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Rainaldo Maestro
Rainaldo was a 12th-century architect in Pisa. He is assumed to be the one who completed the work on the Pisa Cathedral started by Buscheto. The attribution is based on his own declaration left on the façade of the cathedral that defined the Pisan Romanesque style. Rainaldo, together with Buscheto, is therefore considered a creator of this influential style. No details of Rainaldo's biography are known. Extent and timing of his contributions are also uncertain. Usually Rainaldo is thought to be an architect overseeing (in the 12th century) an extension of the nave by adding three bays consistent with the original style of Buscheto, enlarging the transept, and planning a new facade which was completed by workers under the direction of the sculptors Guglielmo and Biduino. The exact date of the work is unclear: according to some, the work was done right after the death of Buscheto about the year 1110, though others say it was done closer to 1140, yet other researchers suggest the e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pisa Cathedral
Pisa Cathedral (), officially the Primatial Metropolitan Cathedral of the Assumption of Mary (), is a medieval Catholic cathedral dedicated to the Assumption of the Virgin Mary, in the Piazza dei Miracoli in Pisa, Italy, the oldest of the three structures in the plaza followed by the Pisa Baptistry and the Campanile known as the Leaning Tower of Pisa. The cathedral is a notable example of Romanesque architecture, in particular the style known as Pisan Romanesque. Consecrated in 1118, it is the seat of the Archbishop of Pisa. Construction began in 1064 and was completed in 1092. Additional enlargements and a new façade were built in the 12th century and the roof was replaced after damage from a fire in 1595. History Construction on the cathedral began in 1064 by the architect Buscheto, and expenses were paid using the spoils received fighting against the Muslims in Sicily in 1064. It includes various stylistic elements: classical, Lombard-Emilian, Byzantine, and Islamic, dr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pisa
Pisa ( ; ) is a city and ''comune'' (municipality) in Tuscany, Central Italy, straddling the Arno just before it empties into the Ligurian Sea. It is the capital city of the Province of Pisa. Although Pisa is known worldwide for the Leaning Tower of Pisa, the city contains more than twenty other historic churches, several medieval palaces, and bridges across the Arno. Much of the city's architecture was financed from its history as one of the Italian maritime republics. The city is also home to the University of Pisa, which has a history going back to the 12th century, the Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, founded by Napoleon in 1810, and its offshoot, the Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies.Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna di Pisa Information statistics History ...
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Buscheto
Buscheto or Busketus (sometimes also Buschetto or Boschetto, early Latin writers also used Bruschettus, active in Pisa between 1063 and 1110) was an Italian architect. He designed the plans for Pisa's Cathedral Square (Piazza dei Miracoli) and thus created the distinct Pisan Romanesque design style used throughout the square. Buscheto had unitary vision fusing together architectural ideas of classical Rome, Byzantine, Arab, and Lombard Romanesque architectures, placing him amongst the best architects of the 11th and 12th centuries. Very little is known about Buscheto; claims that he was a Greek from Dulichium are based on a misreading of the epitaph. Leopoldo Cicognara had assumed Buscheto's Italian origin based on his name, yet Leader Scott points out that this can be a nickname. Approaches utilized by the architect cannot be explained by local traditions (Pisa likely did not even have its own school of architecture before Buscheto). Buscheto's style suggests first-hand famili ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treccani
Institute Giovanni Treccani for the publication of the Italian Encyclopedia (), also known as Treccani Institute or simply Treccani, is a cultural institution of national interest, active in the publishing field, founded by Giovanni Treccani and Giovanni Gentile in 1925. It is known for publishing the first edition and the subsequent ten supplements of the ''Italian Encyclopaedia of Science, Literature and Arts'' (). History The Institute of the Italian Encyclopaedia was founded in Rome in 1925 by Giovanni Treccani, with the philosopher Giovanni Gentile as editor-in-chief. The first publication by the Institute was the ''Enciclopedia Italiana di Scienze, Lettere e Arti'' (). This encyclopaedia, best known as ''Enciclopedia Italiana'' or the ''Great Encyclopaedia'', is an Italian-language encyclopaedia and is regarded as one of the great encyclopaedias, being international in scope, alongside ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' and others. Since the 1990s, Treccani has been playing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pisan Romanesque Style
Pisan Romanesque style is a variant of the Romanesque architectural style that developed in Pisa at the end of the 10th century and which influenced a wide geographical area at the time when the city was a powerful maritime republic (from the second half of the 11th century to the first one of the 13th century). The Pisan Romanesque culture developed above all at the construction sites of Piazza dei Miracoli (some stylistic elements can also be noticed in the earlier buildings), and from there it spread to other Pisa projects, to the territories controlled by the Republic of Pisa (including Corsica and Sardinia, and going as far as Elba) and to Tuscany, especially the northern band from Lucca to Pistoia. Architecture History The Pisan Romanesque style had sprung into popularity, "as if by magic", on a location in Pisa that later became known as Piazza dei Miracoli. In a succession, the Pisa Cathedral (Duomo), Pisa Baptistery, the bell tower (now known as the Leaning Towe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duomo Di Pisa, Targa 1
