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Rao Farman Ali
Rao Farman Ali Khan ( ; 1 January 1923 – 20 January 2004) was a Pakistani military officer who is widely considered complicit in the Rayer Bazar killings during the Bangladesh Liberation War. Farman oversaw the deployment of local militias (razakars) during the Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971. He testified his responsibilities in the Hamoodur Rahman Commission in 1972 but denied allegations of genocide committed in Bangladesh in spite of the Hamoodur Rahman Commission which proved the involvement of misconducts and genocide of Pakistani military personnel. Upon retirement, he joined the Fauji Foundation and later headed the Fauji Fertilizer Company Limited in 1978. From 1985–88, he served as petroleum minister and National Security Advisor in President Zia-ul-Haq's administration, and went into hiding after Zia's death. Farman authored a book titled ''How Pakistan Got Divided''. Biography Rao Farman Ali Khan was born into a Rajput family in Rohtak, East Punja ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Petroleum And Natural Resources (Pakistan)
The Petroleum Division, part of Pakistan's Ministry of Energy A ministry of energy or department of energy is a government department in some countries that typically oversees the production of fuel and electricity; in the United States, however, it manages nuclear weapons development and conducts energy-rela ..., is tasked with ensuring a secure and sustainable supply of oil and gas to meet the country's economic and strategic needs. It also oversees the development of natural energy resources and minerals. Previously a standalone ministry, the Petroleum Division was merged into the Ministry of Energy in August 2017. History of the Ministry Petroleum & Natural Resources Division was created in April 1977. Prior to that Petroleum and Natural Resources was part of the Ministry of Fuel, Power and Natural Resources. Wings /Sections * Directorate General of Gas * Directorate General of LNG & LPG * Directorate General of Oil * Directorate General of Petroleum Concession * Human Res ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Westridge, Rawalpindi
Westridge is a residential area in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, which dates back to 1880 when the British Army first came into this area and established its cantonment in Rawalpindi, amongst a few other Military Units it set up here. Initially, a few units of Signals Battalion were established here in 1916. Later on, a few other military units were moved in an effort to strengthen the hold of British Army in Rawalpindi. These units consisted of Frontier Force, Air Defense, and Artillery. Later on, Special Communication Organization was also transferred here. In 1960, Cantonment Board A cantonment (, , or ) is a type of military base. In South Asia, a ''cantonment'' refers to a permanent military station (a term from the British Raj). In United States military parlance, a cantonment is, essentially, "a permanent residential ... allowed establishment of 3 housing schemes, namely Westridge 1, Westridge 2, and Westridge 3 in this area. As a result, Army Housing Directorate (Renamed to D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rayer Bazaar
Rayer Bazaar is a well-known thoroughfare in Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh. It is generally regarded as one of the historical areas of the city. Rayer Bazaar was likely founded during the colonial period in the 19th century. The thoroughfare was likely first settled by potters beside the Turag River and was also likely named after someone titled Ray. It was easy to find the clays used to make pots in this area and spread it around by boats as they were situated near the river. Address Rayer Bazaar Bodhdhobhumi is located in Mohammadpur Thana, near the Beribadh area in Dhaka District. This area is mainly an extension of the originally settled area beside the Turag River. The Martyred Intellectuals Memorial began construction there on 14 December 1996 after a groundbreaking ceremony officiated by the daughter of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina; it was completed in 1999. History During the Mughal period, the thoroughfare was famous for pottery Pottery is the process an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Awards And Decorations Of The Pakistan Armed Forces
An award, sometimes called a distinction, is given to a recipient as a token of recognition of excellence in a certain field. When the token is a medal, ribbon or other item designed for wearing, it is known as a decoration. An award may be described by three aspects: 1) to whom it is given to 2) what 3) by whom, all varying according to purpose. The recipient is often awarded to an individual, a student, athlete or representative of a group of people, be it an organisation, a sports team or a whole country. The award item may be a decoration or an insignia suitable for wearing, such as a medal, badge, award pin or rosette. It can also be a token object such as a certificate, diploma, championship belt, trophy or plaque. The award may also be accompanied by a title of honor, and an object of direct cash value, such as prize money or a scholarship. Furthermore, an is an award given, typically in education, that does not confer the recipient(s) a higher standing but is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sitara-e-Khidmat (SK) (1957-86)
Tamgha-i-Khidmat or Tamgha-e-Khidmat (, literally "medal of services") is a Civilian and military award of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. In Pakistan Army, it is applicable to junior commissioned officers, in addition to the Frontier Corps and the Frontier Constabulary. It is given to those Frontier Constabulary service personnel who are serving or has served under the federal government. This award is also given to chief petty officers of the navy, flight sergeants of the air force and non-commissioned officers with the equivalent ranks of the eligible forces such as land-based army, air force and navy. Also given below the rank of junior commissioned officers, Tamgha-i-Khidmat is usually awarded for rendering "long meritorious or distinguished service of a non-operational nature". Class See also * Pakistani Armed Forces *Awards and decorations of the Pakistan military An award, sometimes called a distinction, is given to a recipient as a token of recognition of excel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sitara-e-Quaid-e-Azam (1957-76)
