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Pugu (Dongyi)
Pugu or Bogu was an ancient civilization or state of ancient China around the mouth of the Yellow River. History The Pugu are recorded as existing during the Shang and were counted among the " Eastern Barbarians" or ''Dongyi'' of Qingzhou. They occupied the shore of the Bay of Bohai around present-day Binzhou and Boxing, an area which the silt deposition from the present course of the Yellow River has since made miles inland. In alliance with the Shang prince Wu Geng, Pugu joined the ''Dongyi'' of Yan (, near present-day Qufu) and Xu in the Huai valley in opposing Shang's replacement by the Zhou after the Battle of Muye. This insurrection joined with the Rebellion of the Three Guards within Zhou itself, opposing the regency of the Duke of Zhou BC. The Duke undertook a successful campaign across the North China Plain, defeating Wu Geng and forcing the submission of the opposing Yi. Pugu's area was granted to the minister Jiang Ziya as the fief of Qi. The ''Bamboo A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
States Of Ancient China
Ancient Chinese states () were dynastic polities of China within and without the Zhou cultural sphere prior to Qin's wars of unification. They ranged in size from large estates, to city-states to much vaster territories with multiple population centers. Many of these submitted to royal authority, but many did not—even those that shared the same culture and ancestral temple surname as the ruling house. Prior to the Zhou conquest of Shang, these ancient states were already extant as units of the preceding Shang dynasty, Predynastic Zhou or polities of other cultural groups. Once the Zhou had established themselves, they made grants of land and relative local autonomy to kinfolk in return for military support and tributes, under a system known as '' fengjian''. The rulers of the states were collectively the ''zhuhou'' (). Over the course of the Zhou dynasty ( 1046–256 ), the ties of family between the states attenuated, the power of the central government waned, and the states ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rebellion Of The Three Guards
The Rebellion of the Three Guards (), or less commonly the Wu Geng Rebellion (), was a civil war, instigated by an alliance of discontent Zhou princes, Shang loyalists, vassal states and other non-Zhou peoples against the Western Zhou government under the Duke of Zhou's regency in late 11th century BC. After the fall of the Shang dynasty, King Wu of Zhou had appointed his younger brothers Guanshu, Caishu and Huoshu as the "Three Guards" of the East to secure the newly conquered Shang lands. After his death and his young son King Cheng's coronation, King Wu's brother Dan, the Duke of Zhou, declared himself regent and took over the court. This aroused the anger of the Three Guards who suspected Dan of usurpation and believed that they should serve as regents. The Three Guards allied with many separatist eastern nobles, Shang loyalists under Prince Wu Geng, and several Dongyi and Huaiyi () states in rebellion. The Duke of Zhou then launched a second "eastern campaign" to put ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duke Xian Of Qi
Duke Xian of Qi (), personal name Lü Shan, was from 859 BC to 851 BC the duke of the Qi state. Duke Xian was a younger son of Duke Gui. During the reign of his older brother, Duke Hu, the capital of Qi was relocated from Yingqiu (Linzi) to Bogu. The move was resented by the people of Yingqiu, who rebelled under the leadership of Duke Xian, who then took the throne. During his reign, Duke Xian expelled the sons of Duke Hu, and moved the capital back to Linzi. He reigned for 9 years and died in 851 BC. He was succeeded by his son, Duke Wu. Family Sons: * Duke Wu of Qi Duke Wu of Qi (), personal name Lü Shou, was from 850 BC to 825 BC the duke of the Qi state. Duke Wu succeeded his father, Duke Xian, as ruler of Qi. He reigned for 26 years and died in 825 BC. He was succeeded by his son, Duke Li. Family So ... (d. 825 BC), ruled as Duke of Qi from 849–825 BC Ancestry References {{DEFAULTSORT:Xian of Qi, Duke Year of birth unknown Monarchs of Qi (sta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qi Coup D'état Of 860 BC
