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Qareh
Qareh Khawoserre was possibly the third kingDarrell D. Baker: The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I - Predynastic to the Twentieth Dynasty 3300–1069 BC, Stacey International, , 2008, p. 303 of the Canaanite 14th Dynasty of Egypt, who reigned over the eastern Nile Delta from Avaris during the Second Intermediate Period. His reign is believed to have lasted about 10 years, from 1770 BC until 1760 BCK.S.B. Ryholt (1998). The Political Situation in Egypt During the Second Intermediate Period, C1800-1550 BC. Museum Tusculanum Press. . or later, around 1710 BC. Alternatively, Qareh could have been a later vassal of the Hyksos kings of the 15th Dynasty and would then be classified as a king of the 16th Dynasty. Qareh's name is West Semitic and means "''The bald one''". Qareh's name was earlier misread as ''Qar'', ''Qur'', and ''Qal''. Attestations Qareh Khawoserre is attested by thirty royal seals inscribed with his name, only one of which has a known provenance: Jericho in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fourteenth Dynasty Of Egypt
The Fourteenth Dynasty of Egypt was a series of rulers reigning during the Second Intermediate Period over the Nile Delta region of Egypt. It lasted between 75 (ca. 1725–1650 BC) and 155 years (ca. 1805–1650 BC), depending on the scholar. The capital of the dynasty was Xois in central Delta according to the Egyptian historian Manetho. Kim Ryholt and some historians think it was probably Avaris. The 14th Dynasty was another Egyptian dynasty that existed concurrently with the 13th Dynasty based in Thebes. The Egyptian rulers of the 14th dynasty are recorded and attested in the ancient Egyptian Turin List of Kings. On the other hand, another proposed list of contested vassals or rulers during the 14th Dynasty (proposed by Kim Ryholt) are identified as being of Canaanite (Semitic) descent, owing to the foreign origins of the names of some of their rulers and princes, like Ipqu (West Semitic for ''"grace"''), Yakbim ("''ia-ak-bi-im''", an Amorite name), Qareh (West ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Intermediate Period
The Second Intermediate Period dates from 1700 to 1550 BC. It marks a period when ancient Egypt was divided into smaller dynasties for a second time, between the end of the Middle Kingdom and the start of the New Kingdom. The concept of a Second Intermediate Period generally includes the 13th through to the 17th dynasties, however there is no universal agreement in Egyptology about how to define the period. It is best known as the period when the Hyksos people of West Asia established the 15th Dynasty and ruled from Avaris, which, according to Manetho's '' Aegyptiaca'', was founded by a king by the name of Salitis. The settling of these people may have occurred peacefully, although later recounts of Manetho portray the Hyksos "as violent conquerors and oppressors of Egypt". The Turin King List from the time of Ramesses II remains the primary source for understanding the chronology and political history of the Second Intermediate Period, along with studying the typology of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aahotepre
'Ammu Aahotepre was a pharaoh of the 14th Dynasty who ruled over parts of Lower Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period.Hayes 1973: 64Ryholt 1997: 50 Attestations This king is poorly attested, see Ryholt 1997:364-365 File 14:4. Like other kings of the dynasty, scarab seals are the only surviving evidence for his reign. Scarab seals 'Ammu Aahotepre has 61 seals bearing his name: 30 for the nomen 'Ammu and 32 for the prenomen Aahotepre. The theory that 'Ammu and Aahotepre refer to the same ruler is not certain. At Tell el-Ajjul, a scarab bearing the nomen of this king was discovered by Flinders Petrie in 1933. Prenomen Aahotepre Scarab seals from 1x Lachish, 2x Tell el-Ajjul, 1x Canaan (?), 1x Delta (?), 27x Provenance Unknown. Nomen 'Ammu Scarab seals from 2x Tell el-Ajjul, 1x Abydos, 1x Semna, 26x Provenance Unknown. Theories His reign is believed to have lasted about 15 years, from 1760 BC until 1745 BC. Identification Ryholt (1997) identified king 'Ammu with Aah ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ya'ammu Nubwoserre
