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Rhipicephalus Masseyi
''Rhipicephalus'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks, consisting of about 74 or 75 species. Most are native to tropics, tropical Africa.Olwoch, J. M., et al. (2007)Climate change and the genus ''Rhipicephalus'' (Acari: Ixodidae) in Africa.''Onderstepoort J Vet Res'' 74(1), 45-72. ''Rhipicephalus'' ticks are commonly called 'the brown tick' as they are mostly brown in colour. Most adult ticks in this genus do not have colour patterns on their scutum (inornate). This makes the species difficult to distinguish from one another because most are quite similar, but individuals of one particular species can be quite variable.Beati, L. and J. E. Keirans. (2001)Analysis of the systematic relationships among ticks of the genera ''Rhipicephalus'' and ''Boophilus'' (Acari: Ixodidae) based on mitochondrial 12S ribosomal DNA gene sequences and morphological characters.''The Journal of Parasitology'' 87(1), 32. Ticks have traditionally been identified by examination of dis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus
''Rhipicephalus sanguineus'', commonly called the brown dog tick, kennel tick, or pantropical dog tick, is a species of tick found worldwide, but more commonly in warmer climates. This species is unusual among ticks in that its entire biological life cycle, lifecycle can be completed indoors. The brown dog tick is easily recognized by its reddish-brown color, elongated body shape, and hexagonal basis capituli (flat surface where mouthparts are attached). Adults are 2.28 to 3.18 mm in length and 1.11 to 1.68 mm in width. They do not have ornamentation on their backs. Development The tick follows the normal developmental stages of egg, larva, nymph, and adult. It is called a three-host tick because it feeds on a different host during each of the larval, nymphal, and adult stages. However, the hosts tend to be of one species. Larvae feed for 5–15 days, drop from the host, and develop into nymphs after 1–2 weeks. The nymphs then attach to either the previous host or a d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neurotoxin
Neurotoxins are toxins that are destructive to nervous tissue, nerve tissue (causing neurotoxicity). Neurotoxins are an extensive class of exogenous chemical neurological insult (medical), insultsSpencer 2000 that can adversely affect function in both developing and mature nervous tissue.Olney 2002 The term can also be used to classify endogenous compounds, which, when abnormally contacted, can prove neurologically toxic. Though neurotoxins are often neurologically destructive, their ability to specifically target neural components is important in the study of nervous systems. Common examples of neurotoxins include lead, ethanol (drinking alcohol), glutamate,Choi 1987 nitric oxide, botulinum toxin (e.g. Botox), tetanus toxin,Simpson 1986 and tetrodotoxin. Some substances such as nitric oxide and glutamate are in fact essential for proper function of the body and only exert neurotoxic effects at excessive concentrations. Neurotoxins inhibit neuron control over ion concentrations ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhipicephalus Bursa
''Rhipicephalus'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks, consisting of about 74 or 75 species. Most are native to tropical Africa.Olwoch, J. M., et al. (2007)Climate change and the genus ''Rhipicephalus'' (Acari: Ixodidae) in Africa.''Onderstepoort J Vet Res'' 74(1), 45-72. ''Rhipicephalus'' ticks are commonly called 'the brown tick' as they are mostly brown in colour. Most adult ticks in this genus do not have colour patterns on their scutum (inornate). This makes the species difficult to distinguish from one another because most are quite similar, but individuals of one particular species can be quite variable.Beati, L. and J. E. Keirans. (2001)Analysis of the systematic relationships among ticks of the genera ''Rhipicephalus'' and ''Boophilus'' (Acari: Ixodidae) based on mitochondrial 12S ribosomal DNA gene sequences and morphological characters.''The Journal of Parasitology'' 87(1), 32. Ticks have traditionally been identified by examination of distinctiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhipicephalus Appendiculatus
''Rhipicephalus appendiculatus'', the brown ear tick, is a hard tick found in Africa where it spreads the parasite '' Theileria parva'', the cause of East Coast fever in cattle. The tick has a three-host life-cycle, spending around 10% of its life feeding on animals. The most common host species include buffalo, cattle, and large antelope, but ''R. appendiculatus'' is also found on other animals, such as hares, dogs, and warthogs. ''Rhipicephalus appendiculatus'' is found in the center, east and south-east of Africa, in areas with at least of rainfall each year. ''R. appendiculatus'' is long, and is a dark reddish-brown or brown color. The sex pheromone used by female ticks to attract males for mating consists of two chemicals; phenol and p-cresol. References {{Authority control Ixodidae Animals described in 1901 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nairobi Sheep Disease Orthonairovirus
Nairobi sheep disease virus (NSDV), also known as Ganjam virus, is a species in the genus '' Orthonairovirus'' belonging to the Nairobi sheep disease serogroup. NSDV is enzootic, becoming epizootic when denser populations of susceptible animals are exposed to infection. NSDV's known hosts belong to the hard tick family Ixodidae, including ''Rhipicephalus appendiculatus'', and '' Amblyomma variegatum'', and afflict sheep and goats naturally. The virus is in the family Nairoviridae and order Bunyavirales. Symptoms Symptoms of an animal infected with NSDV may include fever, reduction in white blood cells, rapid respiration, anorexia, profound depression, diarrhea, drop in body temperature, premature abortion, and eventually death. History NSDV was first recognised in 1917 as the causative agent of a disease that was affecting sheep transported from the Maasai region of Kenya for sale in the Nairobi livestock markets, where a 70% mortality rate was recorded for local breeds shee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
