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Quadrangular Mardakan Fortress
The Quadrangular Mardakan Fortress or the Great Mardakan Castle ( or ) is a historical and architectural monument located in the Mərdəkan, Mardakan settlement of the Khazar raion, Khazar district in Baku. It is included by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism of Azerbaijan (currently - the Ministry of Culture (Azerbaijan), Ministry of Culture of Azerbaijan) in the list of monuments of world importance. In 2001, along with other objects of the coastal defence of the Caspian Sea, it was included in the UNESCO World Heritage Reserve List. The fortress was built in the shape of a quadrangle in the 12th century by Akhsitan I, the son of Manuchihr III of Shirvan, Shirvanshah Minuchihr III. The courtyard of the castle has the dimensions of 24x20 meters, and the height of the tower located in the courtyard is of 22 meters. The outer walls of the castle are reinforced with semi-circular blind towers located at the corners and along the wall. In general, the donjon of the Quadrangular Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mərdəkan
Mardakan (, ) is a settlement and municipality in Khazar raion, Khazar Rayon of Baku, Azerbaijan, located on the coast of the Caspian Sea, with a population of 32,084. It's positioned on the eastern Absheron Peninsula, about 30 km away from downtown Baku, and just 10 km from Heydar Aliyev International Airport, bounded by Shuvalan to the east, Qala, Azerbaijan, Qala to the south, and Şağan, Shagan to the west. It also borders Binə, Baku, Bina in the south-west, and Buzovna to the north-west. Mardakan is the third largest settlement in Khazar Rayon by population, and one of the most populated municipalities in the country. It is considered to be the center of the Khazar Rayon, with the district's office being located in the settlement. Widely regarded and known across the peninsula as a resort town, Mardakan attracts thousands of visitors every year during the summertime. It is praised for its beaches, a generally pleasant climate, and an abundance of Recreation, recreational esta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO ) is a List of specialized agencies of the United Nations, specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) with the aim of promoting world peace and International security, security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture. It has 194 Member states of UNESCO, member states and 12 associate members, as well as partners in the Non-governmental organization, non-governmental, Intergovernmental organization, intergovernmental and private sector. Headquartered in Paris, France, UNESCO has 53 regional field offices and 199 National Commissions for UNESCO, national commissions. UNESCO was founded in 1945 as the successor to the League of Nations' International Committee on Intellectual Cooperation.English summary). UNESCO's founding mission, which was shaped by the events of World War II, is to advance peace, sustainable development and human rights by facilitating collaboratio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buildings And Structures Completed In The 14th Century
A building or edifice is an enclosed structure with a roof, walls and windows, usually standing permanently in one place, such as a house or factory. Buildings come in a variety of sizes, shapes, and functions, and have been adapted throughout history for numerous factors, from building materials available, to weather conditions, land prices, ground conditions, specific uses, prestige, and aesthetic reasons. To better understand the concept, see ''Nonbuilding structure'' for contrast. Buildings serve several societal needs – occupancy, primarily as shelter from weather, security, living space, privacy, to store belongings, and to comfortably live and work. A building as a shelter represents a physical separation of the human habitat (a place of comfort and safety) from the ''outside'' (a place that may be harsh and harmful at times). buildings have been objects or canvasses of much artistic expression. In recent years, interest in sustainable planning and building pract ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Castles And Fortresses In Azerbaijan
A castle is a type of fortified structure built during the Middle Ages predominantly by the nobility or royalty and by military orders. Scholars usually consider a ''castle'' to be the private fortified residence of a lord or noble. This is distinct from a mansion, palace, and villa, whose main purpose was exclusively for ''pleasance'' and are not primarily fortresses but may be fortified. Use of the term has varied over time and, sometimes, has also been applied to structures such as hill forts and 19th- and 20th-century homes built to resemble castles. Over the Middle Ages, when genuine castles were built, they took on a great many forms with many different features, although some, such as curtain walls, arrowslits, and portcullises, were commonplace. European-style castles originated in the 9th and 10th centuries after the fall of the Carolingian Empire, which resulted in its territory being divided among individual lords and princes. These nobles built castles ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buildings And Structures In Baku
A building or edifice is an enclosed structure with a roof, walls and windows, usually standing permanently in one place, such as a house or factory. Buildings come in a variety of sizes, shapes, and functions, and have been adapted throughout history for numerous factors, from building materials available, to weather conditions, land prices, ground conditions, specific uses, prestige, and aesthetic reasons. To better understand the concept, see ''Nonbuilding structure'' for contrast. Buildings serve several societal needs – occupancy, primarily as shelter from weather, security, living space, privacy, to store belongings, and to comfortably live and work. A building as a shelter represents a physical separation of the human habitat (a place of comfort and safety) from the ''outside'' (a place that may be harsh and harmful at times). buildings have been objects or canvasses of much artistic expression. In recent years, interest in sustainable planning and building pract ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Round Tower (Mardakan)
