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Purpose Trusts In English Law
In English law, a purpose trust is a trust created for the fulfillment of a purpose, not for the benefit of a person. These are normally considered invalid by the courts because they have no legally recognized beneficiaries, therefore nobody to enforce the trust, with the exception of charitable trusts, which are enforceable by the Attorney General as they represent the public interest. As well as charitable trusts, there are several exceptions to the rule against purpose trusts. If the requirement to fulfill a purpose is a request, rather than an obligation, the trust is valid; a trust will also be found valid if, while being for a purpose, it involves beneficiaries in some respect. Purpose trusts can also be valid if they are for the erection or maintenance of tombs and memorials (assuming such memorials are not overly grandiose), the maintenance of animals, and arguably the saying of masses, although these must all obey the rule against perpetuities and not continue for more tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
English Trusts Law
English trust law concerns the protection of assets, usually when they are held by one party for another's benefit. Trust law, Trusts were a creation of the English law of English property law, property and English contract law, obligations, and share a subsequent history with countries across the Commonwealth of Nations, Commonwealth and the United States. Trusts developed when claimants in property disputes were dissatisfied with the common law courts and petitioned the King for a just and equitable result. On the King's behalf, the Lord Chancellor developed a parallel justice system in the Court of Chancery, commonly referred as Equity (law), equity. Historically, trusts have mostly been used where people have left money in a Will (law), will, or created family settlements, Charities in English law, charities, or some types of business venture. After the Judicature Act 1873, England's courts of equity and common law were merged, and equitable principles took precedence. Today ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Re Denley
''Re Denley’s Trust Deed'' 9691 Ch 373 is an English trusts law case, concerning the policy of the "beneficiary principle". It held that so long as the people benefitting from a trust can at least be said to have a direct and tangible interest, so as to have the ''locus standi'' to enforce a trust, it would be valid. Facts In 1936 the settlor company, H.H. Martyn & Co. Ltd, from Sunningend Works, Cheltenham, transferred land to trustees to, under clause 2(c), "be maintained and used as and for the purpose of a recreation or sports ground primarily for the benefit of the employees of the company and secondarily for the benefit of such other person or persons (if any) as the trustees may allow to use the same". Clause 2(j) added that the employees would cease entitlement if the number dropped below 75% of them "or if the said land shall at any time cease to be required or to be used by the said employees as a sports ground or if the company shall go into liquidation then the trus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Re Hetherington
Re or RE may refer to: Arts, media and entertainment * '' ...Re'', a 2016 Indian Kannada-language film * ''Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft'', a German encyclopedia of classical scholarship * ''Resident Evil'', a horror game franchise Music * Re, the second syllable of the scale in solfège ** D (musical note) or Re, the second note of the musical scale in ''fixed do'' solfège * Re: (band), a musical duo based in Canada and the US Albums * ''Re'' (Café Tacuba album) * ''Re'' (Les Rita Mitsouko album) * '' Re.'', by Aya Ueto * ''Re:'' (EP), by Kard Language * ''re'' (interjection), in Greek * Re (kana) (れ and レ), Japanese syllables * ''In re'', Latin for 'in the matter of...' ** RE: and Re:, a standard email subject line prefix Organisations * Renew Europe, a political group in the European Parliament * Renovación Española, a former Spanish monarchist political party * Royal Engineers, a part of the British Army * Royal Society of Painter-Pri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brown V Burdett
''Brown v Burdett'' (1882) 21 Ch D 667 is an English trusts law case, concerning the ability to create a trust for a purpose that does not benefit any actual person. Facts An old lady, Anna Maria Burdett who lived in Gilmorton, Leicestershire demanded in her will that her house be boarded up with "good long nails to be bent down on the inside", but for some reason with her clock remaining inside, for twenty years. She directed her trustees to visit the house every three months to see that the trusts were effectually carried out, and if any trustee neglected this they should lose their entitlements under the will. Judgment Bacon VC cancelled the trust altogether, and held that the twenty-year term was invalid for the house, yard, garden, and outbuildings. He said very briefly, See also *English trust law English trust law concerns the protection of assets, usually when they are held by one party for another's benefit. Trust law, Trusts were a creation of the English law ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Musset V Bingle
Alfred Louis Charles de Musset-Pathay (; 11 December 1810 – 2 May 1857) was a French dramatist, poet, and novelist.His names are often reversed "Louis Charles Alfred de Musset": see "(Louis Charles) Alfred de Musset" (bio), Biography.com, 2007, webpageBio9413."Chessville – Alfred de Musset: Romantic Player", Robert T. Tuohey, Chessville.com, 2006, webpage: . Along with his poetry, he is known for writing the autobiographical novel ''La Confession d'un enfant du siècle'' (''The Confession of a Child of the Century''). Biography Musset was born in Paris. His family was upper-class but poor; his father worked in various key government positions, but never gave his son any money. Musset's mother came from similar circumstances, and her role as a society hostess – for example her drawing-room parties, luncheons and dinners held in the Musset residence – left a lasting impression on young Alfred. An early indication of his boyhood talents was his fondness for acting imprompt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unincorporated Associations In English Law
