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Ravine Flyer II
The Ravine Flyer II is a hybrid wooden roller coaster located at Waldameer Park in Erie, Pennsylvania, United States. It was ranked as the best new ride of 2008 by '' Amusement Today'' magazine. The Ravine Flyer II was built at the site of the park's old Ravine Flyer, which was removed in 1938 after a man died. Initial concepts for the replacement ride were developed by Custom Coasters International in the early 1990s, further developed by Dennis McNulty several years later, then finalized and constructed by The Gravity Group with Jeff Mason overseeing construction. The roller coaster traverses Pennsylvania Route 832 along its course, emulating the course of the Ravine Flyer. History Steve Gorman, general manager of Waldameer & Water World in Erie, Pennsylvania, announced in 1997 that his company would build a wooden roller coaster. The ride would be named Ravine Flyer II, after an early 20th-century coaster at Waldameer that operated from 1922 to 1938. At the time of it ...
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Ravine Flyer Lift Hill
A ravine is a landform that is narrower than a canyon and is often the product of streambank erosion.Definition of "ravine"
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Ravines are typically classified as larger in scale than gullies, although smaller than valleys. Ravines may also be called a cleuch, dell, ghout ( Nevis), gill or ghyll,



The Gravity Group
The Gravity Group is a wooden roller coaster design firm based in Cincinnati, Ohio, United States. The firm was founded in July 2002 out of the engineering team of the famed but now defunct Custom Coasters International. The core group of designers and engineers at The Gravity Group have backgrounds in civil, structural and mechanical engineering. Their experience comes from work on over 40 different wooden roller coasters around the world. The first coaster designed under the Gravity Group opened as Hades at Mount Olympus Theme Park in 2005. The Gravity Group also designed The Voyage at Holiday World in Santa Claus, Indiana, which opened in May 2006 and is the second-longest wooden roller coaster in the world. These first two accomplishments of the team have been received with great success by both the industry and coaster enthusiasts alike. In 2007, The Gravity Group opened Boardwalk Bullet, an intense wooden roller coaster that was built at Kemah Boardwalk and opened as t ...
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Buildings And Structures In Erie, Pennsylvania
A building, or edifice, is an enclosed structure with a roof and walls standing more or less permanently in one place, such as a house or factory (although there's also portable buildings). Buildings come in a variety of sizes, shapes, and functions, and have been adapted throughout history for a wide number of factors, from building materials available, to weather conditions, land prices, ground conditions, specific uses, prestige, and aesthetic reasons. To better understand the term ''building'' compare the list of nonbuilding structures. Buildings serve several societal needs – primarily as shelter from weather, security, living space, privacy, to store belongings, and to comfortably live and work. A building as a shelter represents a physical division of the human habitat (a place of comfort and safety) and the ''outside'' (a place that at times may be harsh and harmful). Ever since the first cave paintings, buildings have also become objects or canvasses of much artisti ...
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Roller Coasters In Pennsylvania
Roller may refer to: Birds *Roller, a bird of the family Coraciidae * Roller (pigeon), a domesticated breed or variety of pigeon Devices * Roller (agricultural tool), a non-powered tool for flattening ground * Road roller, a vehicle for compacting ** Steamroller, a form of road roller * Roller, an element of a rolling-element bearing * Roller, used in rolling (metalworking) * Roller, in a roller mill, to crush or grind various materials * Rolling pin, a compacting device used for preparing dough for cooking * Roller (BEAM), a robot * Bicycle rollers, a type of bicycle trainer * Hair roller, used to curl hair * Paint roller, a paint application tool * Roller, or training surcingle, around a horse's girth Arts and entertainment * Bay City Rollers, or the Rollers, a Scottish pop rock band * "The Roller", a 2011 song by Beady Eye * "Roller" (Apache 207 song), 2019 * "Roller" (April Wine song), 1978 * ''Roller'' (Goblin album), 1976 * Roller, partner of the Optimus Prime c ...
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Golden Ticket Awards
''Amusement Today'' is a monthly periodical that features articles, news, pictures and reviews about all things relating to the amusement park industry, including parks, rides, and ride manufacturers. The trade newspaper, which is based in Arlington, Texas, United States, was founded in January 1997 by Gary Slade, Virgil E. Moore III and Rick Tidrow. In 1997, ''Amusement Today'' won the Impact Award in the services category for "Best New Product" from the International Association of Amusement Parks and Attractions (IAAPA). A year later, in 1998, the magazine founded the Golden Ticket Awards, for which it has become best known for throughout the amusement park industry. On January 2, 2001, Slade bought out his two partners, giving him sole ownership of the paper. The paper has two full-time and two part-time staff members at its Arlington office, along with two full-time writers and several freelance writers in various parts of the world. Golden Ticket Awards Every year, ''Amu ...
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Golden Ticket Award For Best New Ride
Golden means made of, or relating to gold. Golden may also refer to: Places United Kingdom *Golden, in the parish of Probus, Cornwall * Golden Cap, Dorset *Golden Square, Soho, London *Golden Valley, a valley on the River Frome in Gloucestershire *Golden Valley, Herefordshire United States *Golden, Colorado, a town West of Denver, county seat of Jefferson County *Golden, Idaho, an unincorporated community *Golden, Illinois, a village *Golden Township, Michigan * Golden, Mississippi, a village * Golden City, Missouri, a city * Golden, Missouri, an unincorporated community * Golden, Nebraska, ghost town in Burt County *Golden Township, Holt County, Nebraska * Golden, New Mexico, a sparsely populated ghost town *Golden, Oregon, an abandoned mining town *Golden, Texas, an unincorporated community * Golden, Utah, a ghost town *Golden, Marshall County, West Virginia, an unincorporated community Elsewhere * Golden, County Tipperary, Ireland, a village on the River Suir * Golden Vale, ...
