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Rede Mulher
Rede Mulher was a Free-to-air television broadcaster from Brazil founded on August 8, 1994. Though the broadcast was made from the city of Araraquara, in the central region of the state of São Paulo, all of its television productions was produced in the broadcaster's studios in the capital, São Paulo. Since the channel's debut, the IBOPE (measure of channel popularity) has been relatively low. Promising to invest in quality and in the workers, the Universal Church, bought part of the station in 1999 through Edir Macedo. Shortly after the purchase of the broadcaster, Edir Macedo moved the headquarters of Rede Mulher to the old premises of Rede Record, at Miruna Avenue in Moema—unoccupied since the broadcast moved to the Barra Funda neighborhood in 1995. From this, structural investments in the channel began. In September 2000, Rede Mulher invested US$500.000 in the acquisition of a new digital capture and completion system, reworked its studios and launched new programs. In ...
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Free-to-air
Free-to-air (FTA) services are television (TV) and radio services broadcast in unencrypted form, allowing any person with the appropriate receiving equipment to receive the signal and view or listen to the content without requiring a subscription, other ongoing cost, or one-off fee (e.g., pay-per-view). In the traditional sense, this is carried on terrestrial radio signals and received with an antenna. FTA also refers to channels and broadcasters providing content for which no subscription is expected, even though they may be delivered to the viewer/listener by another carrier for which a subscription is required, e.g., cable television, the Internet, or satellite. These carriers may be mandated (or OPT) in some geographies to deliver FTA channels even if a premium subscription is not present (providing the necessary equipment is still available), especially where FTA channels are expected to be used for emergency broadcasts, similar to the mandatory emergency phone num ...
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Universal Church Of The Kingdom Of God
The Universal Church of the Kingdom of God (UCKG; ; , IURD) is an international Evangelical Neo-charismatic movement, Neo-charismatic Christian denomination with its headquarters at the Temple of Solomon (UCKG), Temple of Solomon in São Paulo, Brazil. The church was founded in 1977 in Rio de Janeiro by Bishop Edir Macedo, who is the owner (since 1989) of the multi-billion television company RecordTV. "in 1992 Edir Macedo was imprisoned accused of charlatanism, quackery, and larceny by fraud" In 1999 the UCKG claimed to have 8 million members in Brazil and was already considered a "commercial church". The denomination had established temples in the United Kingdom and in Africa and India, claiming a total of more than 12 million members worldwide that year. By 2013, the UCKG had congregations in New York City, and—according to the UCKG's website in the United States— had more than 300 congregations in 33 U.S. states. The church supported Jair Bolsonaro for President of Brazil, ...
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Women's Interest Channels
A women's interest channel generally refers to either a television station, network or specialty channel that targets women as its main demographic Demography () is the statistics, statistical study of human populations: their size, composition (e.g., ethnic group, age), and how they change through the interplay of fertility (births), mortality (deaths), and migration. Demographic analy ...; offering programs that will appeal to the female population. There are two types of female interest channels: ''general interest'' and ''niche interest''. General interest General interest women's channels are television channels that contain programming from diverse genres and categories that will appeal to the female population including films, lifestyle series, dramatic series, reality series, comedy series, and talk shows on varying topics including cooking, travel, cars, sexism, and sports. Niche interest Niche interest women's channels are television channels that contain prog ...
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Defunct Television Channels In Brazil
Defunct may refer to: * ''Defunct'' (video game), 2014 * Zombie process or defunct process, in Unix-like operating systems See also * * :Former entities * End-of-life product * Obsolescence Obsolescence is the process of becoming antiquated, out of date, old-fashioned, no longer in general use, or no longer useful, or the condition of being in such a state. When used in a biological sense, it means imperfect or rudimentary when comp ...
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Portuguese-language Television Networks
Portuguese ( or ) is a Western Romance language of the Indo-European language family originating from the Iberian Peninsula of Europe. It is the official language of Angola, Brazil, Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique, Portugal and São Tomé and Príncipe, and has co-official language status in East Timor, Equatorial Guinea and Macau. Portuguese-speaking people or nations are known as Lusophone (). As the result of expansion during colonial times, a cultural presence of Portuguese speakers is also found around the world. Portuguese is part of the Iberian Romance languages, Ibero-Romance group that evolved from several dialects of Vulgar Latin in the medieval Kingdom of Galicia and the County of Portugal, and has kept some Gallaecian language, Celtic phonology. With approximately 250 million native speakers and 17 million second language speakers, Portuguese has approximately 267 million total speakers. It is usually listed as the List of languages by number of native speaker ...
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Umbanda
Umbanda () is a religion that emerged in Brazil during the 1920s. Deriving largely from Kardecist spiritism, Spiritism, it also combines elements from African diasporic religions, Afro-Brazilian traditions like Candomblé as well as Roman Catholicism. There is no central authority in control of Umbanda, which is organized around autonomous places of worship termed ''centros'' or ''terreiros'', the followers of which are called ''Umbandistas''. Adherents of this monotheism, monotheistic religion believe in a single God who is distant from humanity. Beneath this entity are powerful non-human spirits called ''Orisha, orixás''. In the more Spiritist-oriented wing of the religion, White Umbanda, these are viewed as divine energies or forces of nature; in more Africanised forms they are seen as West African deities and are offered animal sacrifices. The emissaries of the ''orixás'' are the ''pretos velhos'' and ''caboclos'', spirits of enslaved Africans and of Indigenous peoples in ...
