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Radiologic Sign
A radiologic sign is an objective indication of some medical fact (that is, a medical sign) that is detected by a physician during radiologic examination with medical imaging (for example, via an X-ray, CT scan, MRI scan, or sonographic scan). Examples * Double decidual sac sign * Face of the giant panda sign * Football sign * Golden S sign * Hampton's hump * Hilum overlay sign * Kerley lines * Mickey Mouse sign * Omental cake * Peribronchial cuffing * Pneumatosis intestinalis * Rigler's sign * Westermark sign In chest radiograph A chest radiograph, chest X-ray (CXR), or chest film is a projection radiograph of the chest used to diagnose conditions affecting the chest, its contents, and nearby structures. Chest radiographs are the most common film ... See also * List of radiologic signs References {{Radiologic signs * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Double Wall Sign
Pneumoperitoneum is wikt:pneumatosis, pneumatosis (abnormal presence of air or other gas) in the peritoneal cavity, a potential space within the abdominal cavity. The most common cause is a perforated abdominal organ, generally from a perforated peptic ulcer, although any part of the bowel may perforate from a benign ulcer, tumor or abdominal trauma. A perforated appendix (anatomy), appendix rarely causes a pneumoperitoneum. Spontaneous pneumoperitoneum is a rare case that is not caused by an abdominal organ rupture. This is also called an idiopathic spontaneous pneumoperitoneum when the cause is not known. In the mid-twentieth century, an "artificial" pneumoperitoneum was sometimes intentionally administered as a treatment for a hiatal hernia. This was achieved by insufflating the abdomen with carbon dioxide. The practice is currently used by surgical teams in order to aid in performing laparoscopic surgery. Causes * Perforated duodenal ulcer – The most common cause of rupture ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Golden S Sign
In radiology, the Golden S sign, also known as the S sign of Golden, is a radiologic sign seen on chest X-ray that suggests a central lung The lungs are the primary Organ (biology), organs of the respiratory system in many animals, including humans. In mammals and most other tetrapods, two lungs are located near the Vertebral column, backbone on either side of the heart. Their ... mass or a lung collapse. It was first described by, and subsequently named after, Dr Ross Golden (1889–1975) in 1925 in association with bronchial carcinoma, but it is also seen in metastatic cancer, enlarged lymph nodes, and collapse of the right upper lobe of the lung. Appearance The Golden S sign can be seen on plain radiographs as well as on computed tomography (CT) scans of the chest. The sign is seen in the right lung as a distorted minor fissure, whose lateral aspect is concave inferiorly and whose medial aspect is convex inferiorly. This produces a "reverse S" appearance, respons ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Westermark Sign
In chest radiograph A chest radiograph, chest X-ray (CXR), or chest film is a projection radiograph of the chest used to diagnose conditions affecting the chest, its contents, and nearby structures. Chest radiographs are the most common film taken in medicine. L ...y, the Westermark sign is a sign that represents a focus of oligemia (hypovolemia) (leading to collapse of vessel) seen distal to a pulmonary embolism (PE). While the chest x-ray is normal in the majority of PE cases, the Westermark sign is seen in 2% of patients. Essentially, this is a plain X-ray version of a filling defect as seen on computed tomography pulmonary arteriogram. The sign results from a combination of: # the dilation of the pulmonary arteries proximal to the embolus and # the collapse of the distal vasculature creating the appearance of a sharp cut off on chest radiography. Sensitivity and specificity The Westermark sign, like Hampton's hump (a wedge shaped, pleural based consolidation asso ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rigler's Sign
Pneumoperitoneum is pneumatosis (abnormal presence of air or other gas) in the peritoneal cavity, a potential space within the abdominal cavity. The most common cause is a perforated abdominal organ, generally from a perforated peptic ulcer, although any part of the bowel may perforate from a benign ulcer, tumor or abdominal trauma. A perforated appendix rarely causes a pneumoperitoneum. Spontaneous pneumoperitoneum is a rare case that is not caused by an abdominal organ rupture. This is also called an idiopathic spontaneous pneumoperitoneum when the cause is not known. In the mid-twentieth century, an "artificial" pneumoperitoneum was sometimes intentionally administered as a treatment for a hiatal hernia. This was achieved by insufflating the abdomen with carbon dioxide. The practice is currently used by surgical teams in order to aid in performing laparoscopic surgery. Causes * Perforated duodenal ulcer – The most common cause of rupture in the abdomen. Especiall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pneumatosis Intestinalis
Pneumatosis intestinalis (also called intestinal pneumatosis, pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis, pneumatosis coli, or intramural bowel gas) is pneumatosis of an intestine, that is, gas cysts in the bowel wall. As a radiological sign it is highly suggestive for necrotizing enterocolitis. This is in contrast to gas in the intestinal lumen (which is relieved by flatulence). In newborns, pneumatosis intestinalis is considered diagnostic for necrotizing enterocolitis, and the gas is produced by bacteria in the bowel wall. The pathogenesis of pneumatosis intestinalis is poorly understood and is likely multifactorial. PI itself is not a disease, but rather a clinical sign. In some cases, PI is an incidental finding, whereas in others, it portends a life-threatening intra-abdominal condition. __TOC__ Additional images File:Pneumatosis intestinalis CT LF Darmischaemie cor.jpg, Pneumatosis intestinalis at computed tomography in intestinal ischemia. Lung window for better represent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peribronchial Cuffing
Peribronchial cuffing, also referred to as peribronchial thickening or bronchial wall thickening, is a radiologic sign which occurs when excess fluid or mucus buildup in the small airway passages of the lung causes localized patches of atelectasis (lung collapse). This causes the area around the bronchus to appear more prominent on an X-ray. It has also been described as donut sign, considering the edge is thicker, and the center contains air. __TOC__ Examples Peribronchial cuffing is seen in a number of conditions including: * Acute bronchitis * Asthma following exercise or during an acute episode * Bronchiolitis * Bronchopulmonary dysplasia * Congestive heart failure * Cystic fibrosis Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder inherited in an autosomal recessive manner that impairs the normal clearance of Sputum, mucus from the lungs, which facilitates the colonization and infection of the lungs by bacteria, notably ''Staphy ... * Diffuse parenchymal lung disease * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Omental Cake
Omental cake is a radiologic sign indicative of an abnormally thickened greater omentum. It refers to infiltration of the normal omental structure by other types of soft-tissue or chronic inflammation resulting in a thickened, or cake-like appearance. Causes Typically, it is caused by infiltration of metastatic tumors arising from the stomach, ovary, or colon. This dissemination of cancerous cells that do not originate from the omentum itself is called peritoneal carcinomatosis. It can occur other regional tumors such as lymphoma where it is associated with regional lymphadenopathy. It can also rarely occur as a result of infectious causes such as tuberculous peritonitis, peritoneal coccidioidomycosis, and histoplasmosis. Signs and symptoms For the most common cause, peritoneal carcinomatosis, omental caking is associated with a wide variety of symptoms. Ascites and intestinal peristalsis is known to have an effect on how diffusely the cancer cells are spread t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mickey Mouse Sign
Mickey Mouse sign is a medical sign resembling the head of Mickey Mouse, the Walt Disney character. Presented for the very first time at the CHIVA's Meeting, Berlin 2002 by Dr. Lurdes Cerol, this sign has been described as the image at the groin when a dilated accessory saphenous vein (ASV) exists: the common femoral vein (CFV) represents the head of Mickey Mouse while the great saphenous vein (GSV) and the dilated accessory saphenous vein (ASV) represent the ears. The presence of a Mickey Mouse sign has been a great diagnostic clue to check ASV insufficiency. Some authors, inspired by this sign, described an ecographic "Mickey Mouse View" at the saphenofemoral junction in the groin: the common femoral vein (CFV) represents the head of Mickey Mouse while the great saphenous vein (GSV) and the accessory saphenous vein (ASV) represent the ears. But it can be seen in different regions of the body: * Midbrain of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). * Polyostotic Paget's dis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kerley Lines
Kerley lines are a radiologic sign, sign seen on chest radiographs with interstitial pulmonary edema. They are thin linear pulmonary opacities caused by fluid or cellular infiltration into the pulmonary interstitium, interstitium of the lungs. They are named after Irish neurologist and radiologist Peter Kerley. Associated conditions They are suggestive for the diagnosis of congestive heart failure, but are also seen in various non-cardiac conditions such as pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial deposition of Heavy metal (chemistry), heavy metal particles or carcinomatosis of the lung. Chronic Kerley B lines may be caused by fibrosis or hemosiderin deposition caused by recurrent pulmonary edema. Types Kerley A lines These are longer (at least 2cm and up to 6cm) unbranching lines coursing diagonally from the hilum of lung, hila out to the periphery of the lungs. They are caused by distension of anastomotic channels between peripheral and central lymphatics of the lungs. Kerley A lines ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hilum Overlay Sign
The hilum overlay sign is an imaging appearance on chest radiographs in which the outline of the hilum can be seen at the level of a mass or collection in the mid chest. It implies that the mass is not in the middle mediastinum, and is either from anterior or posterior mediastinum(most of the masses arise from the anterior mediastinum). See also * Chest radiograph * Human lung * Mediastinum * Radiology * X-ray An X-ray (also known in many languages as Röntgen radiation) is a form of high-energy electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength shorter than those of ultraviolet rays and longer than those of gamma rays. Roughly, X-rays have a wavelength ran ... References Radiologic signs {{Med-sign-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hampton's Hump
Hampton's hump, also called Hampton hump, is a radiologic sign which consists of a shallow wedge-shaped opacity in the periphery of the lung with its base against the pleural surface. It is named after Aubrey Otis Hampton, who first described it in 1940. Hampton's hump along with Westermark sign may aid in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a blockage of an pulmonary artery, artery in the lungs by a substance that has moved from elsewhere in the body through the bloodstream (embolism). Symptoms of a PE may include dyspnea, shortness of breath, chest pain ..., although they are rare and their sensitivities and interoperator reliabilities are low. If the sign is present in an image, there is a high chance that the person has a pulmonary embolism, but when the sign is absent a pulmonary embolism is not ruled out. References {{Radiologic signs Radiologic signs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Football Sign
Pneumoperitoneum is pneumatosis (abnormal presence of air or other gas) in the peritoneal cavity, a potential space within the abdominal cavity. The most common cause is a perforated abdominal organ, generally from a perforated peptic ulcer, although any part of the bowel may perforate from a benign ulcer, tumor or abdominal trauma. A perforated appendix rarely causes a pneumoperitoneum. Spontaneous pneumoperitoneum is a rare case that is not caused by an abdominal organ rupture. This is also called an idiopathic spontaneous pneumoperitoneum when the cause is not known. In the mid-twentieth century, an "artificial" pneumoperitoneum was sometimes intentionally administered as a treatment for a hiatal hernia. This was achieved by insufflating the abdomen with carbon dioxide. The practice is currently used by surgical teams in order to aid in performing laparoscopic surgery. Causes * Perforated duodenal ulcer – The most common cause of rupture in the abdomen. Especially of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
