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Rapport Gest-Guyard
The French National Assembly, the lower house of the Parliament of France, set up a Parliamentary Commission on Cults in France (), also known as the Guyard Commission, on 11 July 1995 following the events involving the members of the Order of the Solar Temple in late 1994 and in 1995 in the Vercors, Switzerland and in Canada. Chaired by deputy Alain Gest, a member of the Union for French Democracy conservative party, the commission had to determine what should constitute a cult. It came to categorize various groups according to their supposed threat or innocuity (towards members of the groups themselves or towards society and the state). The Commission reported back in December 1995. See drop-down essay on "Religious Freedom in France" Some non-French citizens and certain organizations, including the Church of Scientology and the United States Department of State, criticized its categorization-methodology. The Parliamentary Commission always bore in mind the difficulties of es ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French National Assembly
The National Assembly (, ) is the lower house of the Bicameralism, bicameral French Parliament under the French Fifth Republic, Fifth Republic, the upper house being the Senate (France), Senate (). The National Assembly's legislators are known as () or deputies. There are 577 , each elected by a single-member Constituencies of the National Assembly of France, constituency (at least one per Departments of France, department) through a two-round system; thus, 289 seats are required for a majority. The List of presidents of the National Assembly of France, president of the National Assembly, currently Yaël Braun-Pivet, presides over the body. The officeholder is usually a member of the largest party represented, assisted by vice presidents from across the represented political spectrum. The National Assembly's term is five years; however, the president of France may dissolve the assembly, thereby calling for early elections, unless it has been dissolved in the preceding twelve m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anti-cult Movement
The anti-cult movement, abbreviated ACM and also known as the countercult movement, consists of various governmental and non-governmental organizations and individuals that seek to raise awareness of religious groups that they consider to be " cults", uncover coercive practices used to attract and retain members, and help those who have become involved with harmful cult practices. One prominent group within the anti-cult movement, Christian counter-cult organizations, oppose new religious movements on theological grounds, categorizing them as ''cults'', and distribute information to this effect through church networks and via printed literature. Concept The anti-cult movement is conceptualized as a collection of individuals and groups, whether formally organized or not, who oppose some "new religious movements" (or " cults"). This countermovement has reportedly recruited participants from family members of "cultists," former group members (or apostates), religious group ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jacques Myard
Jacques Myard (; born 14 August 1947) is a French politician and former diplomat who represented the 5th constituency of the Yvelines department in the National Assembly from 1993 to 2017. A member of The Republicans (LR), he has also served as Mayor of Maisons-Laffitte since 1989. Political career In 1983, Myard entered the municipal council of Maisons-Laffitte, Yvelines for the Rally for the Republic. In 1989, he was elected to the mayorship of Maisons-Laffitte. In the 1993 legislative election, he was elected to the National Assembly in the 5th constituency of Yvelines. Myard made international news when on 17 July 2012, just days before the vote on a new sexual harassment bill, male lawmakers in the National Assembly including Myard hooted and made catcalls as Housing Minister Cécile Duflot, wearing a floral dress, spoke about an architectural project. Myard told ''L'Express'' that the hoots were a way of "paying homage to this woman's beauty". On 5 April 2016, Myard ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union For A Popular Movement
The Union for a Popular Movement ( ; UMP ) was a Liberal conservatism, liberal-conservative List of political parties in France, political party in France, largely inspired by the Gaullism, Gaullist tradition. During its existence, the UMP was one of the two major party, major parties in French politics along with the Socialist Party (France), Socialist Party (PS). In May 2015, the party was succeeded by The Republicans (France), The Republicans. Nicolas Sarkozy, the then president of the UMP, was elected president of France in the 2007 French presidential election, until he was later defeated by PS candidate François Hollande in the 2012 French presidential election, 2012 presidential election. After the November 2012 party congress, the UMP experienced internal fractioning and was plagued by monetary scandals which forced its president Jean-François Copé to resign. After Sarkozy's re-election as UMP president in November 2014, he put forward an amendment to change the name o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Assembly Of France
The National Assembly (, ) is the lower house of the Bicameralism, bicameral French Parliament under the French Fifth Republic, Fifth Republic, the upper house being the Senate (France), Senate (). The National Assembly's legislators are known as () or deputies. There are 577 , each elected by a single-member Constituencies of the National Assembly of France, constituency (at least one per Departments of France, department) through a two-round system; thus, 289 seats are required for a majority. The List of presidents of the National Assembly of France, president of the National Assembly, currently Yaël Braun-Pivet, presides over the body. The officeholder is usually a member of the largest party represented, assisted by vice presidents from across the represented political spectrum. The National Assembly's term is five years; however, the president of France may dissolve the assembly, thereby calling for early elections, unless it has been dissolved in the preceding twelve m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mission Interministérielle De Lutte Contre Les Sectes
