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Rafael Samudio
Rafael Samudio Molina (3 January 1932 – 11 June 2025) was a Colombian military officer and politician. He served as Minister of National Defense from 1986 to 1988. Samudio was one of the leaders of the retake of the Palace of Justice after the siege by 19th of April Movement in 1989. Samudio died in Bogotá Bogotá (, also , , ), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santa Fe de Bogotá (; ) during the Spanish Imperial period and between 1991 and 2000, is the capital city, capital and largest city ... on 11 June 2025, at the age of 93. References {{DEFAULTSORT:Samudio, Rafael 1932 births 2025 deaths Colombian generals Ministers of defense of Colombia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brackets
A bracket is either of two tall fore- or back-facing punctuation marks commonly used to isolate a segment of text or data from its surroundings. They come in four main pairs of shapes, as given in the box to the right, which also gives their names, that vary between British English, British and American English. "Brackets", without further qualification, are in British English the ... marks and in American English the ... marks. Other symbols are repurposed as brackets in specialist contexts, such as International Phonetic Alphabet#Brackets and transcription delimiters, those used by linguists. Brackets are typically deployed in symmetric pairs, and an individual bracket may be identified as a "left" or "right" bracket or, alternatively, an "opening bracket" or "closing bracket", respectively, depending on the Writing system#Directionality, directionality of the context. In casual writing and in technical fields such as computing or linguistic analysis of grammar, brackets ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bogotá
Bogotá (, also , , ), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santa Fe de Bogotá (; ) during the Spanish Imperial period and between 1991 and 2000, is the capital city, capital and largest city of Colombia, and one of the List of largest cities, largest cities in the world. The city is administered as the Capital District, as well as the capital of, though not politically part of, the surrounding department of Cundinamarca Department, Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the main political, economic, administrative, industrial, cultural, aeronautical, technological, scientific, medical and educational center of the country and northern South America. Bogotá was founded as the capital of the New Kingdom of Granada on 6 August 1538 by Spanish conquistador Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada after a harsh Spanish conquest of the Muisca, e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Western Hemisphere Institute For Security Cooperation
The Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation (WHINSEC), formerly the School of the Americas, is a United States Department of Defense school located at Fort Benning (briefly known as Fort Moore) in Columbus, Georgia, the school being renamed in the 2001 National Defense Authorization Act. The institute was founded in 1946; by the year 2000, more than 60,000 Latin American military, law enforcement, and security personnel had attended the school. The school was located in the Panama Canal Zone until its expulsion in 1984. When the institute was still known as the School of the Americas it had what it described as a 'Hall of Fame' honoring its most accomplished alumni. It included Bolivian dictator Gen. Hugo Bánzer Suárez, drug lord and dictator Manuel Noriega, and Guatemalan General Manuel Antonio Callejas y Caltejas, who is currently a fugitive wanted on charges of torture. History Latin American Training Center-Ground Division In 1946, the United States Arm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of National Defense (Colombia)
The Ministry of National Defence () is the national executive ministry of the Government of Colombia charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government relating directly to national security and the military forces of Colombia, similar to the defense ministries in other countries. It is composed of the National Army, Navy, Aerospace Force and the National Police. List of ministers Ministers of War Ministers of National Defense References Footnotes Citations {{Authority control Colombia Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country primarily located in South America with Insular region of Colombia, insular regions in North America. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuel ... Military of Colombia Military history of Colombia National Defence 1965 establishments in Colombia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palace Of Justice Siege
The Palace of Justice siege was a 1985 attack on the Supreme Court of Colombia, in which members of the leftist M-19 guerrilla group took over the Palace of Justice in Bogotá and held the Supreme Court hostage, intending to hold a trial against President Belisario Betancur. The guerrilla group called themselves the " Iván Marino Ospina Company" after an M-19 commander who had been killed by the Colombian military on 28 August 1985. Hours later, after a military raid, the incident had left almost half of the twenty-five Supreme Court Justices dead. Luis Otero was in charge of directing the military aspects of the siege. Background Major drug traffickers had issued death threats against the Supreme Court Justices since 1985, with the intention of forcing them to rule out the Extradition Treaty with the United States. Security agency foreknowledge According to the investigation carried out by the Special Court of Instruction created by decree 3300 of 1985, state security a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
19th Of April Movement
