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Pseudotsuga Menziesii
The Douglas fir (''Pseudotsuga menziesii'') is an evergreen conifer species in the pine family, Pinaceae. It is the tallest tree in the Pinaceae family. It is native plant, native to western North America and is also known as Douglas-fir, Douglas spruce, Oregon pine, and Columbian pine. There are three varieties: coast Douglas-fir (''P. menziesii'' var. ''menziesii''), Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir (''P. menziesii'' var. ''glauca'') and Mexican Douglas-fir (''P. menziesii'' var. ''lindleyana''). Despite its common names, it is not a true fir (genus ''Fir, Abies''), spruce (genus ''Spruce, Picea''), or pine (genus ''Pine, Pinus''). It is also not a Tsuga, hemlock; the genus name ''Pseudotsuga'' means "false hemlock". Description Douglas-firs are medium-sized to extremely large evergreen trees, tall (although only coast Douglas-firs reach heights near 100 m) and commonly reach in diameter, although trees with diameters of almost exist. The largest coast Douglas-firs regularl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coast Douglas-fir
''Pseudotsuga menziesii'' var. ''menziesii'', commonly known as Coast Douglas-fir, Pacific Douglas-fir, Oregon pine, or Douglas spruce, is an evergreen conifer native to western North America from west-central British Columbia, Canada southward to Central California, United States. In Oregon and Washington (U.S. state), Washington its range is continuous from the Cascade Range, Cascades crest west to the Pacific Coast Ranges and Pacific Ocean. In California, it is found in the Klamath Mountains, Klamath and California Coast Ranges as far south as the Santa Lucia Mountains with a small stand as far south as the Purisima Hills, Santa Barbara County, California, Santa Barbara County. In the Sierra Nevada (U.S.), Sierra Nevada it ranges as far south as the Yosemite Valley, Yosemite region. It occurs from near sea level along the coast to in the California Mountains. Further inland, coast Douglas-fir is replaced by Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca, Rocky Mountain or interior Douglas-f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudotsuga Menziesii Var
''Pseudotsuga'' is a genus of evergreen coniferous trees in the family Pinaceae (subfamily Laricoideae). Common names for species in the genus include Douglas fir, Douglas-fir, Douglas tree, Oregon pine and Bigcone spruce. ''Pseudotsuga menziesii'' (Douglas fir proper) is widespread in western North America and is an important source of timber. The number of species has long been debated, but two in western North America and two to four in eastern Asia are commonly acknowledged. Nineteenth-century botanists had problems in classifying Douglas firs, due to the species' similarity to various other conifers better known at the time; they have at times been classified in ''Pinus'', ''Picea'', ''Abies'', ''Tsuga'', and even '' Sequoia''. Because of their distinctive cones, Douglas firs were finally placed in the new genus ''Pseudotsuga'' (meaning "false hemlock") by the French botanist Carrière in 1867. The genus name has also been hyphenated as ''Pseudo-tsuga''. Name The tree ta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir
''Pseudotsuga menziesii'' var. ''glauca'', or Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir, is an evergreen conifer native to the interior mountainous regions of western North America, from central British Columbia and southwest Alberta in Canada southward through the United States to the far north of Mexico. The range is continuous in the northern Rocky Mountains south to eastern Washington, eastern Oregon, Idaho, western and south-central Montana and western Wyoming, but becomes discontinuous further south, confined to " sky islands" on the higher mountains in Utah, Colorado, Arizona and New Mexico, with only very isolated small populations in eastern Nevada, westernmost Texas, and northern Mexico. It occurs from 600 m altitude in the north of the range, up to 3,000 m, rarely 3,200 m, in the south. Further west towards the Pacific coast, it is replaced by the related coast Douglas-fir (''Pseudotsuga menziesii'' var. ''menziesii''), and to the south, it is replaced by Mexican Dougl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mexican Douglas-fir
