|
Rhaetina
''Rhaetina'' is an extinct genus of brachiopods belonging to the family Angustothyrididae. Species Species within this genus include: * †''Rhaetina beskessensis'' Dagys 1963 * †''Rhaetina caucasica'' Dagys 1963 * †''Rhaetina columnaris'' Jin et al. 1979 * †''Rhaetina elliptica'' Dagys 1963 * †''Rhaetina gregaria'' Suess 1854 * †''Rhaetina incurvirostra'' Hoover 1979 * †''Rhaetina jomdaensis'' Sun 1981 * †''Rhaetina ovalis'' Pearson 1977 * †''Rhaetina parva'' Jin et al. 1979 * †''Rhaetina pyriformis'' Suess 1854 * †''Rhaetina subcircularis'' Yang and Xu 1966 * †''Rhaetina taurica'' Moisseiev 1932 * †''Rhaetina tirolensis'' Siblik 1999 * †''Rhaetina triangularis'' Detre 1970 * †''Rhaetina zigasiensis'' Xu 1978 Fossil records This genus is known in the fossil record from the Triassic period (from about 251.3 to 201.6 million years ago). Fossils of species within this genus have been found in Europe, Canada, United States, China, Iran, Russia, Ukraine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elvis Taxon
In paleontology, an Elvis taxon (plural ''Elvis taxa'') is a taxon that has been misidentified as having re-emerged in the fossil record after a period of presumed extinction, but is not actually a descendant of the original taxon, instead having developed a similar morphology by convergent evolution. This implies that the extinction of the original taxon is real, and one taxon containing specimens from before and after the extinction would be polyphyletic. Etymology The term "Elvis taxon" was coined by D. H. Erwin and M. L. Droser in a 1993 paper to distinguish descendant from non-descendant taxa: Related but distinctive concepts By contrast, a Lazarus taxon is one that really is a descendant of the original taxon, and highlights transitional fossil records, which might be found later. A zombie taxon has been considered a Lazarus taxon because it has been collected from younger strata, but it later turns out to be a fossil that was freed from the original seam and was refoss ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Brachiopod Genera
This is a list of brachiopod genera which includes both extinct (fossil) forms and extant (living) genera (bolded). Names are according to the conventions of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. A *'' Aalenirhynchia'' *'' Aberia'' *''Aboriginella'' *''Abrekia'' *'' Absenticosta'' *''Abyssorhynchia'' *''Abyssothyris'' *'' Acambona'' *'' Acanthalosia'' *'' Acanthambonia'' *'' Acanthatia'' *'' Acanthobasiliola'' *'' Acanthocosta'' *'' Acanthocrania'' *'' Acanthoglypha'' *'' Acanthoplecta'' *'' Acanthoproductus'' *'' Acanthorhynchia'' *'' Acanthorthis'' *'' Acanthospirifer'' *'' Acanthospirina'' *'' Acanthothyris'' *'' Acanthothyropsis'' *'' Acanthotoechia'' *'' Acareorthis'' *'' Acculina'' *'' Achunoproductus'' *'' Acidotocarena'' *'' Acolosia'' *'' Acosarina'' *'' Acritosia'' *''Acrobelesia'' (fossil per IRMNG) *''Acrobrochus'' *'' Acrospirifer'' *'' Acrothele'' *'' Acrothyra'' *'' Acrothyris'' *'' Acrotreta'' *'' Acrotretella'' *'' Actinoconchus'' *'' Actinomena'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ladinian
The Ladinian is a stage and age in the Middle Triassic series or epoch. It spans the time between Ma and ~237 Ma (million years ago). The Ladinian was preceded by the Anisian and succeeded by the Carnian (part of the Upper or Late Triassic). The Ladinian is coeval with the Falangian regional stage used in China. Stratigraphic definitions The Ladinian was established by Austrian geologist Alexander Bittner in 1892. Its name comes from the Ladin people that live in the Italian Alps (in the Dolomites, then part of Austria-Hungary). The base of the Ladinian Stage is defined as the place in the stratigraphic record where the ammonite species '' Eoprotrachyceras curionii'' first appears or the first appearance of the conodont '' Budurovignathus praehungaricus''. The global reference profile for the base (the GSSP) is at an outcrop in the river bed of the Caffaro river at Bagolino, in the province of Brescia, northern Italy.The GSSP was established by Brack ''et al.'' (200 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Animal
Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms in the Kingdom (biology), biological kingdom Animalia. With few exceptions, animals Heterotroph, consume organic material, Cellular respiration#Aerobic respiration, breathe oxygen, are Motility, able to move, can Sexual reproduction, reproduce sexually, and go through an ontogenetic stage in which their body consists of a hollow sphere of Cell (biology), cells, the blastula, during Embryogenesis, embryonic development. Over 1.5 million Extant taxon, living animal species have been Species description, described—of which around 1 million are Insecta, insects—but it has been estimated there are over 7 million animal species in total. Animals range in length from to . They have Ecology, complex interactions with each other and their environments, forming intricate food webs. The scientific study of animals is known as zoology. Most living animal species are in Bilateria, a clade whose members have a Symmetry in biology#Bilate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brachiopod
Brachiopods (), phylum Brachiopoda, are a phylum of trochozoan animals that have hard "valves" (shells) on the upper and lower surfaces, unlike the left and right arrangement in bivalve molluscs. Brachiopod valves are hinged at the rear end, while the front can be opened for feeding or closed for protection. Two major categories are traditionally recognized, articulate and inarticulate brachiopods. The word "articulate" is used to describe the tooth-and-groove structures of the valve-hinge which is present in the articulate group, and absent from the inarticulate group. This is the leading diagnostic skeletal feature, by which the two main groups can be readily distinguished as fossils. Articulate brachiopods have toothed hinges and simple, vertically-oriented opening and closing muscles. Conversely, inarticulate brachiopods have weak, untoothed hinges and a more complex system of vertical and oblique (diagonal) muscles used to keep the two valves aligned. In many brachiopods, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhynchonellata
The Rhynchonellata is a class of Lower Cambrian to Recent articulate brachiopods that combines orders from within the Rhynchonelliformea (Articulata revised) with well developed pedicle attachment. Shell forms vary from those with wide hinge lines to beaked forms with virtually no hinge line and from generally smooth to strongly plicate. Most all are biconvex. Lophophores vary and include both looped and spiraled forms. Although morphologically distinct, included orders follow a consistent phylogenetic sequence. Orders Orders assigned to the Rhynchonellata, in temporal sequence, include: * Protorthida ''L Camb - U Dev'' * Orthida ''L Camb - U Perm'' * Pentamerida ''M Camb - U Dev'' * Atrypida ''L Ord - U Dev'' * Rhynchonellida ''L Ord -Rec'' * Spiriferida ''U Ord - U Perm'' * Athyridida ''U Ord - L Jura'' * Spiriferinida ''L Dev - L Jura'' * Terebratulida ''L Dev - Rec'' * Thecideida ''U Trias - Rec'' The Atrypida, Athyridida, Spiriferida, and Spiriferinida were pre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Terebratulida
Terebratulids are one of only three living orders of articulate brachiopods, the others being the Rhynchonellida and the Thecideida. Craniida and Lingulida include living brachiopods, but are inarticulates. The name, Terebratula, may be derived from the Latin "terebra", meaning "hole-borer". The perceived resemblance of terebratulid shells to ancient Roman oil lamps gave the brachiopods their common name "lamp shell". Terebratulids typically have biconvex shells that are usually ovoid to circular in outline. They can be either smooth or have radial ribbing. The lophophore support is loop shaped in contrast to the spiralia of similar looking spiriferids. Terebratulids are also distinguished by a very short hinge line, and the shell is punctate in microstructure. There is a circular pedicle opening, or foramen, located in the beak. Terebratulids may have evolved from Atrypids during the early or Middle Silurian. Early genera were almost circular to elongate-oval, with smoot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wilhelm Heinrich Waagen
Wilhelm Heinrich Waagen (23 June 184124 March 1900) was a German geologist and paleontologist. He was born in Munich and died in Vienna. Overview He received a Doctor of Philosophy degree at the University of Munich, where he studied the rocks and fossils of the Jurassic system, and published an elaborate work on geology (''Versuch einer Allgemeinen Classification der Schichten des oberen Jura'') that was crowned by the university. In 1866 he became an instructor in palaeontology at the University of Munich and at the same time taught Princess Theresa and Prince Arnulf of Bavaria. Although an excellent teacher, and especially competent in practical work, Waagen, who was a most loyal Catholic, had little prospect of obtaining a professorship at the University of Munich. Consequently, in 1870, he accepted the offer of a position as assistant in the geological survey of India, and was appointed palaeontologist in 1874. In 1875, he returned permanently to Europe because of the severit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brachiopod
Brachiopods (), phylum Brachiopoda, are a phylum of trochozoan animals that have hard "valves" (shells) on the upper and lower surfaces, unlike the left and right arrangement in bivalve molluscs. Brachiopod valves are hinged at the rear end, while the front can be opened for feeding or closed for protection. Two major categories are traditionally recognized, articulate and inarticulate brachiopods. The word "articulate" is used to describe the tooth-and-groove structures of the valve-hinge which is present in the articulate group, and absent from the inarticulate group. This is the leading diagnostic skeletal feature, by which the two main groups can be readily distinguished as fossils. Articulate brachiopods have toothed hinges and simple, vertically-oriented opening and closing muscles. Conversely, inarticulate brachiopods have weak, untoothed hinges and a more complex system of vertical and oblique (diagonal) muscles used to keep the two valves aligned. In many brachiopods, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Triassic
The Triassic ( ) is a geologic period and system which spans 50.6 million years from the end of the Permian Period 251.902 million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Jurassic Period 201.36 Mya. The Triassic is the first and shortest period of the Mesozoic Era. Both the start and end of the period are marked by major extinction events. The Triassic Period is subdivided into three epochs: Early Triassic, Middle Triassic and Late Triassic. The Triassic began in the wake of the Permian–Triassic extinction event, which left the Earth's biosphere impoverished; it was well into the middle of the Triassic before life recovered its former diversity. Three categories of organisms can be distinguished in the Triassic record: survivors from the extinction event, new groups that flourished briefly, and other new groups that went on to dominate the Mesozoic Era. Reptiles, especially archosaurs, were the chief terrestrial vertebrates during this time. A specialized subgroup of arch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
_01_svg.svg "Click for more on -> Brachiopod")
