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Purwoto Gandasubrata
Purwoto Gandasubrata was the eighth Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Indonesia. Alongside the Ministry of Justice officials in the Sixth Development Cabinet, Gandasubrata was a part of a general return of civilian officials to the judiciary of Indonesia in the early 1990s after a period of former military officials dominating the branch from the late 1970s. Gandasubrata had initially served as the chief of the district court of Semarang, as well as the chairman of the regional branch of the Indonesian Judges Association. Gandasubrata was the first Chief Justice appointed from the professional judiciary since Umar Seno Aji. During his two years in the position, much of his efforts were spent on attempts to increase the autonomy, power, and status of the judicial branch of government.Sebastian PompeThe Indonesian Supreme Court: A Study of Institutional Collapse pg. 149. Ithaca: Cornell Southeast Asia Program The Southeast Asia Program (SEAP) was founded in 1950 to promote th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chief Justice Of The Supreme Court Of Indonesia
The chief justice of the Supreme Court of Indonesia () is the head of the Supreme Court of Indonesia. Election process The chief justice and his or her deputy is elected by the Supreme Court justices from among the members of the court. Sometimes the process is controversial and attracts public criticism. For example, in early 2012 rumours about vote buying were reported in the Jakarta press as speculation mounted about the arrangements underway for the selection of new chief justice to replace Harifin Tumpa, who retired as chief justice in March 2012. It was said to be "all-out competition" for the post of chief justice because of the influence that the position holds and it was rumoured that the competition might include payments. List of chief justices : See also * Chief Justice of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia References {{reflist Chief justices of the Supreme Court of Indonesia, Supreme Court of Indonesia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leiden
Leiden ( ; ; in English language, English and Archaism, archaic Dutch language, Dutch also Leyden) is a List of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and List of municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the Provinces of the Netherlands, province of South Holland, Netherlands. The municipality of Leiden has a population of 127,046 (31 January 2023), but the city forms one densely connected agglomeration with its suburbs Oegstgeest, Leiderdorp, Voorschoten and Zoeterwoude with 215,602 inhabitants. The Statistics Netherlands, Netherlands Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) further includes Katwijk in the agglomeration which makes the total population of the Leiden urban agglomeration 282,207 and in the larger Leiden urban area also Teylingen, Noordwijk, and Noordwijkerhout are included with in total 365,913 inhabitants. Leiden is located on the Oude Rijn (Utrecht and South Holland), Oude Rijn, at a distance of some from The Hague to its south and some from Amsterdam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chief Justices Of The Supreme Court Of Indonesia
Chief may refer to: Title or rank Military and law enforcement * Chief master sergeant, the ninth, and highest, enlisted rank in the U.S. Air Force and U.S. Space Force * Chief of police, the head of a police department * Chief of the boat, the senior enlisted sailor on a U.S. Navy submarine * Chief petty officer, a non-commissioned officer or equivalent in many navies * Chief warrant officer, a military rank Other titles * Chief ''x'' officer, a corporate title in the c-suite * Chief of the Name, head of a family or clan in Ireland and Scotland * Chief engineer, the most senior licensed mariner of an engine department on a ship, typically a merchant ship * Chief mate, or Chief officer, the highest senior officer in the deck department on a merchant vessel * Chief of staff, the leader of a complex organization * Fire chief, top rank in a fire department * Scottish clan chief, the head of a Scottish clan * Tribal chief, a leader of a tribal form of government * Chief, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cornell Southeast Asia Program
The Southeast Asia Program (SEAP) was founded in 1950 to promote the acquisition and dissemination of knowledge about countries, cultures and languages of the region. It is an interdisciplinary program of Cornell University that focuses on the development of graduate training and research opportunities on the languages and cultures of Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. Cornell University is known for being the "Mecca of Southeast Asian studies." Overview Since 1958, the Department of Education has continuously recognized SEAP as a Title VI National Resource Center. As such, it trains experts on the region and strives to meet strategic national needs in government, business, science and professional fields, as well as provides K-16 Outreach. SEAP offers instruction at four levels of study in Burmese, Indonesian, Khmer, Tagalog, Thai, and Vietnamese. As an interdisciplinary program, SEAP coordinates resour ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ithaca, New York
Ithaca () is a city in and the county seat of Tompkins County, New York, United States. Situated on the southern shore of Cayuga Lake in the Finger Lakes region of New York (state), New York, Ithaca is the largest community in the Ithaca metropolitan statistical area. It is named after the Greek island of Ithaca (island), Ithaca. As of 2020, the city's population was 32,108. A college town, Ithaca is home to Cornell University, an Ivy League university, and Ithaca College. Nearby is Tompkins Cortland Community College (TC3), located in Dryden, New York, Dryden. History 17th century Native Americans lived in this area for thousands of years. When reached by Europeans, this area was controlled by the Cayuga people, Cayuga tribe of Indians, one of the five tribes comprising the Iroquois, Iroquois Confederacy. Society of Jesus, Jesuit missionaries from New France in present-day Quebec had a mission to convert the Cayuga as early as 1657. 18th century Saponi and Tutelo peoples ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Umar Seno Aji
Umar Seno Aji (5 December 1915 – 9 November 1984) was the fifth Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Indonesia as well as the fourteenth Indonesian Minister of Law and Human Rights. Aji's appointment as minister of law in 1966 was initially viewed as a victory by supporters of the rule of law; this later led to disappointment when, after his appointment, he became an opponent of judicial review. While his predecessor as chief justice Subekti had been a champion of judicial independence, Aji aided in the subordination of the supreme court to the executive branch and his successor as minister of law, Mochtar Kusumaatmadja. His exertion of pressure on courts to avoid giving citizens too many rights in tort cases were one factor that led to the establishment of formal administrative courts in the country, though his politics of patronage are still credited with whittling away the judiciary's independence by the 1970s. In terms of jurisprudence, Aji often looked to the judic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesian Judges Association
