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Renault Latitude
The Renault Latitude is an executive car produced by the French automaker Renault, and announced in June 2010. It debuted at the Moscow International Automobile Salon, at the end of August 2010. The Latitude served as the company's flagship vehicle, before it was replaced in 2016 by the Renault Talisman. Design The Latitude is a four-door saloon based on the Renault–Nissan D platform, and already developed as the third generation (L43) Renault Samsung SM5. The Latitude was facelifted for 2015, with a new rear fascia. Marketing The Latitude is the successor to the Renault Vel Satis, which went out of production in August 2009. Sales of Renault Latitude began in Asia, Australia and Eastern Europe in the autumn of 2010. In Mexico, it was launched during the first quarter of 2011 as the Renault Safrane. The European version of the Latitude, with full details of the model's equipment lists and engines ranges, was shown at the 2010 Paris Motor Show, and sales in Western Europ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Renault Samsung SM5
The Renault Samsung SM5 is a mid-size car or large family car (D-segment in Europe) produced by the South Korean manufacturer Renault Samsung Motors, with technical assistance from Japanese automaker Nissan. Between 1998 and 2012, Renault Samsung Motors had produced 680,000 SM5 models. In 2018, 10,002 models were made at the Busan plant. The first generation was launched in 1998, with the second generation introduced in 2005 and the current third generation SM5 launched in 2009. In some markets, the SM5 is sold as the Renault Latitude or Renault Safrane. __TOC__ First generation (KPQ/A32; 1998–2005) The first generation model was based on the Nissan Maxima (A32). File:01 Samsung SM5 (first generation) back.jpg , Rear view File:05 Samsung SM5 (first generation).jpg , Facelift Second generation (EX1/DF(A34R); 2005–2010) The second generation model replaced the previous model in 2005. It is based on its sibling, the SM7. The model was seen in Australia being teste ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nissan MR Engine
The Nissan MR engine family consists of straight-four 16-valve all-aluminium automobile engines with variable valve timing co-developed by Renault and Nissan. Renault calls it the M engine. Other noteworthy features of this engine family include acoustically equal runner lengths and a tumble control valve for the intake manifold, a "silent" timing chain, mirror finished crankshaft and camshaft journals, and offset cylinder placement in an attempt for increased efficiency. The MR engine family features 'under stress' manufacture, meaning while the block is being bored, a torque plate puts the block under stress. The block becomes temporarily distorted until the head is torqued onto it, at which point the block is pulled into the correct shape. __TOC__ MR16DDT (Renault M5Mt) The MR16DDT is a DIG-T ( Direct Injection Gasoline-Turbocharged) inline-four 16-valve engine, with a bore x stroke of . It was first introduced in the Nissan Juke small SUV in the autumn of 2010. Ou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moscow International Automobile Salon
The Moscow International Automobile Salon or MIAS (russian: Московский Международный Автомобильный Салон) is the biennial auto show held at Crocus Expo in Moscow, Russia. The show is scheduled by the Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobiles, which considers it a major international auto show. The organizers are the Association of Russian Carmakers NP and the Expo Centre. Numerous dealer conferences organized by car producers are forming the integral part of the program. In September 2010, it received the status of 'A' ''High Class Automobile Salon''. History 2006 The 2006 show was held from 30 August to 10 September. 2008 The 2008 show was held from 26 August to 7 September. Introductions: * Audi A6 (facelift) * Audi RS6 * Citroën C4 I (facelift) * Lexus LS460 AWD * Mazda Kazamai Concept * Mitsubishi Pajero Sport * Renault Symbol 2010 The 2010 show was held from 25 August to 5 September. Introductions: * Ford Mon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area extends from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean and from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea; overseas territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the North Atlantic, the French West Indies, and many islands in Oceania and the Indian Ocean. Due to its several coastal territories, France has the largest exclusive economic zone in the world. France borders Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Switzerland, Monaco, Italy, Andorra, and Spain in continental Europe, as well as the Netherlands, Suriname, and Brazil in the Americas via its overseas territories in French Guiana and Saint Martin. Its eighteen integral regions (five of which are overseas) span a combined area of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Executive Car
Executive car is a British term for a large car which is equivalent to the European E-segment and American full-size classifications. Executive cars are larger than compact executive cars (and the non-luxury equivalent mid-size cars), and smaller than luxury saloons / full-size luxury sedans. The term has also been adopted by Euro NCAP, a European organization founded to test for car safety. Background The term was coined in the 1960s to describe cars targeted at successful professionals and middle-to-senior managers. It was used by businesses as an incentive for employees in senior roles and to exploit Britain and Europe's tax schemes as a company owned vehicle. Early executive cars typically offered engines with displacements of , compared with for an equivalent sized—but less luxurious—"large family car". Prior to the 1990s, executive cars were typically sedans, however in recent years they have also been produced in other body styles, such as estates ( station ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Automatic Transmission
An automatic transmission (sometimes abbreviated to auto or AT) is a multi-speed transmission (mechanics), transmission used in internal combustion engine-based motor vehicles that does not require any input from the driver to change forward gears under normal driving conditions. It typically includes a transmission, axle, and Differential (mechanical device), differential in one integrated assembly, thus technically becoming a transaxle. The most common type of automatic transmission is the #Hydraulic automatics, hydraulic automatic, which uses a planetary gearset, Hydraulic machinery, hydraulic controls, and a torque converter. Other types of automatic transmissions include continuously variable transmissions (CVT), automated manual transmissions (AMT), and dual-clutch transmissions (DCT). An electronic automatic transmission (EAT) may also be called an electronically controlled transmission (ECT), or electronic automatic transaxle (EATX). A hydraulic automatic transmission may ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Continuously Variable Transmission
