|
Rammun
Rammun ( ar, رمّون) is a Palestinian town in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate in the central West Bank, located twelve kilometers east of Ramallah and three kilometers south of Taybeh. Other nearby towns include Deir Dibwan to the southwest, Beitin to the east and Ein Yabrud to the northeast. History and archeology Sherds from Iron Age I, Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine, Crusader/Ayyubid and Mamluk eras have been found.Finkelstein et al, 1997, p. 538 Mosaics and ancient cisterns have been found. Van der Velde (in 1854) assumed that Rammun was the place mentioned in the Bible as ''Rimmon'', Sela Rimmon. The ''Rock of Rimmon'' was where the Benjamites fled (Judges 20:45, 47; 21:13), and where they maintained themselves for four months after the battle at Gibeah. It also is suggested to be the town of ''Remmon'' ( grc-gre, Ρεμμων, ''Remmōn'') mentioned in the Map of Madaba, located fifteen miles north of Jerusalem, between Bethel and Jericho. There are B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ein Yabrud
Ein Yabrud ( ar, عين يبرود) is a Palestinian town in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate in the central West Bank. It is located approximately 7 km northeast of the city of Ramallah and its elevation is 800 m. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) the town had a population of 3,000 in 2007. Location Ein Yabrud is located (horizontally) west of Ramallah. It is bordered by Rammun and Taybeh to the east, Yabrud and Silwad to the north, Dura al-Qar' to the west, and Deir Dibwan, Beitin and Al-Bireh to the south. History Sherds from the Hellenistic, Roman and Byzantine eras have been found here.Finkelstein et al, 1997, p. 563 A grave, with three arcosolia, and with coins from the reign of Constantine the Great have been excavated here. Sherds from the Umayyad, Crusader/ Ayyubid and Mamluk eras have also been found. Yaqut noted about Ein Yabrud and Yabrud: "A village lying north of Jerusalem, on the road from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beitin
Beitin ( ar, بيتين ') is a Palestinian people, Palestinian village in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate in the central West Bank, located northeast of Ramallah along the Highway 60 (Israel), Ramallah-Nablus road. The Palestinian village of Dura al-Qar' and Ein Yabrud lie to the north, Rammun to the east, Deir Dibwan to the southeast and al-Bireh to the southwest. The Israeli settlement of Beit El is northwest of Beitin. Geography There are several springs around Beitin, which is known for its olive, almond, Common fig, fig and plum groves. History Periods of settlement The site was first settled during the Chalcolithic period. Sherds from the Bronze Age#Near East timeline, Early, Ancient Near East#Middle Bronze Age, Intermediate, Bronze Age#Near East timeline, Middle and Ancient Near East#Late Bronze Age, Late Bronze Age, as well as the Ancient Near East#Iron Age, Iron Age I and II, the Achaemenid Empire, Persian, Hellenistic period, Hellenistic, Roman Empire, Roman,Fin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rimmon
__NOTOC__ Rimmon ( he, רִמּוֹן, ''Rīmmōn'') or Remmon ( grc-gre, Ρεμμων, ''Remmōn'') is a name in the Hebrew Bible meaning "pomegranate". Place-names Rimmon may refer to: * One of the "uttermost cities" of Judah, afterwards given to Simeon (Joshua 15:21, 32; 19:7; 1 Chronicles 4:32). In Joshua 15:32, Ain and Rimmon are mentioned separately, but in Joshua 19:7 and 1 Chronicles 4:32 the two words are probably to be combined, as forming together the name of one place, Ain-Rimmon = "the spring of the pomegranate" (compare Nehemiah 11:29). It has been identified with Um er-Rumamin, about 13 miles south-west of Hebron. Zechariah 14:10 describes it as "south of Jerusalem," to distinguish it from other Rimmons; and uses it in conjunction with Geba to describe the latitudinal span of the kingdom of Judah. * The ''Rock of Rimmon'', where the Benjamites fled (Judges 20:45, 47; 21:13), and where they maintained themselves for four months after the battle at Gibeah. It is t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ramallah And Al-Bireh Governorate
The Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate ( ar, محافظة رام الله والبيرة ') is one of 16 governorates of Palestine. It covers a large part of the central West Bank, on the northern border of the Jerusalem Governorate. Its district capital or ''muhfaza'' (seat) is the city of al-Bireh. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), the district had a population of 279,730 in 2007. Its governor is Dr Laila Ghannam, the first female governor. Localities According to PCBS, the governorate has 78 localities, including refugee camps, in its jurisdiction. 13 localities have the status of municipality. Cities * Al-Bireh: 45,975 * Ramallah: 38,998 * Beitunia: 26,604 * Rawabi: 710 Municipalities The following localities in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate have populations over 5,000. * Bani Zeid *Bani Zeid al-Sharqiya *Beit Liqya Beit Liqya ( ar, بيت لقيا) is a Palestinian town located in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deir Dibwan
Deir Dibwan ( ar, دير دبوان) is a Palestinian city in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate in the central West Bank east of Ramallah. It is also the capital of the Eastern District with Mr. Iyad Mohammad Habbas AlAwawdah the mayor. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics the town had a population of approximately 5,252 inhabitants in mid-year 2006. There were 5,016 people from Deir Dibwan living abroad. Deir Dibwan was built close to the ruins of Et-Tell. Name The word "Deir" means monastery and the word "dibwan" came from the name of the "divan", or Council. It has also been called Deir Dubwan, where "Dubwan" is a proper name. Location Deir Dibwan is located (horizontally) east of Ramallah. It is bordered by Ein ad-Duyuk al-Foqa to the east, Rammun and Ein Yabrud to the north, Beitin and Burqa to the west and Mukhmas and 'Anata to the south. History Et-Tell is a mound located just west of the village. Potsherds from the Middle Bronze Age, I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabic Script
The Arabic script is the writing system used for Arabic and several other languages of Asia and Africa. It is the second-most widely used List of writing systems by adoption, writing system in the world by number of countries using it or a script directly derived from it, and the third-most by number of users (after the Latin script, Latin and Chinese characters, Chinese scripts). The script was first used to write texts in Arabic, most notably the Quran, the holy book of Islam. With the religion's spread, it came to be used as the primary script for many language families, leading to the addition of new letters and other symbols. Such languages still using it are: Persian language, Persian (Western Persian, Farsi/Dari), Malay language, Malay (Jawi alphabet, Jawi), Uyghur language, Uyghur, Kurdish languages, Kurdish, Punjabi language, Punjabi (Shahmukhi), Sindhi language, Sindhi, Balti language, Balti, Balochi language, Balochi, Pashto, Luri language, Lurish, Urdu, Kashmiri lang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mosaic
A mosaic is a pattern or image made of small regular or irregular pieces of colored stone, glass or ceramic, held in place by plaster/mortar, and covering a surface. Mosaics are often used as floor and wall decoration, and were particularly popular in the Ancient Roman world. Mosaic today includes not just murals and pavements, but also artwork, hobby crafts, and industrial and construction forms. Mosaics have a long history, starting in Mesopotamia in the 3rd millennium BC. Pebble mosaics were made in Tiryns in Mycenean Greece; mosaics with patterns and pictures became widespread in classical times, both in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Early Christian basilicas from the 4th century onwards were decorated with wall and ceiling mosaics. Mosaic art flourished in the Byzantine Empire from the 6th to the 15th centuries; that tradition was adopted by the Norman Kingdom of Sicily in the 12th century, by the eastern-influenced Republic of Venice, and among the Rus. Mosaic fell ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ayyubid Dynasty
The Ayyubid dynasty ( ar, الأيوبيون '; ) was the founding dynasty of the medieval Sultanate of Egypt established by Saladin in 1171, following his abolition of the Fatimid Caliphate of Egypt. A Sunni Muslim of Kurdish origin, Saladin had originally served Nur ad-Din of Syria, leading Nur ad-Din's army in battle against the Crusaders in Fatimid Egypt, where he was made Vizier. Following Nur ad-Din's death, Saladin was proclaimed as the first Sultan of Egypt, and rapidly expanded the new sultanate beyond the frontiers of Egypt to encompass most of the Levant (including the former territories of Nur ad-Din), in addition to Hijaz, Yemen, northern Nubia, Tarabulus, Cyrenaica, southern Anatolia, and northern Iraq, the homeland of his Kurdish family. By virtue of his sultanate including Hijaz, the location of the Islamic holy cities of Mecca and Medina, he was the first ruler to be hailed as the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, a title that would be held by all subs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)
