|
Regolamento Internazionale Veicoli
The International Wagon Regulations (' or ''{{lang, it, Regolamento Internazionale dei Veicoli'' ) or RIV about the international use of goods wagons in Europe were first agreed between the European railways in 1922. They were superseded on 1 July 2006 by the General Contract of Use for Freight Wagons (AVV). Nevertheless, the letters RIV continue to stand for goods wagons that are used internationally. Only the loading regulations in Annex II remain in force until further notice. The remainder were superseded by the AVV and replaced or rescinded. Technical requirements The RIV laid down the technical requirements that a wagon had to meet in order to be used in international service. Wagons that fulfilled these requirements were given the letters ''RIV'' and were allowed to be used on all RIV railways without special permission. It was possible to tell from the first two numbers of the 12-digit wagon number whether it was a RIV wagon. They were given the numbers: *01-09 *11-19 *21 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General Contract Of Use For Freight Wagons
A general officer is an officer of high rank in the armies, and in some nations' air and space forces, marines or naval infantry. In some usages, the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colonel."general, adj. and n.". OED Online. March 2021. Oxford University Press. https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/77489?rskey=dCKrg4&result=1 (accessed May 11, 2021) The adjective ''general'' had been affixed to officer designations since the late medieval period to indicate relative superiority or an extended jurisdiction. French Revolutionary system Arab system Other variations Other nomenclatures for general officers include the titles and ranks: * Adjutant general * Commandant-general * Inspector general * General-in-chief * General of the Air Force (USAF only) * General of the Armies of the United States (of America), a title created for General John J. Pershing, and subsequently granted posthumously to George Washington and Ulysses S. Grant * (" general admiral") ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wagon Number
Wagon numbers (or coach numbers) are key data for railway operations. They enable a railway wagon or coach to be positively identified and form a common language between railway operators, infrastructure companies and the state authorities. The system of wagon numbering has been laid down by the International Union of Railways (''Union internationale des chemins de fer'' or ''UIC'', founded in 1922) and is similar to that used for the locomotives and multiple units. Vehicle numbering is now governed by the Intergovernmental Organisation for International Carriage by Rail and in Technical Specifications for Interoperability (TSI) of the European Union. The complete wagon number comprises 12 digits. The individual digits have the following meaning: Placement of the code As shown on the photographs at right, the code may be arranged either vertically (e.g. on closed wagons) on three or more lines at man's height with the letter codes next to the corresponding part of the dig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Coach Regulations
{{short description, Regulations covering international use of passenger coaches among European railways The International Coach Regulations or RIC (Regolamento Internazionale delle Carrozze) were first agreed in 1922 and covered the international use of railway passenger coaches between European railways. Until 1982 the RIC was looked after by the Swiss Federal Railways, but since then the International Union of Railways (UIC) has taken responsibility for them. Today 27 railway companies from all the European countries apart from the United Kingdom, Ireland and Finland are party to the RIC agreement. Technical requirements The RIC lays down the technical requirements that a coach must meet in order to be used in international services. Coaches that fulfil these requirements are given the symbol ''RIC'' and can be used on all RIC railways without needing special permission. RIC table In the ''RIC table'' painted on the coach the permitted top speed, voltages and maximum current th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rail Transport In Europe
Rail transport in Europe has diverse technological standards, operating concepts, and infrastructures. Common features are the widespread use of Standard-gauge railway, standard-gauge rail, high operational safety and a high proportion of railway electrification, electrification. Electrified railway networks in Europe operate at many different voltages, both alternating current, AC and direct current, DC, varying from 750 to 25,000 volts, and railway signalling, signaling systems vary from country to country, complicating cross-border traffic. The European Union (EU) aims to make cross-border operations easier as well as to introduce competition to national rail networks. EU member states were empowered to separate the provision of transport services and the management of the infrastructure by the Single European Railway Directive 2012. Usually, national railway company, railway companies were split into separate divisions or independent companies for infrastructure, passenger ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Freight Rolling Stock
In transportation, cargo refers to goods transported by land, water or air, while freight refers to its conveyance. In economics, freight refers to goods transported at a freight rate for commercial gain. The term cargo is also used in case of goods in the cold-chain, because the perishable inventory is always in transit towards a final end-use, even when it is held in cold storage or other similar climate-controlled facilities, including warehouses. Multi-modal container units, designed as reusable carriers to facilitate unit load handling of the goods contained, are also referred to as cargo, especially by shipping lines and logistics operators. When empty containers are shipped each unit is documented as a cargo and when goods are stored within, the contents are termed containerized cargo. Similarly, aircraft ULD boxes are also documented as cargo, with an associated packing list of the items contained within. Description Marine Seaport terminals handle a wide range ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Union Of Railways
The International Union of Railways (, UIC) is an international rail transport industry body based in Paris. History The railways of Europe had originated during the nineteenth century as many separate concerns across numerous nations; this led to disparate and conflicting standards emerging and thus onto incompatibility. One prominent example was the British Gauge War, during which different rail transport, railway companies were laying different track gauges across Great Britain, causing inefficiency wherever a break of gauge occurred, prior to an Regulating the Gauge of Railways Act 1846, Act of Parliament the issue in 1846 by establishing one standard gauge of . The early effort towards standardisation somewhat influenced railways aboard as well, however various other track gauges persisted and developed across the world; even through to the twenty first century, incompatible track gauges, let alone other issues, persisted to hinder interoperability efforts. Several key eve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Transport Law
International is an adjective (also used as a noun) meaning "between nations". International may also refer to: Music Albums * ''International'' (Kevin Michael album), 2011 * ''International'' (New Order album), 2002 * ''International'' (The Three Degrees album), 1975 *''International'', 2018 album by L'Algérino Songs * The Internationale, the left-wing anthem * "International" (Chase & Status song), 2014 * "International", by Adventures in Stereo from ''Monomania'', 2000 * "International", by Brass Construction from ''Renegades'', 1984 * "International", by Thomas Leer from ''The Scale of Ten'', 1985 * "International", by Kevin Michael from ''International'' (Kevin Michael album), 2011 * "International", by McGuinness Flint from ''McGuinness Flint'', 1970 * "International", by Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark from '' Dazzle Ships'', 1983 * "International (Serious)", by Estelle from '' All of Me'', 2012 Politics * Internationalism (politics) * Political international, any ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
