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Raja Petra Kamaruddin
Raja Petra bin Raja Kamarudin (; 27 September 1950 – 9 September 2024), sometimes referred to by the initials RPK, was a Malaysian blogger and politician known for running the '' Malaysia Today'' website and publishing a series of controversial commentaries and articles on Malaysian politics in the website. Kamarudin was detained for a second time under the Internal Security Act, at 1.10pm on 12 September 2008. On 7 November 2008, Raja Petra, 58, was freed from detention after Shah Alam city High Court Justice Syed Ahmad Helmy Syed Ahmad granted his habeas corpus petition and ruled that his detention was illegal. The court noted that "the grounds for the detention order by Home Minister Datuk Seri Syed Hamid Albar for the blogger did not fall under the scope of Section 8(1) of the ISA." In May 2010, Cheras UMNO Division chairman, Syed Ali Alhabshee called on the government to strip Raja Petra of his citizenship on the grounds that his activities could affect the peace of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malay Styles And Titles
The Malay language has a complex system of Style (manner of address), styles, titles and honorifics which are used extensively in Brunei, Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia and Singapore. Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore, few provinces in the Philippines and several provinces in Indonesia regularly award honorary and life titles. What follows in this article is specific to the Malaysian system. References to Brunei and Indonesia are given when pertinent. In Malaysia, all non-hereditary titles can be granted to both men and women. Every title has a form of address which can be used by the wife of the title holder. This form is not used by the husband of a titled woman; such a woman will bear a title which is the same as a titled man. Former usage Singapore, whose Malay royalty was abolished by the Singapore in the Straits Settlements, British colonial government in 1891, has adopted civic titles for its leaders. Much of the Philippines was History of the Philippines (900–1521), historic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shah Alam
Shah Alam (, from Persian language, Persian, meaning "king of the world") is a city and the state capital of Selangor, Malaysia which is situated within the Petaling District and a small portion of the neighbouring Klang District. Shah Alam replaced Kuala Lumpur as the capital city of the state of Selangor in 1978 due to Kuala Lumpur's incorporation into a Federal Territory (Malaysia), Federal Territory in 1974. Shah Alam was the first List of planned cities, planned city in Malaysia after Independence Day (Malaysia), independence from Britain in 1957. History Malaysia grew rapidly after its independence in 1957 under its second Prime Minister of Malaysia, Prime Minister, Allahyarham Tun Abdul Razak, Tun Abdul Razak Hussein. Shah Alam was once known as Sungai Renggam and was noted for its rubber and oil palm estates. Later, the same area was identified as Batu Tiga prior to Malaysian independence, and has been a centre of rubber and palm oil trade for centuries. The Sungai Reng ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Penang
Penang is a Malaysian state located on the northwest coast of Peninsular Malaysia along the Strait of Malacca. It has two parts: Penang Island, where the capital city, George Town, is located, and Seberang Perai on the Malay Peninsula. These two halves are physically connected by the Penang Bridge and the Second Penang Bridge. The state shares borders with Kedah to the north and east, and Perak to the south. Penang is one of Malaysia's most developed economic powerhouses, with the highest GDP per capita and Human Development Index of all states. It also ranks second among the states in terms of average wages. Penang is Malaysia's leading exporter with over RM447 billion (US$ billion) in exports in 2023, primarily through the Penang International Airport which is also the nation's second busiest by aircraft movements. Established by Francis Light in 1786, Penang became part of the Straits Settlements, a British crown colony also comprising Malacca and Singapore ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yang Di-Pertua Negeri
In Malaysia, the Governor, officially Yang di-Pertua Negeri (Jawi script, Jawi: , ) is a constitutional title given to the head of state in States and federal territories of Malaysia, states without a ruler, namely: Penang, Malacca, Sabah and Sarawak. This is in contrast to a ruler () which is a constitutional title given to states with hereditary monarchies, namely: the Sultans of Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Pahang, Perak, Selangor and Terengganu; the House of Jamalullail (Perlis), Raja of Perlis and the ''Yang di-Pertuan Besar'' (lit. 'He Who is Made Chief Ruler') of Negeri Sembilan. They are appointed to renewable four-year terms by the ''Yang di-Pertuan Agong'' (lit. 'He Who is Made Supreme Ruler'), the King of Malaysia, after consulting the Heads of state governments of Malaysia, chief minister or premier. functions as the head of state in a parliamentary democracy. Their discretionary roles include appointing the head of government, the chief minister (Malay: ''Ketua Men ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federal Legislative Council
The Federal Legislative Council (also known simply as the Legislative Council) was the legislative body of the Federation of Malaya and the predecessor of the Malaysian Parliament. It was formed in 1948 after the abolition of the Malayan Union and the formation of the federation, as part of the United Kingdom's promise to grant self-rule to the Malayans. The council convened in Kuala Lumpur. The council was composed of representatives from the Malay, the Chinese and the Indian communities. Initially, all representatives were appointed by the British High Commissioner for Malaya. In 1948, the Federal Legislative Council consisted of 75 members (three ex-officio, 11 from the Malay states and the Straits Settlements, 11 British officials and 50 unofficial members). This was the first time the Legislative Council had two thirds unofficial majority. The British High Commissioner ceased to preside over the Council in 1953. In his place a Speaker was appointed. The first Speaker of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Menteri Besar