The Mamluk Sultanate ( ar, سلطنة المماليك, translit=Salṭanat al-Mamālīk), also known as Mamluk Egypt or the Mamluk Empire, was a state that ruled Egypt, the Levant and the Hejaz (western Arabia) from the mid-13th to early 16th centuries. It was ruled by a military caste of mamluks (manumitted slave soldiers) headed by the sultan. The Abbasid caliphs were the nominal sovereigns. The sultanate was established with the overthrow of the Ayyubid dynasty in Egypt in 1250 and was conquered by the Ottoman Empire in 1517. Mamluk history is generally divided into the Turkic or Bahri period (1250–1382) and the Circassian or Burji period (1382–1517), called after the predominant ethnicity or corps of the ruling Mamluks during these respective eras.Levanoni 1995, p. 17. The first rulers of the sultanate hailed from the mamluk regiments of the Ayyubid sultan as-Salih Ayyub (), usurping power from his successor in 1250. The Mamluks under Sultan Qutuz and Baybars r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles William Meredith Van De Velde
Charles William Meredith van de Velde (born December 4, 1818 in Leeuwarden, died 20 March 1898 in Menton) was a Dutch lieutenant-at-sea second class, painter, cartographer, honorary member of the Red Cross and missionary. Van der Velde attended the Naval Academy in Medemblik and became Lieutenant-sea second class. From 1830-1841 he worked at the topographical office in modern-day Jakarta where he eventually became director. In 1844 he had to return to Europe for health reasons, where he carried out cartographic, geographic and ethnographic work and was also employed as a draftsman, and missionary nurse. In 1844, on his return to Europe, he visited Ceylon, the Transvaal and Cape of Good Hope, where he supported the work of missions and for his services provided to French ships, was awarded a Legion of Honour. Palestine In 1851 Van de Velde visited Palestine, where he carried out various surveys, drawings, paintings and around one hundred watercolours for postcards. After hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cistern
A cistern (Middle English ', from Latin ', from ', "box", from Greek ', "basket") is a waterproof receptacle for holding liquids, usually water. Cisterns are often built to catch and store rainwater. Cisterns are distinguished from wells by their waterproof linings. Modern cisterns range in capacity from a few litres to thousands of cubic metres, effectively forming covered reservoirs. Origins Early domestic and agricultural use Waterproof lime plaster cisterns in the floors of houses are features of Neolithic village sites of the Levant at, for instance, Ramad and Lebwe, and by the late fourth millennium BC, as at Jawa in northeastern Lebanon, cisterns are essential elements of emerging water management techniques in dry-land farming communities. The Ancient Roman impluvium, a standard feature of the domus house, generally had a cistern underneath. The impluvium and associated structures collected, filtered, cooled, and stored the water, and also cooled and ventila ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire or Byzantium, was the continuation of the Roman Empire primarily in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinople. It survived the fragmentation and fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD and continued to exist for an additional thousand years until the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire in 1453. During most of its existence, the empire remained the most powerful economic, cultural, and military force in Europe. The terms "Byzantine Empire" and "Eastern Roman Empire" were coined after the end of the realm; its citizens continued to refer to their empire as the Roman Empire, and to themselves as Romans—a term which Greeks continued to use for themselves into Ottoman times. Although the Roman state continued and its traditions were maintained, modern historians prefer to differentiate the Byzantine Empire from Ancient ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
