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Ratteen
Ratteen or ratine was a thick napped twilled woolen material. Ratteen was produced in France, Italy and Holland. There are several varieties of coarse ratteen, such as drugget, baize and frieze. It was produced in various options; for instance, similar to broadcloth, without shearing the pile and, another one was with friezed nap surface. There was also a mix of wool and linen Linen () is a textile made from the fibers of the flax plant. Linen is very strong and absorbent, and it dries faster than cotton. Because of these properties, linen is comfortable to wear in hot weather and is valued for use in garments. Lin ... in 50% ratio. Rattinet (ratinet) was a thinner variety of ratteen. References Woven fabrics Waulked textiles {{Textile-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drugget
Druggett or drugget is "a coarse woollen fabric felted or woven, self-coloured or printed one side". Jonathan Swift refers to being ''"in druggets drest, of thirteen pence a yard"''.''The Uffculme wills and inventories: 16th to 18th centuries'', p.272 (Peter Wyatt, Uffculme Archive Group, 1997). Formerly, a drugget was a sort of cheap stuff, very thin and narrow, usually made of wool Wool is the textile fiber obtained from sheep and other mammals, especially goats, rabbits, and camelids. The term may also refer to inorganic materials, such as mineral wool and glass wool, that have some properties similar to animal w ..., or half wool and half silk or linen; it may have been corded but was usually plain. The term is now applied to a coarse fabric having a cotton warp and a wool filling, used for rugs, tablecloths, etc. See also * Ratteen Notes References * External links * * * Woollen industry Printed fabrics Woven fabrics Waulked textiles {{textil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frieze (textile)
In the history of textiles, frieze (French: ''frisé'') is a Middle English term for a coarse woollen, plain weave cloth with a nap on one side. The nap was raised by scrubbing it to raise curls of fibre, and was not shorn after being raised, leaving an uneven surface. The term frieze can also be used for the curly nap frieze fabrics have, as well as the action of raising the nap, which differs from standard methods. Today, ''frieze'' is also a term applied to a textile technique used in modern machine-loomed carpeting, as well as the textile produced. Carpets made with this technique are known for their resilience, due to a high twist rate, outperforming standard cut or loop pile carpets. History ''Panni frisi'', "Frisian cloths", appear in medieval inventories and other documents.''Oxford English Dictionary''. Frieze was woven in the English Midlands and Wales, and in Ireland from the fourteenth century, and later in Holland as well. A similar textile is baize. In Old Norse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nap (fabric)
Primarily, nap is the raised (fuzzy) surface on certain kinds of textile, cloth, such as velvet or moleskin. Nap can refer additionally to other surfaces that look like the surface of a napped cloth, such as the surface of a felt or beaver hat. Starting around the 14th century, the word referred originally to the roughness of weaving, woven cloth before it was Shearing (textiles), sheared."nap". ''The Oxford English Dictionary''. 2nd ed. 1989. When cloth, especially woollen cloth, is woven, the surface of the cloth is not smooth, and this roughness is the nap. Generally the cloth is then "sheared" to create an even surface, and the nap is thus removed. A person who trimmed the surface of cloth with shears to remove any excess nap was known as a shearman. Nap typically has a direction in which it feels smoothest. In garments, nap direction is often matched across seams, because cloth will not only feel but look different depending on the direction of the nap. For this reason, sewin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Woolen
Woolen (American English) or woollen (Commonwealth English) is a type of yarn made from carded wool. Woolen yarn is soft, light, stretchy, and full of air. It is thus a good insulator, and makes a good knitting yarn. Woolen yarn is in contrast to worsted yarn, in which the fibers are combed to lie parallel rather than carded, producing a hard, strong yarn. Commercial manufacture The woolen and worsted process both require that the wool (and other similar animal fibres, cashmere, camel, etc.) be cleaned before mechanical processing. Woolen and worsted nomenclatures apply only to the textile processing of animal fibres, but it has become common to include fibre blends under these terms. The resultant fabrics will be classified as being either woolen or worsted, but this designation is assigned during fiber processing and yarn formation, not in the cloth or finished garment. A woven woolen fabric is one which is subjected to fabric finishing techniques designed to add a dir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baize
