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Pyrrolidonyl-β-naphthylamide
Pyrrolidonyl-β-naphthylamide (PYR) is a molecule used in microbiology to detect the presence of pyrrolidonyl peptidase. In the presence of bacteria with pyrrolidonyl peptidase, it is broken down to pyroglutamic acid and 2-naphthylamine 2-Naphthylamine or 2-aminonaphthalene is one of two isomeric aminonaphthalenes, compounds with the formula C10H7NH2. It is a colorless solid, but samples take on a reddish color in air because of oxidation. It was formerly used to make azo dyes, b .... To detect this process, ''p''-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde is added and a change to a pink color can then be detected. References Carboxamides Pyrrolidones Naphthylamines {{heterocyclic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microbiology
Microbiology () is the branches of science, scientific study of microorganisms, those being of unicellular organism, unicellular (single-celled), multicellular organism, multicellular (consisting of complex cells), or non-cellular life, acellular (lacking cells). Microbiology encompasses numerous sub-disciplines including virology, bacteriology, protistology, mycology, immunology, and parasitology. The organisms that constitute the microbial world are characterized as either prokaryotes or eukaryotes; eukaryote, Eukaryotic microorganisms possess membrane-bound organelles and include fungi and protists, whereas prokaryote, prokaryotic organisms are conventionally classified as lacking membrane-bound organelles and include Bacteria and Archaea. Microbiologists traditionally relied on culture, staining, and microscopy for the isolation and identification of microorganisms. However, less than 1% of the microorganisms present in common environments can be cultured in isolation using c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pyrrolidonyl Peptidase
Pyroglutamyl-peptidase I (, also known as Pyrrolidonyl peptidase, is an enzyme (a cysteine peptidase) found in bacteria, plants and animals. It can be used to distinguish certain Streptococcal organisms. Other names are ''5-oxoprolyl-peptidase'', ''pyrase'', ''pyrrolidonyl arylamidase'', ''pyroglutamate aminopeptidase'', ''pyroglutamyl aminopeptidase'', ''L-pyroglutamyl peptide hydrolase'', ''pyrrolidone-carboxyl peptidase'', ''pyrrolidone-carboxylate peptidase'', '' pyrrolidonyl peptidase'', ''L-pyrrolidonecarboxylate peptidase'', ''pyroglutamidase'', ''pyrrolidonecarboxylyl peptidase'') is an enzyme. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction : Release of an N-terminal pyroglutamyl group from a polypeptide, the second amino acid generally not being Pro Human gene PGPEP1 See also * Pyrrolidonyl-beta-naphthylamide * P-Dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde * Pyroglutamic acid * 2-Naphthylamine 2-Naphthylamine or 2-aminonaphthalene is one of two isomeric aminonaphthalenes, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pyroglutamic Acid
Pyroglutamic acid (also known as PCA, 5-oxoproline, pidolic acid) is a ubiquitous but understudied natural amino acid derivative in which the free amino group of glutamic acid or glutamine cyclizes to form a lactam. The names of pyroglutamic acid conjugate base, anion, salts, and esters are pyroglutamate, 5-oxoprolinate, or pidolate. It is a metabolite in the glutathione cycle that is converted to glutamate by 5-oxoprolinase. Pyroglutamate is found in many proteins including bacteriorhodopsin. ''N''-terminal glutamic acid and glutamine residues can spontaneously cyclize to become pyroglutamate, or enzymatically converted by glutaminyl cyclases. This is one of several forms of blocked ''N''-termini which present a problem for ''N''-terminal sequencing using Edman chemistry, which requires a free primary amino group not present in pyroglutamic acid. The enzyme pyroglutamate aminopeptidase can restore a free ''N''-terminus by cleaving off the pyroglutamate residue. Pyroglutami ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2-naphthylamine
2-Naphthylamine or 2-aminonaphthalene is one of two isomeric aminonaphthalenes, compounds with the formula C10H7NH2. It is a colorless solid, but samples take on a reddish color in air because of oxidation. It was formerly used to make azo dyes, but it is a known carcinogen and has largely been replaced by less toxic compounds.Gerald Booth "Naphthalene Derivatives" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2005, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. . Preparation 2-Naphthylamine is prepared by heating 2-naphthol with ammonium zinc chloride to 200-210 °C, the Bucherer reaction. Its acetyl derivative can be obtained by heating 2-naphthol with ammonium acetate to 270-280 °C. Reactions It gives no color with iron(III) chloride. When reduced by sodium in boiling amyl alcohol solution, it forms tetrahydro-3-naphthylamine, which exhibits the properties of the aliphatic amines in that it is strongly alkaline in reaction, has an ammoniacal odor and cannot be diazotized. On oxidation, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
P-Dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde
''p''-Dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde (DMACA) is an aromatic hydrocarbon. It is used in an acidic solution to detect indoles. Use as a testing reagent The DMACA is any of a number of acidified DMACA solutions: * 0.117 g of DMACA, 39 mL of ethanol, 5 mL of conc hydrochloric acid and diluted to 50mL with water * 1 g DMACA, 1 mL conc. hydrochloric acid and 99 mL water * 1 g DMACA in 99 mL conc. hydrochloric acid. It is primarily used as a histological dye used to detect indoles, particularly for production in cells. It is used for the rapid identification of bacteria containing tryptophanase enzyme systems. It is also particularly useful for localization of proanthocyanidins compounds in plants, resulting in a blue staining. It has been used for grapevine fruit or for legumes foliage histology. A colorimetric assay based upon the reaction of A-rings with the chromogen. ''p''-Dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde has been developed for flavanoids in beer that can be compared with the vanillin pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