Unincorporated association refers to a group of people in common law jurisdictions—such as the United Kingdom, Canada, and New Zealand—who organize around a shared purpose without forming a corporation or similar legal entity. Unlike in some Civil law (legal system), civil law systems, where associations gain legal personality upon registration, these groups lack such status and arise from contract rather than formal incorporation. They are distinct from Partnership, partnerships because their members do not unite for profit. Easy to form with minimal formalities, unincorporated associations offer flexibility but no separate legal identity. These associations require a contractual relationship—without it, a casual group like friends meeting regularly doesn’t qualify, no matter how often they gather. Under common law contract rules, they can even form unintentionally, as members may not realize their agreement creates an association. Often viewed as informal institutions, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Re Tyler
Re or RE may refer to: Arts, media and entertainment * '' ...Re'', a 2016 Indian Kannada-language film * ''Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft'', a German encyclopedia of classical scholarship * ''Resident Evil'', a horror game franchise Music * Re, the second syllable of the scale in solfège ** D (musical note) or Re, the second note of the musical scale in ''fixed do'' solfège * Re: (band), a musical duo based in Canada and the US Albums * ''Re'' (Café Tacuba album) * ''Re'' (Les Rita Mitsouko album) * '' Re.'', by Aya Ueto * ''Re:'' (EP), by Kard Language * ''re'' (interjection), in Greek * Re (kana) (れ and レ), Japanese syllables * ''In re'', Latin for 'in the matter of...' ** RE: and Re:, a standard email subject line prefix Organisations * Renew Europe, a political group in the European Parliament * Renovación Española, a former Spanish monarchist political party * Royal Engineers, a part of the British Army * Royal Society of Painter-Pri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Three Certainties
The three certainties compose a rule within English trusts law on the creation of express trusts that, to be valid, the trust instrument must show certainty of intention, subject matter and object. "Certainty of intention" means that it must be clear that the donor or testator wishes to create a trust; this is not dependent on any particular language used, and a trust can be created without the word "trust" being used, or even the donor knowing he is creating a trust. Since the 1950s, the courts have been more willing to conclude that there was intention to create a trust, rather than hold that the trust is void. "Certainty of subject matter" means that it must be clear what property is part of the trust. Historically the property must have been segregated from non-trust property; more recently, the courts have drawn a line between tangible and intangible assets, holding that with intangible assets there is not always a need for segregation. "Certainty of objects" means that it mu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
R V District Auditor, Ex Parte West Yorkshire Metropolitan County Council
R, or r, is the eighteenth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''ar'' (pronounced ), plural ''ars''. The letter is the eighth most common letter in English and the fourth-most common consonant, after , , and . Name The name of the letter in Latin was (), following the pattern of other letters representing continuants, such as , , , , and . This name is preserved in French and many other languages. In Middle English, the name of the letter changed from to , following a pattern exhibited in many other words such as ''farm'' (compare French ) and ''star'' (compare German ). In Hiberno-English, the letter is called or , somewhat similar to ''oar'', ''ore'', ''orr''. The letter R is sometimes referred to as the 'canine letter', often rendered in English as the dog's letter. This Latin term referred to the Latin that was trilled to sound l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Re Astor
Re or RE may refer to: Arts, media and entertainment * '' ...Re'', a 2016 Indian Kannada-language film * ''Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft'', a German encyclopedia of classical scholarship * ''Resident Evil'', a horror game franchise Music * Re, the second syllable of the scale in solfège ** D (musical note) or Re, the second note of the musical scale in ''fixed do'' solfège * Re: (band), a musical duo based in Canada and the US Albums * ''Re'' (Café Tacuba album) * ''Re'' (Les Rita Mitsouko album) * '' Re.'', by Aya Ueto * ''Re:'' (EP), by Kard Language * ''re'' (interjection), in Greek * Re (kana) (れ and レ), Japanese syllables * ''In re'', Latin for 'in the matter of...' ** RE: and Re:, a standard email subject line prefix Organisations * Renew Europe, a political group in the European Parliament * Renovación Española, a former Spanish monarchist political party * Royal Engineers, a part of the British Army * Royal Society of Painter-Pri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rule Against Perpetuities
The rule against perpetuities is a legal rule in common law that prevents people from using legal instruments (usually a deed or a will) to exert control over the ownership of private property for a time long beyond the lives of people living at the time the instrument was written. Specifically, the rule forbids a person from creating future interests (traditionally contingent remainders and executory interests) in property that would vest beyond 21 years after the lifetimes of those living at the time of creation of the interest, often expressed as a "life in being plus twenty-one years". In essence, the rule prevents a person from putting qualifications and criteria in a deed or a will that would continue to affect the ownership of property long after he or she has died, a concept often referred to as control by the "dead hand" or "'' mortmain''". The basic elements of the rule against perpetuities originated in England in the 17th century and were "crystallized" into a sin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