Baize is a coarse woollen (or in cheaper variants cotton) cloth, similar in texture to felt, but more durable. History A mid-17th-century English wikt:ditty, ditty – much quoted in histories of ale and beer brewing in England – refers to 1525: ''Heresies'' refers to the Protestant Reformation, while ''bays'' is the Elizabethan English, Elizabethan spelling for ''baize'' (though ''bay'' and ''baize'' eventually came to describe two similar but distinguishable types of cloth, as described below). Applications Baize is often used on billiard tables to cover the and , and is also used on different kinds of gaming tables (usually gambling) such as those for blackjack, baccarat, craps and other casino games. It is also found as a writing surface, particularly on 19th century pedestal desks. The surface finish of baize is coarse, thus increasing rolling resistance and perceptibly slowing billiard balls. Baize is available with and without a perceptible Nap (fabric), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Broadcloth
Broadcloth is a dense, Plain weave, plain woven textile, cloth, historically made of wool. The defining characteristic of broadcloth is not its finished width but the fact that it was woven much wider (typically 50 to 75% wider than its finished width) and then heavily Fulling#Milling, milled (traditionally the cloth was worked by heavy wooden trip hammers in hot soapy water) in order to shrink it to the required width. The effect of the milling process is to draw the yarns much closer together than could be achieved in the loom and allow the individual fibres of the wool to bind together in a felting process, which results in a dense, blind face cloth with a stiff drape which is highly weather-resistant, hard wearing and capable of taking a cut edge without the need for being hemmed. The manufacturing process originates from Flanders, the type of cloth was also made in Leiden and several parts of England at the end of the medieval period. The raw material was short Staple (te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pile (textile)
Pile is the raised surface or nap of a fabric, consisting of upright loops or strands of yarn."Pile." ''The Oxford English Dictionary''. 2nd ed. 1989. Examples of pile textiles are carpets, corduroy, velvet, plush, and Turkish towels ( terrycloth). The word is derived from Latin ''pilus'' for "hair". " Online Etymology Dictionary. Douglas Harper, Historian. retrieved from dictionary.com 10 September 2007. Length and density The surface and the yarn in these fabrics are also called "pile". In particular "pile length" or "pile depth" refer to the length of the yarn strands (half-length of the loops). Pile length affects and is affected by |
Textile
Textile is an Hyponymy and hypernymy, umbrella term that includes various Fiber, fiber-based materials, including fibers, yarns, Staple (textiles)#Filament fiber, filaments, Thread (yarn), threads, and different types of #Fabric, fabric. At first, the word "textiles" only referred to woven fabrics. However, weaving is not the only manufacturing method, and many other methods were later developed to form textile structures based on their intended use. Knitting and Nonwoven, non-woven are other popular types of fabric manufacturing. In the contemporary world, textiles satisfy the material needs for versatile applications, from simple daily clothing to Bulletproof vest, bulletproof jackets, spacesuits, and Medical gown, doctor's gowns. Textiles are divided into two groups: consumer textiles for domestic purposes and technical textiles. In consumer textiles, Aesthetics (textile), aesthetics and Textile performance#Comfort, comfort are the most important factors, while in techn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Linen
Linen () is a textile made from the fibers of the flax plant. Linen is very strong and absorbent, and it dries faster than cotton. Because of these properties, linen is comfortable to wear in hot weather and is valued for use in garments. Linen textiles can be made from flax plant fiber, yarn, as well as woven and knitted. Linen also has other distinctive characteristics, such as its tendency to wrinkle. It takes significantly longer to harvest than a material like cotton, although both are natural fibers. It is also more difficult to weave than cotton. Linen textiles appear to be some of the oldest in the world; their history goes back many thousands of years. Dyed flax fibers found in a cave in the Caucasus (present-day Georgia (country), Georgia) suggest the use of woven linen fabrics from wild flax may date back over 30,000 years. Linen was used in ancient civilizations including Mesopotamia and ancient Egypt, and linen is mentioned in the Bible. In the 18th century and be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Woven Fabrics
Woven fabric is any textile formed by weaving. Woven fabrics, often created on a loom, are made of many threads woven in a warp and weft. Technically, a woven fabric is any fabric made by interlacing two or more threads at right angles to one another. Woven fabrics can be made of natural fibers, synthetic fibers, or a mixture of both, such as cotton and polyester. Woven fabrics are used for clothing, garments, decorations, furniture, carpets and other uses. Production process Yarn preparation Fibers are spun into yarns and prepared with specific properties tailored for either the warp (longitudinal yarns) or the weft (transverse yarns). Warping The warp yarns are arranged on a beam to prepare for weaving. The warp threads are held taut and parallel, and as such must be strong and durable. Weaving During weaving, the weft yarn passes over and under the warp yarns in various patterns. The primary types of weaves are plain weave, Twill, twill weave, and Satin, satin weave. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