The Indonesian Judges Association, known locally as ''Ikatan Hakim Indonesia'' or IKAHI is an association of judicial officials in Indonesia. IKAHI's members include first-level trial judges and senior justices, as opposed to the Indonesian Judges' Forum (FDHI) which includes appeals court judges. IKAHI executive Suhadi has described the association's focus as protection of judges from threats and harassment, though judicial transparency activists have disputed this. History IKAHI was established in 1953 in order to defend the interests of Indonesian judges on topics such as salary and judicial independence from the executive branch. The association's founding is credited to Suryadi, the third Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Indonesia, as he was the first person to begin organizing district judges in 1952.Sebastian PompeThe Indonesian Supreme Court: A Study of Institutional Collapse pg. 47. Ithaca: Cornell Southeast Asia Program, 2005. Suryadi was also the first chairman of I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Semarang
Semarang (Javanese script, Javanese: , ''Kutha Semarang'') is the capital and largest city of Central Java province in Indonesia. It was a major port during the Netherlands, Dutch Dutch East Indies, colonial era, and is still an important regional center and port today. The city has been named as the cleanest tourist destination in Southeast Asia by the ASEAN Clean Tourist City Standard (ACTCS) for 2020–2022. It has an area of and had a population of 1,555,984 at the 2010 censusBiro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. and 1,653,524 at the 2020 census,Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. making it Indonesia's ninth most populous city after Jakarta, Surabaya, Bekasi, Bandung, Medan, Depok, Tangerang and Palembang; the official population estimate as at mid-2023 was 1,694,740, comprising 838,440 males and 856,310 females.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024, ''Kota Semarang Dalam Angka 2024'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3374) The built-up urban area had 3,183,516 inhabitants a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
Brill Academic Publishers () is a Dutch international academic publisher of books, academic journals, and databases founded in 1683, making it one of the oldest publishing houses in the Netherlands. Founded in the South Holland city of Leiden, it maintains its headquarters there, while also operating offices in Boston, Paderborn, Vienna, Singapore, and Beijing. Since 1896, Brill has been a public limited company (). Brill is especially known for its work in subject areas such as Oriental studies, classics, religious studies, Jewish studies, Islamic studies, Asian studies, international law, and human rights. The publisher offers traditional print books, academic journals, primary source materials online, and publications on microform. In recent decades, Brill has expanded to digital publishing with ebooks and online resources including databases and specialty collections varying by discipline. History Founding by Luchtmans, 1683–1848 On 17 May 1683, the Leiden booksel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Judiciary Of Indonesia
The Judiciary of Indonesia, according to Chapter IX of the 1945 State Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, consists of the Supreme Court of Indonesia (''Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia,'' abbreviated into MA), the Constitutional Court of Indonesia (''Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia'', abbreviated into MK), and the lesser court system under the Supreme Court. These lesser courts are categorically subdivided into the Public Courts (''Peradilan Umum''), the Religious Courts (''Peradilan Agama''), the State Administrative Courts (''Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara''), and the Military Courts (''Peradilan Militer''). There's also the Judicial Commission of Indonesia (Indonesian: ) that monitor the performance of judges, advise the House of Representatives on judicial appointments and review community complaints about the behavior and fairness of presiding judges. Law Indonesian law is based on Dutch colonial laws, Islamic family laws, and aspects of ''Adat'' la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suharto
Suharto (8 June 1921 – 27 January 2008) was an Indonesian Officer (armed forces), military officer and politician, and dictator, who was the second and longest serving president of Indonesia, serving from 1967 to 1998. His 32 years rule, characterised as authoritarian and kleptocratic, was marked by widespread corruption, political repression, and human rights abuses. Suharto's regime Fall of Suharto, ultimately collapsed in 1998 amid May 1998 riots of Indonesia, mass protests, violent unrest, and the fallout of the 1997 Asian financial crisis, leading to his resignation. Suharto was born in Kemusuk, near the city of Yogyakarta, during the Dutch East Indies, Dutch colonial era. He grew up in humble circumstances. His Javanese people, Javanese Muslim parents divorced not long after his birth, and he lived with foster parents for much of his childhood. During the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies, Japanese occupation, Suharto served in the Japanese-organized Indones ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sixth Development Cabinet
The Sixth Development Cabinet () was the Indonesian cabinet which served under President Suharto and Vice President Try Sutrisno from March 1993 until March 1998. The Cabinet was formed after Suharto was elected to a 6th term as President by the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR). The five cabinet aims Whilst announcing the cabinet, Suharto also announced its aims. *Continuing, intensifying, deepening, and expanding national development as an application of Pancasila with the Development Trilogy as its foundation and having national knowledge to strengthen national resilience and determination for self-reliance. *Intensifying national discipline with a state apparatus as its pioneers and aiming towards a clean and legitimate government in giving service to the People of Indonesia. *Institutionalizing a national leadership mechanism based on the 1945 Constitution, Pancasila, Pancasila democracy, and the Pancasila Indoctrination and Application Guidelines (P4) in daily life as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