''Pseudotsuga menziesii var. lindleyana'', commonly known as the Mexican Douglas-fir, is a conifer in the genus ''Pseudotsuga'' that is endemic to Mexico. DNA sequence and morphological evidence suggests it is most closely related to Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir (''P. menziesii'' var. ''glauca'') and might best be treated as an additional variety within '' P. menziesii''. Distribution ''Pseudotsuga menziesii var. lindleyana'' is native to the Sierra Madre Occidental, Sierra Madre Oriental, and scattered mountains as far south as Oaxaca. The Mexican Government lists Mexican Douglas-fir as "subject to special protection" because its populations are small, isolated and show signs of low fertility and recruitment due to inbreeding depression Inbreeding depression is the reduced biological fitness caused by loss of genetic diversity as a consequence of inbreeding, the breeding of individuals closely related genetically. This loss of genetic diversity results from small population si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles-François Brisseau De Mirbel
Charles-François Brisseau de Mirbel (27 March 1776 – 12 September 1854) was a French botanist and politician. He was a founder of the science of plant cell biology, cytology. A native Parisian, at the age of twenty, he became an assistant-naturalist with the French Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, National Museum of Natural History. While there he began to examine plant tissue under a microscope. In 1802, Mirbel published his treatise ''Traité d'anatomie et de physiologie végétale'' which established his position as a founder of cell biology, cytology, plant histology and plant physiology in France. He proposed that all plant tissue is modified from parenchyma (supporting tissue). His observation, in 1809, that each plant cell is contained in a continuous membrane, remains a central contribution to cytology. In 1803, Mirbel obtained the post of superintendent of the gardens of Napoleon's Château de Malmaison. There he studied and published on structure of plant t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nooksack Giant
The Nooksack Giant was a superlative Coast Douglas-fir ''Pseudotsuga menziesii'' var. ''menziesii'', commonly known as Coast Douglas-fir, Pacific Douglas-fir, Oregon pine, or Douglas spruce, is an evergreen conifer native to western North America from west-central British Columbia, Canada southward t ... (''Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii'') that grew at Loop's Ranch (now Alpenglow Farm) in Maple Falls in Washington State. It was felled in early 1896 on the Alfred Bruce Loop Homestead with a crosscut saw by a team of men at the North Fork of the Nooksack river. The tree was measured with a tape after felling at in length, 33 ft 11 in (10.3 m) in circumference, or nearly 11 ft (3.35 m) in diameter at the base, and measured 220 feet (67 m) to the first limb. Ring count showed this tree to be 480 years old. A cross section of the tree was displayed on the corner of Railroad Avenue and Holly Street in New Whatcom (now Bellingham) with a wooden placard nailed to it noting the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leaves
A leaf (: leaves) is a principal appendage of the stem of a vascular plant, usually borne laterally above ground and specialized for photosynthesis. Leaves are collectively called foliage, as in "autumn foliage", while the leaves, stem, flower, and fruit collectively form the shoot system. In most leaves, the primary photosynthetic tissue is the palisade mesophyll and is located on the upper side of the blade or lamina of the leaf, but in some species, including the mature foliage of ''Eucalyptus'', palisade mesophyll is present on both sides and the leaves are said to be isobilateral. The leaf is an integral part of the stem system, and most leaves are flattened and have distinct upper ( adaxial) and lower ( abaxial) surfaces that differ in color, hairiness, the number of stomata (pores that intake and output gases), the amount and structure of epicuticular wax, and other features. Leaves are mostly green in color due to the presence of a compound called chlorop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Timber Press
Workman Publishing Company, Inc., is an American Publishing companies, publisher of Tradebook, trade books founded by Peter Workman. The company consists of Imprint (trade name), imprints Workman, Workman Children's, Workman Calendars, Artisan, Algonquin Books of Chapel Hill and Algonquin Young Readers, Storey Publishing, and Timber Press. From the beginning Workman focused on publishing adult and children's Nonfiction, non-fiction, and its titles and brands rank among the best-known in their fields, including: the What to Expect When You're Expecting, What to Expect pregnancy and childcare guide; the educational series, ''Brain Quest'' and ''The Big Fat Notebooks;'' travel books like ''1,000 Places to See Before You Die'' and ''Atlas Obscura''; humor including ''The Complete Preppy Handbook'' and ''Bad Cat;'' award-winning cookbooks: ''The Noma Guide to Fermentation, The French Laundry Cookbook, Sheet Pan Suppers,'' ''The Silver Palate Cookbook, The Barbecue Bible;'' and novel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fascicle (botany)