Tamgha-e-Quaid-e-Azam ''(lit. Medal of the Great Leader)'', is a civil award conferred by the Government of Pakistan on those who have attained academic distinction in the fields of science, art, literature, or distinction in the fields of sports and nursing Nursing is a health care profession that "integrates the art and science of caring and focuses on the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and human functioning; prevention of illness and injury; facilitation of healing; and alle ...; or for rendering dedicated services with selfless devotion in human rights and public service. This award, like other civilian awards, is announced on August 14 each year and its investiture takes place on the following year on 16 February. It is the fifth-highest honour given by the Government of Pakistan to civilians or military personnel. Class See also * Civil awards and decorations of Pakistan Notes External links Decorations and Medals of PakistanAn award ceremony ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Service Number
A service number or roll number is an identification code used to identify a person within a large group. Service numbers are most often associated with the military; however, they also may be used in civilian organizations. National identification numbers may be seen as types of service numbers. The term "serial number" is often seen as a synonym of service number; however, a serial number more accurately describes manufacture and product codes, rather than personnel identification. In the Canadian military, a "serial number" referred to a unique number assigned each unit that mobilized for the Second World War. Australia In the First Australian Imperial Force soldiers were allotted numbers known as regimental numbers. These were allotted to NCOs and other ranks but not to officers or nurses, who had no numbers. Regimental numbers were rarely unique. Each battalion or corps had its own sequence, usually starting at 1, although some units were formed in the field and this did no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1971 Bangladesh Genocide
The Bangladesh genocide was the ethnic cleansing of Bengalis residing in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) during the Bangladesh Liberation War, perpetrated by the Pakistan Army and the Razakar (Pakistan), Razakars. It began on 25 March 1971, as Operation Searchlight was launched by West Pakistan (now Pakistan) to militarily subdue the Bengali population of East Pakistan; the Bengalis comprised the demographic majority and had been calling for independence from the Pakistani state. Seeking to curtail the Bengali self-determination movement, erstwhile Pakistani president Yahya Khan approved a large-scale military deployment, and in the nine-month-long conflict that ensued, Pakistani soldiers and local pro-Pakistan militias killed between 300,000 and 3,000,000 Bengalis and Rape during the Bangladesh Liberation War, raped between 200,000 and 400,000 Bengali women in a systematic campaign of mass murder and Genocidal rape, genocidal sexual violence. West Pakistanis in particular were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Operation Searchlight
Operation Searchlight was a military operation carried out by the Pakistan Army in an effort to curb the Bengali nationalist movement in former East Pakistan in March 1971. Pakistan retrospectively justified the operation on the basis of anti-Bihari violence carried out en masse by the Bengalis earlier that month. Ordered by the central government in West Pakistan, the original plans envisioned taking control of all of East Pakistan's major cities on 26 March, and then eliminating all Bengali opposition, whether political or military, within the following month. West Pakistani military leaders had not anticipated prolonged Bengali resistance or later Indian military intervention.Pakistan Defence Journal, 1977, Vol. 2, pp. 2–3. The main phase of Operation Searchlight ended with the fall of the last major Bengali-held town to West Pakistan in mid-May 1971. The operation also directly precipitated the 1971 Bangladesh genocide, in which between 300,000 and 3,000,000 Bengalis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bangladesh Liberation War
The Bangladesh Liberation War (, ), also known as the Bangladesh War of Independence, was an War, armed conflict sparked by the rise of the Bengali nationalism, Bengali nationalist and self-determination movement in East Pakistan, which resulted in the independence of Bangladesh. The war began when the Pakistani Military dictatorship, military junta based in West Pakistan—under the orders of Yahya Khan—launched Operation Searchlight against East Pakistanis on the night of 25 March 1971, initiating the Bangladesh genocide. In response to the violence, members of the Mukti Bahini—a Guerrilla warfare, guerrilla resistance movement formed by Bengali military, paramilitary and civilians—launched a mass guerrilla war against the Pakistan Armed Forces, Pakistani military, liberating numerous towns and cities in the war's initial months. At first, the Pakistan Army regained momentum during the monsoon, but Bengali guerrillas counterattacked by carrying out widespread sabotag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many nations mobilising all resources in pursuit of total war. Tanks in World War II, Tanks and Air warfare of World War II, aircraft played major roles, enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, first and only nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II is the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflict in history, causing World War II casualties, the death of 70 to 85 million people, more than half of whom were civilians. Millions died in genocides, including the Holocaust, and by massacres, starvation, and disease. After the Allied victory, Allied-occupied Germany, Germany, Allied-occupied Austria, Austria, Occupation of Japan, Japan, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pakistan Army Regiment Of Artillery
The Regiment of Artillery is the military administrative and combat support branch of the Pakistan Army. Reporting direct from the Army GHQ in Rawalpindi, the regiment itself is an administrative with many of its units deployed as part of maneuver strike corps. History After the partition of former British Indian Army, the Royal Indian Artillery was split between the Indian Army and the Pakistan Army, which Pakistan renamed it as "Royal Pakistan Artillery" in 1947. In 1947, the Regiment inherited only eight regiments, one survey battery, an air observation post flight, and two formation headquarters. From 1947–56, the Pakistan Army was forced to keep the British Army officers to maintain administrative support of the Royal Pakistan Artillery despite British preference of the Indian Army. In 1956, the artillery was reorganized as Regiment of Artillery with the field manuals being adopted from the United States Army's Field Artillery Branch through U.S. aid which allowe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