Nubwoserre Ya'ammu (also rendered as Ya'amu, Jamu and Jaam) was a ruler during the Second Intermediate Period of Egypt. This Asiatic-blooded ruler is traditionally placed in the Sixteenth Dynasty, an hypothesis still in use nowadays by scholars such as Jürgen von Beckerath; although recently Kim Ryholt proposed him as the second ruler of the 14th Dynasty. Identification This ruler seems to have made little use of the cartouche – which was a pharaonic prerogative – since it was used only for the throne name, Nubwoserre, though not always. His personal name never appears inside a cartouche, and is simply reported as " the son of Ra, Ya'ammu". Similar to his suggested predecessor Yakbim Sekhaenre, there is no direct evidence that Ya'ammu's throne name was Nubwoserre: the association is based on stylistic features of the seals and was proposed by William Ayres Ward and later elaborated by Ryholt; Daphna Ben-Tor disputed this identification, pointing out that the seals of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sixteenth Dynasty Of Egypt
The Sixteenth Dynasty of ancient Egypt (notated Dynasty XVI) was a dynasty of pharaohs that ruled the Theban region in Upper Egypt for 70 years. This dynasty, together with the 15th Dynasty, 15th and 17th Dynasty, 17th dynasties, are often combined under the group title, Second Intermediate Period (c. 1650–1550 BC), a period that saw the division of Upper and Lower Egypt between the pharaohs at Thebes, Egypt, Thebes and the Hyksos kings of the 15th Dynasty based at Avaris. Identification Of the two chief versions of Manetho's ''Aegyptiaca'', the Sixteenth Dynasty is described by the more reliable Sextus Julius Africanus, Africanus (supported by George Syncellus, Syncellus) as "shepherd [''hyksos''] kings", but by Eusebius of Caesarea, Eusebius as Thebes, Egypt, Theban. Kim Ryholt, Ryholt (1997), followed by Bourriau (2003), in reconstructing the Turin King List, Turin canon, interpreted a list of Thebes-based kings to constitute Manetho's Sixteenth Dynasty, although this is o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kim Ryholt
Kim Steven Bardrum Ryholt (born 19 June 1970) is a Danish Egyptologist. He is a professor of Egyptology at the University of Copenhagen and a specialist on Egyptian history and literature. He is director of the research centeCanon and Identity Formation in the Earliest Literate Societiesunder the University of Copenhagen Programme of Excellence (since 2008) and director of The Papyrus Carlsberg Collection & Project (since 1999). Research One of his most significant publications is a 1997 book titled ''The Political Situation in Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period c. 1800–1550 B.C.'' Aidan Dodson, a prominent English Egyptologist, calls Ryholt's book "fundamental" for an understanding of the Second Intermediate Period because it reviews the political history of this period and contains an updated—and more accurate—reconstruction of the Turin Canon since the 1959 publication of Alan Gardiner's ''Royal Canon of Egypt.'' It also contains an extensive catalogue of all ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pharaohs Of The Fourteenth Dynasty Of Egypt
Pharaoh (, ; Egyptian language, Egyptian: ''wikt:pr ꜥꜣ, pr ꜥꜣ''; Meroitic language, Meroitic: 𐦲𐦤𐦧, ; Biblical Hebrew: ''Parʿō'') was the title of the monarch of ancient Egypt from the First Dynasty of Egypt, First Dynasty () until the Roman Egypt, annexation of Egypt by the Roman Republic in 30 BCE. However, the equivalent Egyptian language, Egyptian word for "king" was the term used most frequently by the ancient Egyptians for their monarchs, regardless of gender, through the middle of the Eighteenth Dynasty during the New Kingdom of Egypt, New Kingdom. The earliest confirmed instances of "pharaoh" used contemporaneously for a ruler were a letter to Akhenaten (reigned –1336 BCE) or an inscription possibly referring to Thutmose III (–1425 BCE). In the early dynasties, ancient Egyptian kings had as many as ancient Egyptian royal titulary, three titles: the Horus name, Horus, the prenomen (Ancient Egypt), Sedge and Bee (wikt:nswt-bjtj, ''nswt-bjtj''), and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
18th-century BC Pharaohs