The Round Mardakan Fortress or the Small Mardakan Castle ( or ) is a historical and architectural monument located in the Mardakan settlement of the Khazar district in Baku. By the Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Azerbaijan, it was included in the list of historical and cultural monuments of world importance. In 2001, together with other coastal defence facilities of the Caspian Sea, it was included in the UNESCO World Heritage Reserve List. The inscription (kitabe) on the castle's donjon says that it was built in 1232 by the architect Abdulmajid ibn Masud at the order of the Shirvanshah Fariburz III. During the construction of the castle, lime mortar and local limestone were used. The Round Mardakan castle on plan consists of a central tower surrounded by powerful walls of 7 meters high supported by blind towers on the sides. The diameter of the tower is 7.6 m, the thickness of the walls on the lower floor is 2 m. Inside, the tower is divided into thr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manuchihr III Of Shirvan
Manuchihr III (also spelled Minuchihr; ) was the 19th Shirvanshah from 1120 to sometime after 1160. He was the son and successor of Afridun I (). Name Although he was described as ''Manuchihr II'' by researchers like Hadi Hasan, Vladimir Minorsky and Dickran Kouymjian, he was third person carrying this name, following his uncle Manuchihr II (1096-1106) and great-great-uncle Manuchihr I (1027-1034). During this period in Shirvanshah historiography, the names and family ties of the Shirvanshahs become exceedingly convoluted and uncertain, with the 17th-century Ottoman historian Munejjim-bashi (died 1702) only providing an incomplete of them, starting with Manuchihr, whom he calls "Shah Manuchihr ibn Kasran", Kasran being a version of ''Kisra''. Sources now start referring to the ruling Yazidi family as the "Kasranids" or "Khaqanids". Besides using the title of Shirvanshah, Manuchihr III also used the title of ''Khaqan-e Kabir'' ("Great Khan"), which was the inspiration behind ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Culture (Azerbaijan)
The Ministry of Culture of Azerbaijan Republic () is a governmental agency within the Cabinet of Azerbaijan in charge of regulation of the activities and promotion of Culture of Azerbaijan, Azerbaijani culture. The ministry is headed by Adil Karimli. General information The ministry which is located in the capital of the country- Baku is funded mainly from the state budget. The Statute of the Ministry approved by the President determines the main directions, tasks, rights and organization of activity of this state body. The institutions under the Ministry of Culture and Tourism of Azerbaijan include 28 theaters, 6308 historical and cultural monuments, 1 circus and 12 concert centers, 3985 libraries, 2708 clubs, 189 museums (with branches), 234 children's music schools, art and painting schools, 33 art galleries and exhibition hall, 21 state reserves, 60 cultural and leisure parks, 1 Zoo, a Scientific and Methodological Center for Culture, 4 Leisure Centers, 6 economic organizat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coat Of Arms Of Baku
The coat of arms of Baku is the official heraldic symbol of the city of Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan. The first emblem of the city was approved in 1840, changed in 1890, 1967, and 2001. The dimensions of the emblem are: width – 100 mm, height – 140 mm. Description and symbolism The Field (heraldry), field of the emblem of Baku is blue. The field is Charge (heraldry), charged with three golden flames and three wavy horizontal stripes that symbolize the waters of the Caspian Sea. The flames refer to the country's nickname, The Land of Fire. The field is surrounded by a thin golden contour. In the bottom part of the emblem, the black-colored area indicates the presence of petroleum. History In 1841, General Golovin, commander-in-chief of the Caucasus, and Senator Gan, chairman of the Commission for Establishing Governance of the Transcaucasian region appointed by Russian Tsar, Nicholas II of Russia, Nikolai II, notified the capital that the Caspian region (including Ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khazar Raion
The Khazar raion or Khazar rayon () is one of the 12 rayonlar in Baku, Azerbaijan. It has a population of 204,736. Khazar rayon is a part of the Baku Metropolitan Area which makes up a majority of the Absheron Peninsula, with a total population of 3,675,000 people. The district is home to the Heydar Aliyev International Airport, busiest airport in the Caucasus, and one of the busiest airports in post-Soviet countries and West Asia. It is connected to the majority of the settlements in the district by Baku Airport Highway, which also serves as the main road which connects eastern Absheron to the capital city of Baku. Name Before being renamed by the decision of the Parliament of Azerbaijan on May 11, 2010, the rayon was called Azizbekov () after Meshadi Azizbeyov, a Soviet-Azerbaijani revolutionary, leader of the revolutionary movement in Azerbaijan, and one of the first Azerbaijani Marxists. The name of the district comes from the Caspian Sea, which is when transliterated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Limestone
Limestone is a type of carbonate rock, carbonate sedimentary rock which is the main source of the material Lime (material), lime. It is composed mostly of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different Polymorphism (materials science), crystal forms of calcium carbonate . Limestone forms when these minerals Precipitation (chemistry), precipitate out of water containing dissolved calcium. This can take place through both biological and nonbiological processes, though biological processes, such as the accumulation of corals and shells in the sea, have likely been more important for the last 540 million years. Limestone often contains fossils which provide scientists with information on ancient environments and on the evolution of life. About 20% to 25% of sedimentary rock is carbonate rock, and most of this is limestone. The remaining carbonate rock is mostly Dolomite (rock), dolomite, a closely related rock, which contains a high percentage of the mineral Dolomite (mine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
