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Queis
The Kwisa (, , ) is a river in south-western Poland, a left tributary of the Bóbr, which itself is a left tributary of the Oder river. It rises in the Jizera Mountains, part of the Western Sudetes range, where it runs along the border with the Czech Republic. At the slope of the Smrk massif it turns northwards, flowing along the towns of Świeradów-Zdrój, Mirsk, Gryfów Śląski, Leśna, where it is dammed at the Lake Leśnia reservoir, to Lubań, Nowogrodziec and Kliczków. It finally joins the Bóbr river approximately north-west of Małomice and south-east of Żagań. For most of its length it is in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, but it also flows through Lubusz Voivodeship for several kilometres before reaching its mouth. Border river From about 937 the southeastern outskirts of the Saxon ''Marca Geronis'', established in the conquered lands settled by the West Slavic Milceni tribes, reached to the left banks of the Queiß-Kwisa. After the partition of the march in 965, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nowogrodziec
Nowogrodziec () is a town in Bolesławiec County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It is the seat of the administrative district called Gmina Nowogrodziec. It lies on the east bank of the Kwisa river south of the Lower Silesian Wilderness, approximately south-west of Bolesławiec, and west of the regional capital Wrocław. As of 2019, the town has a population of 4,243. History Polish Duke Henry I the Bearded established the town in 1233 and granted it Magdeburg town rights. It was assigned 11 villages which were to be founded on cleared land to create a district called ''Weichbild''. Earlier, in 1202, he founded a castle, which after 1217 was granted to the Magdalene Sisters. Due to the fragmentation of Poland into smaller duchies, the town later belonged to the duchies of Legnica, Głogów and Jawor, ruled by the Silesian line of the Piast dynasty. Here the important ''Via Regia'' road crossed the Kwisa, that marked the border with the historic Upper ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mirsk
Mirsk is a town in Lwówek Śląski County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It is the seat of the administrative district (gmina) called Gmina Mirsk, close to the Czech border. It is situated on the upper Kwisa river north of the Jizera Mountains, approximately south-west of Lwówek Śląski, and west of the regional capital Wrocław, within the historic region of Lower Silesia. As of 2019, the town has a population of 3,886. History The settlement arose in the 13th century where the medieval trade route from Jelenia Góra to Zittau crossed the border with Upper Lusatia. As a result of the fragmentation of Poland, in 1319 it became part the small Piast-ruled Duchy of Jawor. It was granted town privileges modelled after nearby Lwówek Śląski by the Duke Henry I of Jawor in 1337 (according to other sources in 1329). Upon the death of his successor Duke Bolko II the Small in 1368, it passed to the Bohemian Crown and was enfeoffed to the noble House of Sch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Małomice
Małomice () is a town in western Poland, located in Żagań County, Lubusz Voivodeship, with 3,467 inhabitants (2019). It is situated on the Bóbr river between Szprotawa and Żagań. Located in the historical region of Lower Silesia, Małomice had been a centre of smelting bog iron by bloomery hearths since medieval times. History Małomice originated as a Slavic settlement. After a deer antler tool was found on the Bober river in 1877, excavations in the 1930s showed probable age from between 1000 and 1200 on the basis of pottery finds. The area formed part of the Medieval Kingdom of Poland and from the 13th century, as a result of the fragmentation of Poland, it was part of the Piast-ruled duchies of Głogów and Żagań. The first written mention of the village under the Old Polish name ''Małymicz'' dates from 1329. The village existed on agriculture and the production of bog iron. Around 1572, the lords of Schoenaich Mallmitz conferred limited town privileges. A chap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kliczków