The 18th century lasted from 1 January 1701 (represented by the Roman numerals MDCCI) to 31 December 1800 (MDCCC). During the 18th century, elements of Enlightenment thinking culminated in the Atlantic Revolutions. Revolutions began to challenge the legitimacy of monarchical and aristocratic power structures. The Industrial Revolution began mid-century, leading to radical changes in human society and the environment. The European colonization of the Americas and other parts of the world intensified and associated mass migrations of people grew in size as part of the Age of Sail. During the century, slave trading expanded across the shores of the Atlantic Ocean, while declining in Russia and China. Western historians have occasionally defined the 18th century otherwise for the purposes of their work. For example, the "short" 18th century may be defined as 1715–1789, denoting the period of time between the death of Louis XIV of France and the start of the French Revolut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pharaoh
Pharaoh (, ; Egyptian language, Egyptian: ''wikt:pr ꜥꜣ, pr ꜥꜣ''; Meroitic language, Meroitic: 𐦲𐦤𐦧, ; Biblical Hebrew: ''Parʿō'') was the title of the monarch of ancient Egypt from the First Dynasty of Egypt, First Dynasty () until the Roman Egypt, annexation of Egypt by the Roman Republic in 30 BCE. However, the equivalent Egyptian language, Egyptian word for "king" was the term used most frequently by the ancient Egyptians for their monarchs, regardless of gender, through the middle of the Eighteenth Dynasty during the New Kingdom of Egypt, New Kingdom. The earliest confirmed instances of "pharaoh" used contemporaneously for a ruler were a letter to Akhenaten (reigned –1336 BCE) or an inscription possibly referring to Thutmose III (–1425 BCE). In the early dynasties, ancient Egyptian kings had as many as ancient Egyptian royal titulary, three titles: the Horus name, Horus, the prenomen (Ancient Egypt), Sedge and Bee (wikt:nswt-bjtj, ''nswt-bjtj''), and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bulletin Of The American Schools Of Oriental Research
The ''Bulletin of the American Society of Overseas Research (BASOR)'', formerly the ''Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research'', is one of three academic journals published by the American Society of Overseas Research. It began as the ''Bulletin of the American School of Oriental Research in Jerusalem'', in 1919. The Bulletin took on its current name in 2020. References External links * *JSTOR Early Journal Content, at the Internet Archive: Partial archive, 1919 - 1921Partial archive, 1922 - 1923 Religious studies journals Ancient Near East journals Academic journals established in 1919 Biannual journals {{asia-journal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Peter Allen
James Peter Allen (born April 22, 1945) is an American Egyptologist, specializing in language and religion. He was curator of Egyptian Art at the Metropolitan Museum of Art from 1990 to 2006. In 2007, he became the Charles Edwin Wilbour Professor of Egyptology at Brown University. In 2008, he was elected president of the International Association of Egyptologists. He received his PhD from the University of Chicago of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations. Early life and education The oldest of three siblings, Allen was born according to his wife Susan, "into the U.S. Army" ... as his father proposed to his mother on an Army requisition form when his father was stationed in Burma. Both parents were in the U.S. Army and Allen was two weeks old when World War 2 ended in Europe. The family moved to Frankfurt, Germany where Allen learned to speak fluent German. In 1953, the family moved to San Antonio, Texas. When the family moved to Baltimore, Allen "bought a copy of Mercer’s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jürgen Von Beckerath
Jürgen von Beckerath (19 February 1920 – 26 June 2016) was a German Egyptology, Egyptologist. He was a prolific writer who published countless articles in journals such as '':fr:Orientalia, Orientalia'', ''Göttinger Miszellen'' (GM), ''Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt'' (JARCE), '':de:Archiv für Orientforschung, Archiv für Orientforschung'' (AfO), and ''Studien zur Altägyptischen Kultur'' (SAK) among others. Together with Kenneth Kitchen, he is viewed as one of the foremost scholars on the New Kingdom of Egypt, New Kingdom and the Third Intermediate Period of Egypt. His many popular German-language publications include ''Handbuch der Ägyptischen Königsnamen'', 2nd edition (Mainz, 1999) and ''Chronologie des Pharaonischen Ägypten'' or "Chronology of the Egyptian Pharaohs," MÄS 46 (Philip von Zabern, Mainz: 1997), which is regarded by academics as one of the best and most comprehensive books on the chronology of Ancient Egypt and its various Pharaohs. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