head of government, Heads of government in Malaysia's many states of Malaysia, states take on various titles. Seven out of nine in the Peninsular Malaysia, Peninsular who each have Monarchies of Malaysia, historical monarchs are known as the Menteri Besar (Jawi script, Jawi: , literally ''Grand Mantri#South East Asia, Minister'' or ''First Minister''; abbreviated as MB), while the rest in the federation are titled Chief Minister (abbreviated as CM; in Malay: ''Ketua Menteri;'' abbreviated as KM) and previously Sarawak until it was changed to the title Premier (''Premier of Sarawak, Premier)'' since 2022. For four states without a monarch, the title is used The nine monarchies of Malaysia, hereditary rulers of the Malay states and the Yang di-Pertua Negeri, appointed governors of the other four states serve as constitutional and ceremonial heads of their states, while the state executive authority rests with the Menteris Besar, chief ministers and premier. Following elections t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raja Tun Uda Al-Haj Bin Raja Muhammad
Raja Uda ibni Raja Muhammad (15 December 1894 – 17 October 1976) was a Malaysian statesman during the country's struggle for independence and its early years of nationhood. He was a civil servant under the British colonial administration, and eventually rose to important administrative positions within the government. Upon the independence of Malaya in 1957, he became the first Yang di-Pertua Negeri (Governor) of Penang, one of the four states in Malaysia without a hereditary ruler. Uda was also the grandfather of Malaysian political blogger Raja Petra Kamaruddin. Biography Raja Uda was a member of the Selangor royal family, being a distant cousin of Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah and a direct descendant of the first Sultan of Selangor. He married both of Sultan Hisamuddin's sisters namely, Tengku Badariah binti Sultan Alaeddin Sulaiman Shah and Tengku Nor Saadah. Educated at the Malay College Kuala Kangsar, Raja Uda joined the colonial government service in 1910 at the age of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hisamuddin Alam Shah
Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Al-Haj Ibni Almarhum Sultan Alaeddin Sulaiman Shah ( Jawi: ; 13 May 1898 – 1 September 1960) was Sultan of Selangor from 1938 to 1942, later from 1945, and the second Yang di-Pertuan Agong of the Federation of Malaya from 14 April, until his death on 1 September 1960. Early life and education He was the third son of Sultan Alauddin Sulaiman Shah ibni Raja Muda Musa (1863–1938) by Cik Puan Hasnah binti Pilong, a commoner wife. Named Tengku Alam Shah at birth, he was not expected to succeed as he had two elder half-brothers, born to his father's royal consort. Educated at the Malay College Kuala Kangsar, he was instrumental in the establishment of the Malay College Old Boys Association in 1929. In 1931, he was appointed Tengku Laksamana of Selangor, having previously served as Tengku Panglima Raja. Selangor succession dispute Sultan Alaeddin Sulaiman Shah had multiple children, his first three sons being Tengku Musa Eddin, Tengku Badar Shah and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sultan Of Selangor
Sultan of Selangor (سلطان سلاڠور) is the title of the constitutional ruler of Selangor, Malaysia who is the head of state and head of the Islamic religion in Selangor. The current monarch, Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah ascended the throne on the death of his father, on 22 November 2001. History 1743–1766: Pre-formation The Sultans of Selangor are descended from a Bugis dynasty that claim descent from the rulers of Luwu in the South Sulawesi, southern part of Celebes (today known as Sulawesi). Nobles from this bloodline were involved in the dispute over the Johor Sultanate, Johor-Riau Sultanate, Riau Sultanate in the early 18th century, eventually placing their full support in the cause of Sulaiman Badrul Alam Shah of Johor of the Bendahara dynasty against the claimant to the Malaccan lineage, Raja Kechil. For this reason, the Sultan of Johor, Bendahara rulers of Johor-Riau established close relations with the Bugis nobles, providing them with titles and control over ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yang Di-Pertuan Agong
The King of Malaysia, officially ''Yang di-Pertuan Agong'' ( Jawi alphabet, Jawi: ), is the constitutional monarch and Figurehead, ceremonial head of state of Malaysia. The office was established in 1957, when the Federation of Malaya gained independence from the United Kingdom. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong is elected by the Conference of Rulers, comprising the nine Monarchies of Malaysia, rulers of the Malay states, with the office ''de facto'' rotated between them, making Malaysia one of the world's few elective monarchy, elective monarchies. The 17th and current Yang di-Pertuan Agong is Ibrahim Iskandar of Johor. He was elected on 26 October 2023, at a special meeting of the Conference of Rulers; he took the oath of office and was sworn in at the Istana Negara, Jalan Tuanku Abdul Halim, Istana Negara on 31 January 2024. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong's queen consort is known as the ''Raja Permaisuri Agong'', currently Raja Zarith Sofiah. The royal couple are styled in English as "H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salahuddin Of Malaysia
Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Al-Haj ibni Almarhum Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Al-Haj ( Jawi: ; 8 March 1926 – 21 November 2001) was the Sultan of Selangor from 1960, and the eleventh Yang di-Pertuan Agong (King of Malaysia) from 1999, until his death in 2001. Early life Tengku Abdul Aziz Shah was born at 3:30 pm on 8 March 1926 at the Istana Bandar Temasha, Jugra, Kuala Langat. He was the eldest son of Sultan Hisamuddin of Selangor by his royal consort, Tengku Ampuan Jemaah. He received his early education at the Pengkalan Batu Malay School in Klang in 1934. In 1936, he furthered his studies at the Malay College Kuala Kangsar until 1941 when World War II began. After World War II, he went to England in 1947 and studied at the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London for two years. Upon his return from the United Kingdom, he served with the Civil Service Department as a trainee officer with the Selangor Survey Department. He later served as an Inspe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
