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Riachuelo-class Submarine
The ''Riachuelo'' class are a Brazilian class of diesel-electric and nuclear-powered attack submarines developed by the state-owned shipyard Itaguaí Construções Navais, based on the French as part of the Submarine Development Program (PROSUB), a naval modernization plan of the Brazilian Armed Forces. Program history In 2008, the presidents of Brazil and France, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva and Nicolas Sarkozy, signed a strategic partnership to the construction of four conventionally-powered submarines, and the support for the development of the first Brazilian nuclear submarine, in a program called PROSUB. Development and design The project was initiated in 2010 with the Madeira Island base in Rio de Janeiro as the submarine development and manufacturing point. Between 2010 and 2012, a group of 31 engineers, 25 officers and 6 civil employees, received theoretical training by the DCNS in Cherbourg, France. In 2018, more than 400 Brazilian engineers worked only on the nuclea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Itaguaí Construções Navais
The Itaguaí Construções Navais S.A. known as ICN, is a Brazilian state-owned defence company specialized in naval-based platforms and naval nuclear engineering, founded on 21 August 2009. The company employs nearly to 2.000 people. History The company was created in 2009 to lead the development of projects for the naval modernization plan of the Brazilian Armed Forces, mainly of the Submarine Development Program (PROSUB), after Brazil and France signed cooperation agreements for the construction of the new conventional submarines for the Brazilian Navy, including technical assistance for the development of the hull of the first Brazilian nuclear submarine, ''Álvaro Alberto'', to be launched in 2029-30. Idealization of the company The company was created in 2009, when the Presidents of Brazil and France, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva and Nicolas Sarkozy, signed the cooperation agreements. ICN would be responsible for receiving the technology of the French diesel-electric ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madeira Island Submarine Base
Madeira Island Submarine Base – BSIM is a submarine base of the Brazilian Navy, located in Itaguaí, Brazil. History The BSIM was conceived by the Ministry of Defence in the early 2010s, in order to receive and continue the construction of the new submarines of the Navy by the Brazilian company Itaguaí Construções Navais (ICN), the base was also projected to be headquarters of the company. The base was inaugurated in 2020. The first Brazilian ''Scorpène'' class submarine (S40), was launched on 14 December 2018. The (S41) was launched on 11 December 2020. The construction of the submarines ''Tonelero'' (S42) and ''Angostura'' (S43) started in 2017 and 2018 respectively. Since 2018, the base is home to the construction of the Brazilian nuclear submarine fleet, starting with the ''Álvaro Alberto''. On 12 July 2021, the Navy transferred the Brazilian Submarine Force Command (ComForS) to the base. See also *Future of the Brazilian Navy *List of Brazilian military bas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Riachuelo-class Submarine
The ''Riachuelo'' class are a Brazilian class of diesel-electric and nuclear-powered attack submarines developed by the state-owned shipyard Itaguaí Construções Navais, based on the French as part of the Submarine Development Program (PROSUB), a naval modernization plan of the Brazilian Armed Forces. Program history In 2008, the presidents of Brazil and France, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva and Nicolas Sarkozy, signed a strategic partnership to the construction of four conventionally-powered submarines, and the support for the development of the first Brazilian nuclear submarine, in a program called PROSUB. Development and design The project was initiated in 2010 with the Madeira Island base in Rio de Janeiro as the submarine development and manufacturing point. Between 2010 and 2012, a group of 31 engineers, 25 officers and 6 civil employees, received theoretical training by the DCNS in Cherbourg, France. In 2018, more than 400 Brazilian engineers worked only on the nuclea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Attack Submarines
An attack submarine or hunter-killer submarine is a submarine specifically designed for the purpose of attacking and sinking other submarines, surface combatants and merchant vessels. In the Soviet and Russian navies they were and are called "multi-purpose submarines". They are also used to protect friendly surface combatants and missile submarines. Some attack subs are also armed with cruise missiles, increasing the scope of their potential missions to include land targets. Attack submarines may be either nuclear-powered or diesel-electric ("conventionally") powered. In the United States Navy naming system, and in the equivalent NATO system (STANAG 1166), nuclear-powered attack submarines are known as SSNs and their anti-submarine (ASW) diesel-electric predecessors are SSKs. In the US Navy, SSNs are unofficially called "fast attacks". History Origins During World War II, submarines that fulfilled the offensive surface attack role were termed fleet submarines in the U.S. Nav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Submarines
The history of the submarine spans the entire history of human endeavour as mankind has since early civilisation sought to explore and travel under the sea. Humanity has employed a variety of methods to travel underwater for exploration, recreation, research and significantly warfare. While early attempts, such as those by Alexander the Great, were rudimentary, the advent of new propulsion systems, fuels, and sonar, propelled an increase in submarine technology. The introduction of the diesel engine, then the nuclear submarine, saw great expansion in submarine use - and specifically military use - during World War I, World War II, and the Cold War. The Second World War use of the U-Boat by the German Navy against the Royal Navy and commercial shipping, and the Cold War's use of submarines by the United States and Russia, helped solidify the submarine's place in popular culture. The latter conflicts also saw an increasing role for the military submarine as a tool of subterfuge, hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brazilian Submarine Álvaro Alberto