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Philadelphia Toboggan Coasters
Philadelphia Toboggan Coasters (PTC) is one of the oldest existing roller coaster manufacturing companies in the world. Based in Hatfield, Pennsylvania, it was established in 1904 by Henry Auchey and Chester Albright under the name Philadelphia Toboggan Company. The company manufactured carousels, wooden roller coasters, toboggans (roller coaster cars) and later, roller coaster trains. History The Philadelphia Toboggan Company was incorporated January 20, 1904. It built and designed roller coasters until 1979. Notable designers included Joe McKee, John A. Miller, Herbert Schmeck, Frank Hoover, and John C. Allen. When Allen retired as president in 1976, the company stopped designing roller coasters but continued to work on coaster projects until 1979 when it exited the coaster-construction industry permanently. The company manufactured carousels known for their elaborate carvings and decorations. It expanded with the acquisition of the inventory of the Dentzel Carousel Company ...
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Arch Bridge
An arch bridge is a bridge with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch. Arch bridges work by transferring the weight of the bridge and its loads partially into a horizontal thrust restrained by the abutments at either side. A viaduct (a long bridge) may be made from a series of arches, although other more economical structures are typically used today. History Possibly the oldest existing arch bridge is the Mycenaean Arkadiko Bridge in Greece from about 1300 BC. The stone corbel arch bridge is still used by the local populace. The well-preserved Hellenistic Eleutherna Bridge has a triangular corbel arch. The 4th century BC Rhodes Footbridge rests on an early voussoir arch. Although true arches were already known by the Etruscans and ancient Greeks, the Romans were – as with the vault and the dome – the first to fully realize the potential of arches for bridge construction. A list of Roman bridges compiled by the engineer Colin O'Connor features ...
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Air Time (rides)
In the context of amusement rides, air time, or airtime, refers to the time during which riders of a roller coaster or other ride experience either frictionless or negative G-forces. The negative g-forces that a rider experiences is what creates the sensation the rider feels of floating out of their seat. With roller coasters, air time is usually achieved when the train travels over a hill at speed. There are different sensations a rider will feel depending on the ride being an ejector or floater airtime ride. In 2001 the Guinness World Records recorded Superman: Escape from Krypton, located at Six Flags Magic Mountain, Valencia, California, one of the fastest roller coaster in the world, where riders experienced a then record 6.5 seconds of 'airtime' or negative G-force.Guinness World Records 2001- Page 86 "Superman The Escape, located at Six Flags Magic Mountain, Valencia, California, USA, is the fastest roller coaster in the world. They experience a record 6.5 seconds of ' ...
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Hybrid Roller Coaster
A hybrid roller coaster is a category of roller coasters that is defined as having the track made out of steel, while the support structure is made from wood. Though less common, this can also be flipped around, with the track made of wood with a steel running plate, and a support structure that is made of steel. An example of this is The Voyage at Holiday World. The wooden frame-steel track design of roller coaster is mostly known to be utilized by Rocky Mountain Construction in their I-Box track design, and Arrow Dynamic's Mine Train style roller coasters. This type of design has several benefits, such as making the ride feel smooth and like that of a steel roller coaster. Hybrid roller coasters can also have inversions, such as Steel Vengeance at Cedar Point. They also tend to be taller, faster, and have steeper drops than that of wooden coasters. History The oldest operating hybrid roller coaster is Cyclone at Luna Park, opening in 1927, with the track being made f ...
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Erie Times-News
The ''Erie Times-News'' is a daily morning newspaper in Erie, Pennsylvania. It has a daily circulation of about 47,385 and a Sunday circulation of about 58,378. The beginning The newspaper was founded as the ''Erie Daily Times'' on April 12, 1888, by nine printers involved in a labor dispute at another newspaper. They each invested $25 to establish the Times Publishing Company, which was initially located in a cellar at the corner of 9th Street and State Street. John J. Mead Sr., one of the founders, eventually bought out his partners. The Mead family headed the newspaper until August 2003. The newspaper relocated to West 10th Street and Peach Street on April 12, 1924. One company, two newspapers The Times Publishing Company bought out the rival ''Erie Dispatch Herald'' in 1956 and co-located the two staffs in 1957 in the ''Dispatch Heralds building at East 12th and French streets. On January 7, 1957, the ''Erie Morning News'' made its debut. The Times Publishing Company built ...
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Zoning
Zoning is a method of urban planning in which a municipality or other tier of government divides land into areas called zones, each of which has a set of regulations for new development that differs from other zones. Zones may be defined for a single use (e.g. residential, industrial), they may combine several compatible activities by use, or in the case of form-based zoning, the differing regulations may govern the density, size and shape of allowed buildings whatever their use. The planning rules for each zone determine whether planning permission for a given development may be granted. Zoning may specify a variety of outright and conditional uses of land. It may indicate the size and dimensions of lots that land may be subdivided into, or the form and scale of buildings. These guidelines are set in order to guide urban growth and development. Zoning is the most common regulatory urban planning method used by local governments in developed countries. Exceptions include the U ...
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