tissue-degrading enzymes or cytolysins. Among the latter is the important virulence factor, α- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Accessory Gene Regulator
Accessory gene regulator (agr) is a complex 4 gene locus that is a global regulator of virulence in ''Staphylococcus aureus''. It encodes a two-component transcriptional quorum-sensing (QS) system activated by an autoinducing, thiolactone-containing cyclic peptide (AIP). Agr occurs in 4 allelic subtypes that have an important role in staphylococcal evolution. The corresponding AIPs are mutually cross-inhibitory, which may enhance the evolutionary separation of the 4 groups. The ''agr'' receptor, AgrC, is a model histidine phosphokinase (HPK) that has been used to decipher the molecular mechanism of signal transduction. AIP binding to the extracellular domain of AgrC causes twisting of the intracellular a-helical domain so as to enable trans-phosphorylation of the active site histidine; the inhibitory AIPs cause the α-helical domain to twist in the opposite direction, preventing trans-phosphorylation. The ''agr'' QS circuit autoactivates transcription of ''agrA'' which, in turn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frank Hoppensteadt
Frank Charles Hoppensteadt (born 29 April 1938) is an American mathematician, specializing in mathematical biology and dynamical systems. Frank Hoppensteadt studied physics and mathematics at Butler University with bachelor's degree in 1960. At the University of Wisconsin–Madison, he received in 1962 his master's degree and in 1965 his PhD with thesis ''Singular perturbations on the infinite interval'' under the supervision of Fred Guenther Brauer and Wolfgang Wasow. From 1965 Hoppensteadt was an assistant professor at Michigan State University in East Lansing. From 1968 he was an associate professor and later a professor at New York University's Courant Institute until his resignation in 1979. From 1977 to 1986 he was a professor at the University of Utah, where he also chaired the mathematics department. From 1986 he was Dean of Natural Science at Michigan State University and then, from 1995, at Arizona State University, Professor of Mathematics and Electrical Engineering and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emmanuelle Charpentier
Emmanuelle Marie Charpentier (; born 11 December 1968) is a French professor and researcher in microbiology, genetics, and biochemistry. As of 2015, she has been a director at the Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology in Berlin. In 2018, she founded an independent research institute, the Max Planck Unit for the Science of Pathogens. In 2020, Charpentier and American biochemist Jennifer Doudna of the University of California, Berkeley, were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for the development of a method for genome editing" (through CRISPR gene editing, CRISPR). This was the first science Nobel Prize ever won by two women only. Early life and education Charpentier's paternal grandfather, surnamed Sinanian, was an Armenians, Armenian who escaped to France during the Armenian Genocide and met his wife in Marseille. She was born in 1968 in Juvisy-sur-Orge in France and studied biochemistry, microbiology, and genetics at the Pierre and Marie Curie University (which became ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Hirst (virologist)
George Keble Hirst, M.D. (March 2, 1909 – January 22, 1994) was an American virologist and science administrator who was among the first to study the molecular biology and genetics of animal viruses, especially influenza virus. He directed the Public Health Research Institute in New York City (1956–1981), and was also the founding editor-in-chief of ''Virology (journal), Virology'', the first English-language journal to focus on viruses. He is particularly known for inventing the hemagglutination assay, a simple method for virus quantification, quantifying viruses, and adapting it into the hemagglutination inhibition assay, which measures virus-specific antibody, antibodies in serum. He was the first to discover that viruses can contain enzymes, and the first to propose that virus genomes can consist of discontinuous segments. ''The New York Times'' described him as "a pioneer in molecular virology." Education and career Hirst was born in Eau Claire, Wisconsin, Eau Claire, Wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