''Duomo'' (, ) is an Italian language, Italian term for a church with the features of, or having been built to serve as a cathedral, whether or not it currently plays this role. The Duomo of Monza, for example, has never been a diocesan seat and is by definition not a cathedral. In a similar way, the town of Asolo has not had its own bishop since the 10th century, but the main church (rebuilt since then) is still called the Asolo Duomo. By contradistinction, the Italian word for a cathedral ''sensu stricto'' is ''cattedrale''. There is no direct translation of "duomo" into English, leading to many such churches being erroneously called "cathedral" in English, regardless of whether the church in question hosts a bishop. Each city or town will have only one ''duomo'', unless there are different denominations involved. Locally, people usually use ''il Duomo'', the ''Duomo'', without regard to the full proper name of the church. Similar words exist in other European languages: ''D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nave
The nave () is the central part of a church, stretching from the (normally western) main entrance or rear wall, to the transepts, or in a church without transepts, to the chancel. When a church contains side aisles, as in a basilica-type building, the strict definition of the term "nave" is restricted to the central aisle. In a broader, more colloquial sense, the nave includes all areas available for the lay worshippers, including the side-aisles and transepts.Cram, Ralph Adams Nave The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 10. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. Accessed 13 July 2018 Either way, the nave is distinct from the area reserved for the choir and clergy. Description The nave extends from the entry—which may have a separate vestibule (the narthex)—to the chancel and may be flanked by lower side-aisles separated from the nave by an arcade. If the aisles are high and of a width comparable to the central nave, the structure is sometimes said to have three nave ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bay (architecture)
In architecture, a bay is the space between architectural elements, or a recess or compartment. The term ''bay'' comes from Old French ''baie'', meaning an opening or hole."Bay" ''Online Etymology Dictionary''. http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=bay&searchmode=none accessed 3/10/2014 __NOTOC__ Examples # The spaces between post (structural), posts, columns, or buttresses in the length of a building, the division in the widths being called aisle, aisles. This meaning also applies to overhead vaults (between rib vault, ribs), in a building using a vaulted structural system. For example, the Gothic architecture period's Chartres Cathedral has a nave (main interior space) that is '' "seven bays long." '' Similarly in timber framing a bay is the space between posts in the transverse direction of the building and aisles run longitudinally."Bay", n.3. def. 1-6 and "Bay", n.5 def 2. ''Oxford English Dictionary'' Second Edition on CD-ROM (v. 4.0) © Oxford Un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transept
A transept (with two semitransepts) is a transverse part of any building, which lies across the main body of the building. In cruciform ("cross-shaped") cruciform plan, churches, in particular within the Romanesque architecture, Romanesque and Gothic architecture, Gothic Christianity, Christian church architecture, church architectural traditions, a transept is an area set crosswise to the nave. Each half of a transept is known as a semitransept. Description The transept of a church separates the nave from the sanctuary, apse, Choir (architecture), choir, chevet, presbytery (architecture), presbytery, or chancel. The transepts cross the nave at the crossing (architecture), crossing, which belongs equally to the main nave axis and to the transept. Upon its four Pier (architecture), piers, the crossing may support a spire (e.g., Salisbury Cathedral), a central tower (e.g., Gloucester Cathedral) or a crossing dome (e.g., St Paul's Cathedral). Since the altar is usually located a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biduino
Biduino or Biduinus (active c. 1173 – 1194) was an Italian sculptor and architect from the Romanesque period, active around Pisa and Lucca Città di Lucca ( ; ) is a city and ''comune'' in Tuscany, Central Italy, on the Serchio River, in a fertile plain near the Ligurian Sea. The city has a population of about 89,000, while its Province of Lucca, province has a population of 383,9 .... His name is attributed to having been born in Bidogno in Val, near Lugano. by Giuseppe Merzario, page 197. Works Works attributed to this artist are found in: * Santi Ippolit ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bonanno Pisano
Bonanno Pisano (born in Pisa; ) was an Italian sculptor, mixing Byzantine and classical elements. Giorgio Vasari attributed the realization of the Leaning Tower of Pisa to him in his '' Vite''. Pisano was born in Pisa and worked there most of his life. In the 1180s, he departed for Monreale, in Sicily, where he completed the doors to the cathedral before returning to Pisa, where he died. Pisano was buried at the foot of the leaning tower, where his sarcophagus was discovered in 1820. Bonanno contributed to the Tower of Pisa in 1175, one year after the construction began. The Leaning Tower Of Pisa Bonanno Pisano is said to have used his sculping skills to contribute to the design of the Leaning Tower of Pisa. Since his name was found at the foot of the tower in 1820. Nobody quite knows how he contributed exactly, but is expected to have been one of the sculptors that designed the original blueprints. (all of this is based off of other sources) Between March 1179 and March 1180, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People From Pisa
The term "the people" refers to the public or common mass of people of a polity. As such it is a concept of human rights law, international law as well as constitutional law, particularly used for claims of popular sovereignty. In contrast, a people is any plurality of persons considered as a whole. Used in politics and law, the term "a people" refers to the collective or community of an ethnic group or nation. Concepts Legal Chapter One, Article One of the Charter of the United Nations states that "peoples" have the right to self-determination. Though the mere status as peoples and the right to self-determination, as for example in the case of Indigenous peoples (''peoples'', as in all groups of indigenous people, not merely all indigenous persons as in ''indigenous people''), does not automatically provide for independent sovereignty and therefore secession. Indeed, judge Ivor Jennings identified the inherent problems in the right of "peoples" to self-determination, as i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