''Álvaro Alberto'' the Brazil's first nuclear-powered attack submarine, is part of a strategic partnership signed between France and Brazil on 23 December 2008 by then-presidents Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva and Nicolas Sarkozy, that created the Submarine Development Program, a naval modernization plan of the Brazilian Armed Forces. The boat is the fifth unit of the ''Riachuelo''-class, based on the French ''Scorpène''-class. The submarine is being constructed by the Brazilian state-owned naval company ICN. Once ''Álvaro Alberto'' is completed, Brazil will be the seventh country in the world to field nuclear submarines. Brazil might be the first new operator of the ship type since 1987, when India commissioned the former Soviet Navy Charlie-class submarine INS ''Chakra''. ''Álvaro Alberto'' was named after the former Brazilian Navy vice admiral and scientist Álvaro Alberto da Motta e Silva, who was the responsible for the implementation of the country's nuclear progr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Itaguaí
Itaguaí () is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro and contains several important iron ore loading ports of the world including Ilha Guaiba. Its population was 134,819 in 2020 and its area is 273 km2. The city was founded in 1688 and lies midway between Rio de Janeiro and Angra dos Reis. Itaguaí is located approximately 75 km west of the city of Rio de Janeiro on the road to Santos (SP). It is located between the shore of Sepetiba Bay and the Atlantic Rainforest. Itaguai and the region around it contain some of the largest ore exporting ports in Brazil. It also serves also as dormitory town for workers of the industrial western zone (Zona Oeste) of Rio de Janeiro. It is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Itaguaí. Port of Itaguai (Sepetiba / Guaiba island) The Port of Itaguai was opened as a deepwater port in 1982, primarily to export alumina and other minerals found in the Minas Gerais region. It includes ports of Itaguai, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hull Classification Symbol
The United States Navy, United States Coast Guard, and United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) use a hull classification symbol (sometimes called hull code or hull number) to identify their ships by type and by individual ship within a type. The system is analogous to the pennant number system that the Royal Navy and other European and Commonwealth navies use. History United States Navy The U.S. Navy began to assign unique Naval Registry Identification Numbers to its ships in the 1890s. The system was a simple one in which each ship received a number which was appended to its ship type, fully spelled out, and added parenthetically after the ship's name when deemed necessary to avoid confusion between ships. Under this system, for example, the battleship ''Indiana'' was USS ''Indiana'' (Battleship No. 1), the cruiser ''Olympia'' was USS ''Olympia'' (Cruiser No. 6), and so on. Beginning in 1907, some ships also were referred to alternative ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SSN (hull Classification Symbol)
An SSN is a nuclear-powered general-purpose attack submarine. ''SSN'' is the US Navy hull classification symbol for such vessels; the ''SS'' denotes a submarine and the ''N'' denotes nuclear power. The designation SSN is used for interoperability throughout NATO under STANAG 1166, though navies use other terms. History The first nuclear-powered attack submarine was the US Navy's , operational from 1954. This was followed by the four submarines of the entering service in 1957. The Royal Navy's first nuclear fleet submarine was which by using an American reactor entered service in 1963. The first all-British nuclear submarines were the two s. The USN submarine fleet has been all-nuclear powered for over two decades. The bulk of the USN's SSN fleet has been the ''Los Angeles''-class attack submarine. Designed during the Cold War the ''Los Angeles''-class boats ''raison d'etre'' was to protect USN carrier battle groups and to hunt Soviet Navy SSBNs before they could launch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Displacement (ship)
The displacement or displacement tonnage of a ship is its weight. As the term indicates, it is measured indirectly, using Archimedes' principle, by first calculating the volume of water displaced by the ship, then converting that value into weight. Traditionally, various measurement rules have been in use, giving various measures in long tons. Today, tonnes are more commonly used. Ship displacement varies by a vessel's degree of load, from its empty weight as designed (known as "lightweight tonnage") to its maximum load. Numerous specific terms are used to describe varying levels of load and trim, detailed below. Ship displacement should not be confused with measurements of volume or capacity typically used for commercial vessels and measured by tonnage: net tonnage and gross tonnage. Calculation The process of determining a vessel's displacement begins with measuring its draft.George, 2005. p.5. This is accomplished by means of its "draft marks" (or "load lines"). A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pressurized Water Reactor
A pressurized water reactor (PWR) is a type of light-water nuclear reactor. PWRs constitute the large majority of the world's nuclear power plants (with notable exceptions being the UK, Japan and Canada). In a PWR, the primary coolant (water) is pumped under high pressure to the reactor core where it is heated by the energy released by the fission of atoms. The heated, high pressure water then flows to a steam generator, where it transfers its thermal energy to lower pressure water of a secondary system where steam is generated. The steam then drives turbines, which spin an electric generator. In contrast to a boiling water reactor (BWR), pressure in the primary coolant loop prevents the water from boiling within the reactor. All light-water reactors use ordinary water as both coolant and neutron moderator. Most use anywhere from two to four vertically mounted steam generators; VVER reactors use horizontal steam generators. PWRs were originally designed to serve as nuclear marine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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