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Candomblé
Candomblé () is an African diaspora religions, African diasporic religion that developed in Brazil during the 19th century. It arose through a process of syncretism between several of the traditional religions of West and Central Africa, especially those of Yoruba religion, the Yoruba, Bantu mythology, Bantu, and Gbe languages, Gbe, coupled with influences from Roman Catholicism. There is no central authority in control of Candomblé, which is organized around autonomous ''terreiros'' (houses). Candomblé venerates spirits, known varyingly as ''Orisha, orixás'', ''inkice'', or ''vodun'', which are deemed subservient to a transcendent creator god, Olorun, Oludumaré. Deriving their names and attributes from traditional West African deities, the ''orixás'' are linked with Roman Catholic saints. Each individual is believed to have a tutelary ''orixá'' who has been connected to them since before birth and who informs their personality. An initiatory tradition, Candomblé's member ...
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Rede Record
Record (stylized in uppercase; ), formerly known as Rede Record and RecordTV, is a Brazilian free-to-air television network. It is currently the second largest commercial TV station in Brazil, and the 28th largest in the 2012 world ranking. In 2010, it was elected by the advertising market as the fifth largest station in the world in revenues and the eighth largest network in physical structure. In June 2021, it ranked second among the most watched channels in the country in the National Television Panel, behind only TV Globo. As the main member of the media company Grupo Record, the network is headquartered in São Paulo, where most of its programming is also generated at the Dermeval Gonçalves Theater, and has a branch in Rio de Janeiro, where its telenovelas and other formats are produced at the Casablanca Estúdios (RecNov) complex. Its national coverage is achieved by retransmission from 111 stations, 15 of which are owned by the company and 96 of which are affiliate s ...
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Edir Macedo
Edir Macedo (born February 18, 1945) is a Brazilian evangelical bishop, writer, billionaire businessman, and the founder of the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God (UCKG). He is the owner and chairman of the third-largest television network in Brazil, Record, along with Grupo Record since 1989, which he founded after he bought the network. Early life Edir Macedo was born on February 18, 1945, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. He was the fourth child born to Henrique Bezerra and Eugenia de Macedo Bezerra - Dona Geninha. Macedo's website stated that he has degrees in theology from the Evangelical School of Theology "United Seminar", and the Faculty of Theological Education in the state of São Paulo (Fatebom); a doctorate in theology, Christian philosophy, an honorary degree in Divinity, a Master's degree in Theological Science received through the ''Federación Evangélica Española de Entidades Religiosas'' (F.E.E.D.E.R) in Madrid, Spain. The reference to FEEDER may be an error; ...
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São Paulo
São Paulo (; ; Portuguese for 'Paul the Apostle, Saint Paul') is the capital of the São Paulo (state), state of São Paulo, as well as the List of cities in Brazil by population, most populous city in Brazil, the List of largest cities in the Americas, Americas, and both the Western Hemisphere, Western and Southern Hemispheres. Listed by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network (GaWC) as an global city, alpha global city, it exerts substantial international influence in commerce, finance, arts, and entertainment. It is the List of largest cities#List, largest urban area by population outside Asia and the most populous Geographical distribution of Portuguese speakers, Portuguese-speaking city in the world. The city's name honors Paul the Apostle and people from the city are known as ''paulistanos''. The city's Latin motto is ''Non ducor, duco'', which translates as "I am not led, I lead." Founded in 1554 by Jesuit priests, the city was the center of the ''bandeirant ...
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Commercial Broadcasting
Commercial broadcasting (also called private broadcasting) is the broadcasting of television programs and radio programming by privately owned corporate media, as opposed to state sponsorship, for example. It was the United States' first model of radio (and later television) during the 1920s, in contrast with the public television model during the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s, which prevailed worldwide, except in the United States, Mexico, and Brazil, until the 1980s. Features Advertising Commercial broadcasting is primarily based on the practice of airing radio advertisements and television advertisements for profit. This is in contrast to public broadcasting, which receives government subsidies and usually does not have paid advertising interrupting the show. During pledge drives, some public broadcasters will interrupt shows to ask for donations. In the United States, non-commercial educational (NCE) television and radio exist in the form of community radio; however, pre ...
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Broadcasting
Broadcasting is the data distribution, distribution of sound, audio audiovisual content to dispersed audiences via a electronic medium (communication), mass communications medium, typically one using the electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves), in a :wikt:one-to-many, one-to-many model. Broadcasting began with AM radio, which came into popular use around 1920 with the spread of vacuum tube radio transmitters and radio receiver, receivers. Before this, most implementations of electronic communication (early radio, telephone, and telegraph) were wikt:one-to-one, one-to-one, with the message intended for a single recipient. The term ''broadcasting'' evolved from its use as the agricultural method of sowing seeds in a field by casting them broadly about. It was later adopted for describing the widespread distribution of information by printed materials or by telegraph. Examples applying it to "one-to-many" radio transmissions of an individual station to multiple listeners appeared as ...
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