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Pycnoclavellidae
Clavelinidae is a family of tunicates in the order Aplousobranchia. Genera , WoRMS recognizes the following genera in the family Clavelinidae: * ''Clavelina'' * ''Euclavella'' * ''Nephtheis'' * ''Pycnoclavella'' Phylogeny ''Pycnoclavella'' has occasionally been placed in a separate family, Pycnoclavellidae, although Phylogeny, phylogenetic studies have recovered it as a relative of ''Clavelina''. In multiple analyses, the monotypic genus ''Nephtheis'' appears to branch from within ''Clavelina''. References Clavelinidae, Tunicate families Taxa named by Sylvanus Charles Thorp Hanley {{tunicata-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pycnoclavella
''Pycnoclavella '' is a genus of sea squirts first circumscribed by Walter Garstang in 1891. The generic name comes from the Ancient Greek (''puknós'') meaning "closely united". In 1990, Patricia Kott placed ''Pycnoclavella'' in its own family, Pycnoclavellidae, but in 2008 it was moved back to Clavelinidae. , WoRMS The World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) is a taxonomic database that aims to provide an authoritative and comprehensive catalogue and list of names of marine organisms. Content The content of the registry is edited and maintained by scien ... recognizes the following species: * '' Pycnoclavella arenosa'' * '' Pycnoclavella atlantica'' * '' Pycnoclavella aurantia'' * '' Pycnoclavella aurilucens'' * '' Pycnoclavella belizeana'' * '' Pycnoclavella brava'' * '' Pycnoclavella communis'' * '' Pycnoclavella detorta'' * '' Pycnoclavella diminuta'' * '' Pycnoclavella elongata'' * '' Pycnoclavella filamentosa'' * '' Pycnoclavella flava'' * '' Pycnocla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aplousobranchia
Aplousobranchia is an order of sea squirts in the class Ascidiacea, first described by Fernando Lahille in 1886. They are colonial animals, and are distinguished from other sea squirts by the presence of relatively simple pharyngeal baskets. This provides the etymology of their name: in Ancient Greek, () means "simple". The posterior part of the abdomen contains the heart and gonads, and is typically larger than in other sea squirts. Taxonomy Order Aplousobranchia * Family Clavelinidae Forbes & Hanley 1848 ycnoclavellidae Kott 1990**'' Clavelina'' Savigny 1816 [''Bradiclavella'' Zirpolo 1925; ''Chondrostachys'' Macdonald 1858; ''Dendroclavella'' Oka 1927; ''Podoclavella'' Herdman 1890; ''Rhodozona'' Van Name 1902; ''Stereoclavella'' Herdman 1890; ''Synclavella'' Caullery 1900] **''Euclavella'' Kott 1990 **''Nephtheis'' Gould 1856 [''Oxycorynia'' Drasche 1882] **''Pycnoclavella'' Garstang 1891 [''Archiascidia'' Julin 1904] * Family Diazonidae Garstang 1891 **'' Diazona'' Savig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward Forbes
Edward Forbes FRS, FGS (12 February 1815 – 18 November 1854) was a Manx naturalist. In 1846, he proposed that the distributions of montane plants and animals had been compressed downslope, and some oceanic islands connected to the mainland, during the recent ice age. This mechanism, which was the first natural explanation to explain the distributions of the same species on now-isolated islands and mountain tops, was discovered independently by Charles Darwin, who credited Forbes with the idea. He also incorrectly deduced the so-called azoic hypothesis, that life under the sea would decline to the point that no life forms could exist below a certain depth. Early years Forbes was born at Douglas in the Isle of Man. His father was a well-to-do banker. As a child, Forbes was very interested in collecting insects, shells, minerals, fossils, and plants. Due to poor health, he was unable to attend school from his 5th through his 11th years. In 1828, he started attending the Ath ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nephtheis
''Nephtheis fascicularis'', commonly called the lollipop tunicate, lollipop coral, or blue palm coral, is a species of tunicate that is native to the shallow reefs of Indonesia. It is the only species in its genus ''Nephtheis''. They are not photosynthetic, and live on plankton and small organic particles obtained from the water currents. The branched stems are formed by tiny polyps called zooids. Despite their name and appearance, they and other sea squirts Ascidiacea, commonly known as the ascidians or sea squirts, is a paraphyletic class in the subphylum Tunicata of sac-like marine invertebrate filter feeders. Ascidians are characterized by a tough outer test or "tunic" made of the polysaccharid ... are unrelated to true corals. References Clavelinidae Taxa described in 1856 Monotypic tunicate genera {{tunicata-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phylogeny