In course of the Qi coup d'état of 860 BC, Duke Hu was overthrown and killed by a rebel faction, led by his half-brother, Duke Xian. As Duke Hu had been appointed and supported by the Zhou dynasty, the coup led to a royal punitive expedition that failed in removing Duke Xian from the throne. Duke Xian went on to rule Qi for seven or eight years. History In 862 BC, King Yi of Zhou summoned the many regional vassal rulers, among them Duke Ai of Qi, to the royal capital. At the conference, the duke was slandered by the ruler of the neighbouring state Ji, which led King Yi to have Ai executed by boiling him in a huge caldron. The king then appointed Ai's half-brother Jing, subsequently known as Duke Hu, as the new ruler of Qi. Due to his ancestry and the nature of his rise to power, Duke Hu's reign appears to have suffered from legitimacy issues; especially because another, full brother of Ai, Shan, resented and challenged Duke Hu's rule. Perhaps due to his shaky power base and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yingqiu
Linzi () was the capital city of the Chinese Qi (state), Qi state. The ruins of the city lie in modern-day Linzi District, Shandong, China. The city was one of the largest and richest in China during the Spring and Autumn period. Upon occupying Linzi in 221 BC, King Qin Shi Huang, Ying Zheng of Qin (state), Qin completed his conquest of the Chinese rival states and declared himself the first emperor of China shortly afterwards. The ruins of the ancient city were excavated in 1926 by Japanese archaeologists and in 1964 by Chinese archaeologists. Layout Linzi covered an area of around with the city built between two parallel rivers that ran north–south, the Zi River (Shandong), Zi River to its east and the old course of the Xi River (Shandong), Xi River to its west. The city was surrounded by a perimeter wall of rammed earth. The city consisted of an outer city and an inner city. The outer city wall reached a maximum of in base width, averaging between in width. The inner c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duke Hu Of Qi
Duke Hu of Qi (), personal name Lü Jing, was a monarch of the Qi state. Duke Hu was a younger son of Duke Gui. When Duke Gui died, Duke Hu's older half-brother, Duke Ai, ascended the throne. Duke Ai had a dispute with the Ji state. King Yi of Zhou sided with the marquis of Ji and executed Duke Ai by boiling him to death.''China: From Neolithic cultures through the Great Qing Empire 10,000 BCE-1799 CE'' by Harold M. Tanner King Yi of Zhou then installed Duke Hu on the Qi throne. Duke Hu moved the capital of Qi from Yingqiu Linzi () was the capital city of the Chinese Qi (state), Qi state. The ruins of the city lie in modern-day Linzi District, Shandong, China. The city was one of the largest and richest in China during the Spring and Autumn period. Upon occupying ... to Bogu. The move was resented by the people of Yingqiu, who rebelled under the leadership of Duke Hu's half-brother, Duke Xian, who then took the throne. Ancestry References {{DEFAULTSORT:H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King Yi Of Zhou (Jian)
King Yi of Zhou (), personal name Ji Jian, was a king of the Chinese Zhou dynasty. Estimated dates of his reign are 899–892 BC or 899–873 BC. King Yi's reign is poorly documented. The first year of his reign is confirmed by a solar eclipse on April 21, 899. He was succeeded to the throne by his uncle King Xiao, who was in turn succeeded by King Yi's son King Yí, who was "restored by the many lords". He is said to have moved from the capital to a locality called Huaili. This hints that he was removed from power by his uncle, but the matter is uncertain. Yi's grandson was King Li of Zhou.Liu Xueqin ''劉學勤'' (1992). ''Zhou Xuanwang 周宣王'', in: ''Zhongguo da baike quanshu 中國大百科全書'', Zhongguo lishi ''中國歷史'', vol. 3, page 1605. Beijing/Shanghai: ''Zhongguo da baike quanshu chubanshe'' Family Queens * Wang Bo Jiang, of the Jiang clan (), the mother of Crown Prince Xie and a daughter Sons * Crown Prince Xie (; d. 878 BC), ruled as King Yí of Z ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King Cheng Of Zhou
King Cheng of Zhou (; 1055–1021 BC), personal name Ji Song, was the second king of the Chinese Zhou dynasty. The dates of his reign are 1042–1021 BCE or 1042/35–1006 BCE. Ji Dan, Duke of Zhou served as regent during his minority. His parents were King Wu of Zhou and Queen Yi Jiang. Life King Cheng was young when he ascended the throne. His uncle the Duke of Zhou, fearing that Shang forces might rise again under the possible weak rule of a young ruler, became the regent and supervised government affairs for several years. Duke of Zhou established the eastern capital at Luoyang and later defeated a rebellion Rebellion is an uprising that resists and is organized against one's government. A rebel is a person who engages in a rebellion. A rebel group is a consciously coordinated group that seeks to gain political control over an entire state or a ... by Cheng's uncles the Three Guards Cai Shu, Guan Shu and Huo Shu.Hucker, Charles O. (1978). China to 1850: a s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lu (state)