The 19th of April Movement (), or M-19, was a Colombian urban guerrilla movement active in the late 1970s and 1980s. After its demobilization in 1990 it became a political party, the M-19 Democratic Alliance (), or AD/M-19. The M-19 traced its origins to the allegedly fraudulent presidential elections of 19 April 1970, where the left-wing populist National Popular Alliance (ANAPO) of former military dictator Gustavo Rojas Pinilla was defeated by the National Front, a power sharing coalition of the two main establishment parties. M-19 initially proclaimed itself the armed wing of ANAPO, though party leaders denied any association. The ideology of the M-19 was revolutionary nationalism, but it claimed its main aim was to open up electoral democracy in Colombia. It was inspired by other South American urban guerrilla groups, such as the Tupamaros in Uruguay and the Montoneros in Argentina. At its height in the mid-1980s, the M-19 was the second largest guerrilla gro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
El Espectador
''El Espectador'' () is a nationally circulated Colombian newspaper founded by Fidel Cano Gutiérrez in 1887 in Medellín and published since 1915 in Bogotá. It was initially published twice a week, 500 issues each, but some years later became a daily paper. As the oldest newspaper in Colombia still in circulation'', El Espectador'' is considered a newspaper of record for Colombia and a home for prominent writers, including the 1982 Nobel Prize Laurete Gabriel García Márquez. It is a member of the Inter American Press Association and the Asociación de Diarios Colombianos (ANDIARIOS). It defined itself as a "political, literary, news, and industrial newspaper". In 2001, during a financial crisis, It transitioned into a weekly release, but reverted to a daily release on May 11, 2008, a comeback which had long been rumoured. With this change, it now utilized a by tabloid format. From 1997 to 2011 its main shareholder was Julio Mario Santo Domingo. Since 2001, the paper ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Infobae
Infobae is an international Argentine online newspaper. It was launched in 2002 by businessman Daniel Hadad, with the original headquarters in Buenos Aires. The company expanded globally with local editions in New York City, Mexico City, Miami, Bogotá, São Paulo, Lima, and Madrid, all led by Marcos Stupenengo. The expansion increased Infobae's international audience, becoming one of the most read Spanish-language online newspapers worldwide. Censorship in Venezuela On 10 October 2014, Conatel, the Venezuelan National Commission of Telecommunications, blocked access to Infobae in Venezuela after Infobae published photos of the corpse of the recently murdered United Socialist Party of Venezuela The United Socialist Party of Venezuela (, PSUV, ) is a Socialism, socialist political party which has been the ruling party of Venezuela since 2007. It was formed from a merger of some of the political and social forces that support the Bolivar ... (PSUV) member Robert Serra. Co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1932 Births
Events January * January 4 – The British authorities in India arrest and intern Mahatma Gandhi and Vallabhbhai Patel. * January 9 – Sakuradamon Incident (1932), Sakuradamon Incident: Korean nationalist Lee Bong-chang fails in his effort to assassinate Emperor Hirohito of Japan. The Kuomintang's official newspaper runs an editorial expressing regret that the attempt failed, which is used by the Japanese as a pretext to attack Shanghai later in the month. * January 22 – The 1932 Salvadoran peasant uprising begins; it is suppressed by the government of Maximiliano Hernández Martínez. * January 24 – Marshal Pietro Badoglio declares the end of Libyan resistance. * January 26 – British submarine aircraft carrier sinks with the loss of all 60 onboard on exercise in Lyme Bay in the English Channel. * January 28 – January 28 incident: Conflict between Japan and China in Shanghai. * January 31 – Japanese warships arrive in Nanking. February * February 2 ** A general ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2025 Deaths
The following notable deaths occurred in 2025. Names are reported under the date of death, in alphabetical order. A typical entry reports information in the following sequence: * Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent nationality (if applicable), what subject was noted for, cause of death (if known), and a reference. June 17 16 * Nikolay Krasnikov, 40, Russian ice speedway rider, traffic collision. *, 89, Chilean actress and actors' rights activist. * Nellai S. Muthu, 74, Indian novelist. * John Reid, 61, Scottish record producer, singer ( Nightcrawlers) and songwriter. (death announced on this date) * Julio Retamal Favereau, 91, Chilean historian, philosopher and academic, member of the Academia Chilena de la Historia. * Ron Taylor, 87, Canadian baseball player ( St. Louis Cardinals, New York Mets) and team physician (Toronto Blue Jays), four-time World Series champion. (death announced on this date) * Jan Tesař, 92, Czech historian, writer and dissident. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colombian Generals
Colombian may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to the country of Colombia * Colombians, persons from Colombia, or of Colombian descent **For more information about the Colombian people, see: *** Demographics of Colombia *** Indigenous peoples in Colombia, Native Colombians *** Colombian American ** For specific persons, see List of Colombians * Colombian Spanish, one of the languages spoken in Colombia ** See also languages of Colombia * Colombian culture * Colombian sheep, a sheep breed * Colombian necktie * Columbians Drum and Bugle Corps, based in Pasco, Washington * Colombians, a 2017 instrumental Gorillaz track, released in the Super Deluxe boxset of "Humanz." See also * * * Christopher Columbus (1451–1506), Italian explorer after which Colombia was named * Coffee production in Colombia * Colombia (other) * Colombiana (other) * Colombina (other) * Colombino (other) * Colombine (other) * Columbia (disambiguat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