A phylogenetic tree or phylogeny is a graphical representation which shows the evolutionary history between a set of species or Taxon, taxa during a specific time.Felsenstein J. (2004). ''Inferring Phylogenies'' Sinauer Associates: Sunderland, MA. In other words, it is a branching diagram or a tree (graph theory), tree showing the evolutionary relationships among various biological species or other entities based upon similarities and differences in their physical or genetic characteristics. In evolutionary biology, all life on Earth is theoretically part of a single phylogenetic tree, indicating common ancestry. Phylogenetics is the study of phylogenetic trees. The main challenge is to find a phylogenetic tree representing optimal evolutionary ancestry between a set of species or taxa. computational phylogenetics, Computational phylogenetics (also phylogeny inference) focuses on the algorithms involved in finding optimal phylogenetic tree in the phylogenetic landscape. Phylogene ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walter Garstang
Walter Garstang Fellow of the Linnean Society, FLS Fellow of the Zoological Society of London, FZS (9 February 1868 – 23 February 1949), a Fellow of Lincoln College, Oxford and Professor of Zoology at the University of Leeds, was one of the first to study the functional biology of marine invertebrate larvae. His best known works on marine larvae were his poems published as ''Larval Forms and Other Zoological Verses'', especially ''The Ballad of the Veliger''. They describe the form and function of several marine larvae as well as illustrating some controversies in evolutionary biology of the time. Garstang was known for his vehement opposition to Ernst Haeckel, Ernst Haeckel's Biogenetic Law, now discredited. He is also noted for his hypothesis on chordate evolution, known as Garstang's theory, which suggests an alternative route for chordate evolution from echinoderms. The last-cited reference gives special attention to how the ideas of Garstang's predecessors profoundly inf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Augustus Addison Gould
Augustus Addison Gould (April 23, 1805 – September 15, 1866) was an American naturalist and the foremost conchologist of his era. He described over 1,100 new species of mollusks, including all known mollusks of Massachusetts and the shells collected by two major government exploring expeditions. He was one of the first naturalists in America to recognize the importance of geographic distribution in the description of species. Biography Born in New Ipswich, New Hampshire, he was the son of music teacher Nathaniel Duren Gould (1781–1864) who was also noted for his penmanship. Physician He graduated from Harvard College in 1825, and took his degree of doctor of medicine in 1830. "Establishing himself in Boston, he devoted himself to the practice of medicine, and finally rose to high professional rank and social position. He became president of the Massachusetts Medical Society, and was employed in editing the vital statistics (government records), vital statistics of the state ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sylvanus Charles Thorp Hanley
Sylvanus Charles Thorp Hanley (1819–1899) was a British conchologist and malacologist who published the first book on shells using the then new technique of photography. He authored ''Conchologia indica'' with William Theobald which was a treatise on the shells of British India. The plates were drawn and lithographed by ''George Brettingham Sowerby the younger'', who was well known for writing and illustrating excellent works of natural history, especially conchological works. Sowerby became the best illustrator of conchological works of his time, illustrating such classics as Reeve's monumental twenty-volume ''Conchologia Iconica''. Sylvanus Hanley inherited a fortune, which enabled him to devote a lifetime to conchology. He was especially interested in the bivalves, on which he was a leading authority. He published over 40 books and scientific papers, and described over 200 new species. Hanley collected molluscs extensively; most of his collections are today held at Leeds Cit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
WoRMS
The World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) is a taxonomic database that aims to provide an authoritative and comprehensive catalogue and list of names of marine organisms. Content The content of the registry is edited and maintained by scientific specialists on each group of organism. These taxonomists control the quality of the information, which is gathered from the primary scientific literature as well as from some external regional and taxon-specific databases. WoRMS maintains valid names of all marine organisms, but also provides information on synonyms and invalid names. It is an ongoing task to maintain the registry, since new species are constantly being discovered and described by scientists; in addition, the nomenclature and taxonomy of existing species is often corrected or changed as new research is constantly being published. Subsets of WoRMS content are made available, and can have separate badging and their own home/launch pages, as "subregisters", such as the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