Lu (; 249 BC) was a vassal Ancient Chinese states, state during the Zhou dynasty of History of China#Ancient China, ancient China located around modern Shandong. Founded in the 11th century BC, its rulers were from a cadet branch of the Jī, House of Ji () that ruled the Zhou dynasty. The first duke was Boqin, a son of the Duke of Zhou, who was brother of King Wu of Zhou and regent to King Cheng of Zhou. Lu was the home state of Confucius as well as Mozi, and, as such, has an outsized cultural influence among the states of the Eastern Zhou and in history. The ''Annals of Spring and Autumn'', for instance, was written with the Lu rulers' years as their basis. Another great work of Chinese history, the ''Zuo Zhuan'' or ''Commentary of Zuo'', was traditionally considered to have been written in Lu by Zuo Qiuming. Geography The state's capital was in Qufu and its territory mainly covered the central and southwest regions of what is now Shandong Province. It was borde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bamboo Annals
The ''Bamboo Annals'' ( zh, t=竹書紀年, p=Zhúshū Jìnián), also known as the ''Ji Tomb Annals'' ( zh, t=汲冢紀年, p=Jí Zhǒng Jìnián), is a chronicle of ancient China. It begins in the earliest legendary time (the age of the Yellow Emperor) and extends to 299 BC, with the later centuries focusing on the history of the State of Wei in the Warring States period. It thus covers a similar period to Sima Qian's '' Records of the Grand Historian'' (91 BC). The original may have been lost during the Song dynasty, and the text is known today in two versions, a "current text" (or "modern text") of disputed authenticity and an incomplete "ancient text". Textual history The original text was buried with King Xiang of Wei (died 296 BC) and re-discovered nearly six centuries later in 281 AD ( Western Jin dynasty) in the Jizhong discovery. For this reason, the chronicle survived the burning of the books by Emperor Qin Shi Huang. Other texts recovered from the same tomb in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qi (state)
Qi, or Ch'i in Wade–Giles romanization, was a ancient Chinese state, regional state of the Zhou dynasty in History of China#Ancient China, ancient China, whose rulers held Zhou dynasty nobility, titles of ''Hou'' (), then ''Gong (title), Gong''Gong (title), （公）, before declaring themselves independent Kings （王）. Its capital was Ancient Linzi, Linzi, located in present-day Shandong. Qi was founded shortly after the Zhou Battle of Muye, conquest of Shang dynasty, Shang, . Its first monarch was Jiang Ziya (Lord Tai; 1046–1015 BCE ), chancellor (China), minister of King Wen of Zhou, King Wen and a Chinese legend, legendary figure in Chinese culture. His Chinese surname#Xing, family ruled Qi for several centuries before it was Usurpation of Qi by Tian, replaced by the Tian family in 386BCE. Qi was the final surviving state to be annexed by state of Qin, Qin during its Qin's wars of unification, unification of China. History Foundation During the Zhou dynasty, Zh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jiang Ziya
Jiang Ziya ( century BC – 11th century BC), also known by several other names, also known by his posthumous name as the Duke Tai of Qi, was the founding monarch of the Qi state. He was a military general and strategist who assisted King Wen of Zhou and King Wu of Zhou overthrow the Shang dynasty and establish the Zhou dynasty. Following their victory in the Battle of Muye, he continued to serve as a Zhou minister. He remained loyal to the regent Ji Dan (Duke Wen of Zhou) during the Rebellion of the Three Guards; following the Ji Dan's punitive raids against the restive Dongyi, Jiang was enfeoffed with the land of Qi. He established his seat at Yingqiu (in modern-day Linzi, Zibo, Shandong). He has been worshipped as a war god since the Han and, especially, Tang dynasties. He is also celebrated in Chinese literature, and is one of the main heroes in the Ming-era ''Investiture of the Gods''. Names The first ruler of Qi bore the given name Shang. The nobi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