A continuously variable transmission (CVT) is an automatic transmission that can change seamlessly through a continuous range of gear ratios. This contrasts with other transmissions that provide a limited number of gear ratios in fixed steps. The flexibility of a CVT with suitable control may allow the engine to operate at a constant RPM while the vehicle moves at varying speeds. CVTs are used in cars, tractors, side-by-sides, motor scooters, snowmobiles, bicycles, and earthmoving equipment. The most common type of CVT uses two pulleys connected by a belt or chain; however, several other designs have also been used at times. Types Pulley-based The most common type of CVT uses a V-belt which runs between two variable-diameter pulleys. The pulleys consist of two cone-shaped halves that move together and apart. The V-belt runs between these two-halves, so the effective diameter of the pulley is dependent on the distance between the two-halves of the pulley. The V- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dual-clutch Transmission
A dual-clutch transmission (DCT) (sometimes referred to as a twin-clutch transmission) is a type of multi-speed vehicle transmission system, that uses two separate clutches for odd and even gear sets. The design is often similar to two separate manual transmissions with their respective clutches contained within one housing, and working as one unit. In car and truck applications, the DCT functions as an automatic transmission, requiring no driver input to change gears. The first DCT to reach production was the ''Easidrive'' automatic transmission introduced on the 1961 Hillman Minx mid-size car. This was followed by various eastern European tractors through the 1970s (using manual operation via a single clutch pedal), then the Porsche 962 C racing car in 1985. The first DCT of the modern era was used in the 2003 Volkswagen Golf R32. Since the late 2000s, DCTs have become increasingly widespread, and have supplanted hydraulic automatic transmissions in various models of car ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manual Transmission
A manual transmission (MT), also known as manual gearbox, standard transmission (in Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States), or stick shift (in the United States), is a multi-speed motor vehicle transmission system, where gear changes require the driver to manually select the gears by operating a gear stick and clutch (which is usually a foot pedal for cars or a hand lever for motorcycles). Early automobiles used ''sliding-mesh'' manual transmissions with up to three forward gear ratios. Since the 1950s, ''constant-mesh'' manual transmissions have become increasingly commonplace and the number of forward ratios has increased to 5-speed and 6-speed manual transmissions for current vehicles. The alternative to a manual transmission is an automatic transmission; common types of automatic transmissions are the hydraulic automatic transmission (AT), and the continuously variable transmission (CVT), whereas the automated manual transmission (AMT) and dual-clutch tran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
V9X Engine
The V9X is a common rail 65 degree V6 24-valve DOHC turbo-diesel developed by the Renault-Nissan Alliance, and first installed in the Renault Laguna in 2009. It was subsequently made available for both longitudinal-engine vehicles including Nissan Pathfinder, Nissan Navara, Infiniti FX, Infiniti EX, and Infiniti M and transverse-engine vehicles including Renault Latitude and Laguna Coupé. Engine power and combustion The V9X V6 diesel engine develops and of torque. Peak torque is achieved from as low as 1,750 rpm to 2,500 rpm, with available from 1,500 rpm. Idle speed is 650 rpm. The engine has a single turbocharger located within the vee of the engine, fed from both banks and is equipped with an intercooler and Bosch Common rail fuel injection. This system incorporates piezo injectors and operates at . The combustion chamber design was optimized to improve the balance between emission levels and fuel efficiency; the compression ratio is 16.0:1. Emissions and fuel consump ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Common Rail
Common rail direct fuel injection is a direct fuel injection system built around a high-pressure (over ) fuel rail feeding solenoid valves, as opposed to a low-pressure fuel pump feeding unit injectors (or pump nozzles). High-pressure injection delivers power and fuel consumption benefits over earlier lower pressure fuel injection, by injecting fuel as a larger number of smaller droplets, giving a much higher ratio of surface area to volume. This provides improved vaporization from the surface of the fuel droplets, and so more efficient combining of atmospheric oxygen with vaporized fuel delivering more complete combustion. Common rail injection is widely used in diesel engines. It is also the basis of gasoline direct injection systems used on petrol engines. History Vickers pioneered the use of common rail injection in submarine engines. Vickers engines with the common rail fuel system were first used in 1916 in the G-class submarines. It used four plunger pumps to deliver ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
V6 Engine
A V6 engine is a six- cylinder piston engine where the cylinders share a common crankshaft and are arranged in a V configuration. The first V6 engines were designed and produced independently by Marmon Motor Car Company, Deutz Gasmotoren Fabrik and Delahaye. Engines built after World War II include the Lancia V6 engine in 1950 for the Lancia Aurelia, and the Buick V6 engine in 1962 for the Buick Special. The V6 layout has become the most common layout for six-cylinder automotive engines. Design Due to their short length, V6 engines are often used as the larger engine option for vehicles which are otherwise produced with inline-four engines, especially in transverse engine vehicles. A downside for luxury cars is that V6 engines produce more vibrations than straight-six engines. Some sports cars use flat-six engines instead of V6 engines, due to their lower centre of gravity (which improves the handling). The displacement of modern V6 engines is typically between ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