Kliczków is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Osiecznica, within Bolesławiec County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Kliczków is the location of a notable castle dating from 1297. It is situated on the Kwisa river, approximately north-east of Osiecznica, north-west of Bolesławiec, and west of the regional capital Wrocław. History The history of the village dates back to the 13th century, when it was located on the border of the regions Lower Silesia and Upper Lusatia. The castle, constructed in 1297, served as a stronghold for knights. The remains of the former medieval stronghold are still intact, most notably, a rectangular stone keep (tower) on the western side. The initial purpose of the castle was to defend the Duchy of Świdnica and Jawor, then the southwesternmost duchy of fragmented Piast-ruled Poland. Subsequently, in the 14th century, the building changed its architectural character and purpose to serve as a manor house ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bautzen
Bautzen () or Budyšin (), until 1868 ''Budissin'' in German, is a town in eastern Saxony, Germany, and the administrative centre of the Bautzen (district), district of Bautzen. It is located on the Spree (river), Spree river, is the eighth most populous town in Saxony, and is the seat of Saxony's Bautzen (district), largest district. Bautzen lies in the bilingual Sorbian settlement area ('':hsb:Serbski sydlenski rum, Serbski sydlenski rum'') of Lusatia, and is Lusatia's third-largest town after Cottbus and Görlitz, as well as the second-largest town in Upper Lusatia. The town lies in the hilly Upper Lusatian Gefilde (:hsb:Hornjołužiske hona, ''Hornjołužiske hona''), a part of the northwesternmost foothills of the Sudetes, just north of the Lusatian Highlands. Bautzen is the first larger town on the Spree River (), and the Bautzen Reservoir (:hsb:Budyska rěčna zawěra, ''Budyska rěčna zawěra'') lies in the north of the town. In 2021, Bautzen had a population of around 3 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolesław I Chrobry
{{disambig, geo ...
Bolesław or Boleslav may refer to: People * Bolesław (given name) (also ''Boleslav'' or ''Boleslaus''), including a list of people with this name Geography * Bolesław, Dąbrowa County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland * Bolesław, Olkusz County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland * Bolesław, Silesian Voivodeship, Poland * Brandýs nad Labem-Stará Boleslav, Czech Republic * Mladá Boleslav, Czech Republic * FK Mladá Boleslav, football club from Mladá Boleslav See also * Pulß * Václav * Wenceslaus Wenceslaus, Wenceslas, Wenzeslaus and Wenzslaus (and other similar names) are Latinized forms of the Slavic names#In Slovakia and Czech_Republic, Czech name Václav. The other language versions of the name are , , , , , , among others. It origina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mieszko I
Mieszko I (; – 25 May 992) was Duchy of Poland (966–1025), Duke of Poland from 960 until his death in 992 and the founder of the first unified History of Poland, Polish state, the Civitas Schinesghe. A member of the Piast dynasty, he was the first Christian ruler of Poland and continued the policies of both his father Siemomysł and his grandfather Lestek, who initiated a process of unification among the Polish tribes and the creation of statehood. According to existing sources, Mieszko I was a potent politician, a talented military leader and a charismatic ruler. Through both alliances and military force, he extended ongoing Polish conquests. Early in his reign, he subjugated Kuyavia and likely Gdańsk Pomerania and Masovia. For most of his reign, Mieszko I waged war for control of West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Western Pomerania. He eventually annexed it to the vicinity of the lower Oder River. His internal reforms were aimed at expanding and improving the so-called war ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Piast Dynasty
The House of Piast was the first historical ruling dynasty of Poland. The first documented List of Polish monarchs, Polish monarch was Duke Mieszko I of Poland, Mieszko I (–992). The Poland during the Piast dynasty, Piasts' royal rule in Poland ended in 1370 with the death of King Casimir III the Great. Branches of the Piast dynasty continued to rule in the Duchy of Masovia (until 1526) and in the Duchies of Silesia until the last male Silesian Piast died in 1675. The Piasts intermarried with several noble lines of Europe, and possessed numerous titles, some within the Holy Roman Empire. The Jagiellonian dynasty, Jagiellonian kings ruling after the death of Casimir IV of Poland were also descended in the female line from Casimir III's daughter. Origin of the name The early dukes and kings of Poland are said to have regarded themselves as descendants of the semi-legendary Piast the Wheelwright (''Piast Kołodziej''), first mentioned in the ''Cronicae et gesta ducum sive pri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Poland