The Interministerial Mission for Vigilance and Action Against Sectarian Aberrations (, MIVILUDES) is a French government agency created by presidential decree in 2002. It is charged with observing and analyzing the phenomenon of cult movements, coordinating the government response, informing the public about the risks arising from sectarian aberrations, and facilitating the implementation of actions to aid the victims. Functions According to the first article of the Decree Number 2002–1392 of 28 November 2002, the MIVILUDES is charged with: # Observing and analyzing the phenomenon of sectarian movements whose practices are prejudicial to human rights and basic liberties, constitute a menace to public order, or are in conflict with existing laws and regulations; # Favouring, in the respect of public liberties, the coordination of preventive and repressive action by the authorities against such practices; # Developing the exchange of information between public services on admini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alain Vivien
Alain Vivien (born August 20, 1938) is a French Socialist Party (PS) politician, best known for chairing (1998–2002) the French '' Mission Interministérielle pour la Lutte contre les Sectes'', MILS, a ministerial organization designed to observe the activities of various religious organizations defined as "''Sectes''" (cults). Early career He was mayor of Combs-la-Ville in 1977–1983 and 1989–1992. In 1983 he was elected to the French National Assembly for Seine-et-Marne as a PS candidate. The author of a report on cults requested by Prime Minister Pierre Mauroy in 1982, he was Secretary of State under Édith Cresson in 1991–1992. From 1997 to 1998 he was president of the Centre contre les manipulations mentales. Awards *Leipzig Human Rights Award, May 11, 2002 See also * About-Picard law * Status of religious freedom in France * List of anti-cult organizations and individuals References *''Pourquoi la bataille anti-sectes a échoué ?'' ("Why did the fight aga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Direction Centrale Des Renseignements Généraux
Direction may refer to: *Body relative direction, for instance left, right, forward, backwards, up, and down ** Anatomical terms of location for those used in anatomy ** List of ship directions *Cardinal direction *Bearing (navigation) Mathematics and science * Direction vector, a unit vector that defines a direction in multidimensional space * Direction of a subspace of a Euclidean or affine space * Directed set, in order theory * Directed graph, in graph theory * Directionality (molecular biology), the orientation of a nucleic acid Music * For the guidance and cueing of a group of musicians during performance, see conducting * ''Direction'' (album) a 2007 album by The Starting Line * Direction Records, a label began by Bobby Darin. * Direction (record label), a record label in the UK in the late 1960s, a subsidiary of CBS Records, specialising in soul music * '' Directions: The Plans Video Album'', a DVD video album made of videos inspired by songs from indie rock/pop ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MIVILUDES
The Interministerial Mission for Vigilance and Action Against Sectarian Aberrations (, MIVILUDES) is a French government agency created by presidential decree in 2002. It is charged with observing and analyzing the phenomenon of cult movements, coordinating the government response, informing the public about the risks arising from sectarian aberrations, and facilitating the implementation of actions to aid the victims. Functions According to the first article of the Decree Number 2002–1392 of 28 November 2002, the MIVILUDES is charged with: # Observing and analyzing the phenomenon of sectarian movements whose practices are prejudicial to human rights and basic liberties, constitute a menace to public order, or are in conflict with existing laws and regulations; # Favouring, in the respect of public liberties, the coordination of preventive and repressive action by the authorities against such practices; # Developing the exchange of information between public services on admini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prime Minister Of France
The prime minister of France (), officially the prime minister of the French Republic (''Premier ministre de la République française''), is the head of government of the French Republic and the leader of its Council of Ministers. The prime minister is the holder of the second-highest office in France, after the president of France. The president, who appoints but cannot dismiss the prime minister, can request resignation. The Government of France, including the prime minister, can be dismissed by the National Assembly. Upon appointment, the prime minister proposes a list of ministers to the president. Decrees and decisions signed by the prime minister, like almost all executive decisions, are subject to the oversight of the administrative court system. Some decrees are taken after advice from the Council of State (), over which the prime minister is entitled to preside. Ministers defend the programmes of their ministries to the prime minister, who makes budgetary choices. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circulaire
In France, Italy, Belgium, and some other civil law countries, a ( French), ( Italian) or ( Dutch) consists of a text intended for the members of a service, of an enterprise, or of an administration. Within the French and Belgian civil service, a originates from a ministry with the aim of giving an interpretation of a legal text or of a regulation (a decree, or Royal Order), with a view to applying such a regulation consistently. As such, a depends on the general principles of law, but carries more weight than mere administrative acts. provide recommendations: they apply only to employees of the civil service. In certain cases, ''circulaires'' introduce new rules (); such that under certain conditions one can appeal against abuse of power. The body of jurisprudence relating to ''circulaires'' has developed extensively. In principle, ''circulaires'' exist only to comment on existing law and to explain its application in concrete terms. The contentious side of , of an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