In botany, a fascicle is a bundle of leaves or flowers growing crowded together; alternatively the term might refer to the vascular tissues that supply such an organ with nutrients.Shashtri, Varun. Dictionary of Botany. Publisher: Isha Books 2005. However, vascular tissues may occur in fascicles even when the organs they supply are not fascicled. Etymology of fascicle and related terms The term ''fascicle'' and its derived terms such as ''fasciculation'' are from the Latin ''fasciculus'', the diminutive of ''fascis'', a bundle. Accordingly, such words occur in many forms and contexts wherever they are convenient for descriptive purposes. A fascicle may be leaves or flowers on a short shoot where the nodes of a shoot are crowded without clear internodes, such as in species of ''Pinus'' or '' Rhigozum''. However, bundled fibres, nerves or bristles as in tissues or the glochid fascicles of ''Opuntia'' may have little or nothing to do with branch morphology. In pines Leaf fasc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bark (botany)
Bark is the outermost layer of Plant stem, stems and roots of woody plants. Plants with bark include trees, woody vines, and shrubs. Bark refers to all the Tissue (biology), tissues outside the vascular cambium and is a nontechnical term. It overlays the wood and consists of the inner bark and the outer bark. The inner bark, which in older Plant stem, stems is living tissue, includes the innermost layer of the periderm. The outer bark on older stems includes the dead tissue on the surface of the stems, along with parts of the outermost periderm and all the tissues on the outer side of the periderm. The outer bark on trees which lies external to the living periderm is also called the Glossary of botanical terms#rhytidome, rhytidome. Products derived from bark include bark shingle siding and wall coverings, spices, and other flavorings, tanbark for tannin, resin, latex, medicines, poisons, various hallucinogenic chemicals, and Cork (material), cork. Bark has been used to make clot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mountaineers Books
The Mountaineers is an alpine club in the US state of Washington. Founded in 1906, it is organized as an outdoor recreation, education, and conservation 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization, and is based in Seattle, Washington. The club hosts a wide range of outdoor activities, primarily alpine mountain climbing and hikes. The club also hosts classes, training courses, and social events. The club runs a publishing business, Mountaineers Books, which has several imprints. Publications include '' Mountaineering: The Freedom of the Hills''. Organization and activities The Mountaineers has 7 branches in Western Washington, 3 mountain lodges, and 2 program centers: one in Magnuson Park in Seattle, and one in Tacoma. All classes and trips are organized. History Originally a Seattle-based part of the Mazamas, a Portland based group founded in 1894, The Mountaineers formed their own branch shortly after the 1906 Mazamas Mount Baker expedition and dubbed themselves "The Mountaine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Resin
A resin is a solid or highly viscous liquid that can be converted into a polymer. Resins may be biological or synthetic in origin, but are typically harvested from plants. Resins are mixtures of organic compounds, predominantly terpenes. Common resins include amber, hashish, frankincense, myrrh and the animal-derived resin, shellac. Resins are used in varnishes, adhesives, food additives, incenses and perfumes. Resins protect plants from insects and pathogens, and are secreted in response to injury. Resins repel herbivores, insects, and pathogens, while the volatile natural phenol, phenolic compounds may attract benefactors such as predators of insects that attack the plant. Composition Most plant resins are composed of terpenes. Specific components are alpha-Pinene, alpha-pinene, pinene, beta-pinene, carene, delta-3 carene, and sabinene, the monocyclic terpenes limonene and terpinolene, and smaller amounts of the tricyclic sesquiterpenes, longifolene, caryophyllene, and cad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