The Kingdom of Poland (; Latin: ''Regnum Poloniae'') was a monarchy in Central Europe during the Middle Ages, medieval period from 1025 until 1385. Background The West Slavs, West Slavic tribe of Polans (western), Polans who lived in what is today the historic region of Greater Poland, gave rise to a state in the early 10th century, which would become the nascent predecessor of the Kingdom of Poland. Following the Christianization of Poland in 966, and the emergence of the Duchy of Poland during the rule of Mieszko I, his eldest son Bolesław I the Brave inherited his father's dukedom and subsequently was crowned as king. History Establishment In 1025, Bolesław I the Brave of the Piast dynasty was crowned as the first List of Polish monarchs, King of Poland at the Gniezno Cathedral, cathedral in Gniezno and elevated the status of Poland from a duchy to a monarchy, kingdom after receiving permission for his coronation from Pope John XIX. Following the death of Boles ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Silesia
Silesia (see names #Etymology, below) is a historical region of Central Europe that lies mostly within Poland, with small parts in the Czech Silesia, Czech Republic and Germany. Its area is approximately , and the population is estimated at 8,000,000. Silesia is split into two main subregions, Lower Silesia in the west and Upper Silesia in the east. Silesia’s culture reflects its complex history and diverse influences, blending Polish, Czech, and German elements. The region is known for its distinctive Silesian language (still spoken by a minority in Upper Silesia), richly decorated folk National costumes of Poland, costumes, hearty regional Silesian cuisine, cuisine, and a mix of Gothic, Baroque, and industrial-era Silesian architecture, architecture seen in its cities and towns. The largest city of the region is Wrocław. Silesia is situated along the Oder River, with the Sudeten Mountains extending across the southern border. The region contains many historical landmarks ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Margravate Of Meissen
The Margravate or Margraviate of Meissen () was a medieval principality in the area of the modern German state of Saxony. It originally was a frontier march of the Holy Roman Empire, created out of the vast ''Marca Geronis'' ( Saxon Eastern March) in 965. Under the rule of the Wettin dynasty, the margravate finally merged with the former Duchy of Saxe-Wittenberg into the Saxon Electorate by 1423. Predecessors In the mid 9th century, the area of the later margravate was part of an eastern frontier zone of the Carolingian Empire called Sorbian March (''Limes Sorabicus''), after Sorbian tribes of Polabian Slavs settling beyond the Saale river. In 849, a margrave named Thachulf was documented in the ''Annales Fuldenses''. His title is rendered as ''dux Sorabici limitis'', "duke of the Sorbian frontier", but he and his East Frankish successors were commonly known as ''duces Thuringorum'', "dukes of the Thuringians", as they set about establishing their power over the older Duc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Milceni
The Milceni or Milzeni (; ; ) were a West Slavic tribe, who settled in the present-day Upper Lusatia region. They were gradually conquered by Germans during the 10th century. They were part of Sorbian tribes. Modern descendants of the Milceni are the Upper Sorbian-speaking Sorbs of the Free State of Saxony, Germany. Etymology Pavel Jozef Šafárik derived their name from Lithuanian language ''milżinas'' (giant, behemoth, colossus). Mikołaj Rudnicki considered it derives from personal names Milobud and Miloslav. Stanisław Urbańczyk reconstructed the ethnonym as ''Mělъčane'', meaning inhabitants of an assumed river called ''*Mělъcъ'' or ''*Mělъča'', with similar argumentation by E. Eichler and H. Walther, possibly as an older name of upper Spree. However, that hypothesis ignores consonant "z" and suffix "-jane", which would reject a form of Milčane, and suggest derivation of Milzane/Milzeni < ''*Milъt-jane'' < ''*Milit-jane'' from Latin [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
