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Protectorate Agreement Of Brunei (1888)
The Protectorate Agreement of Brunei 1888 or Protectorate Agreement with the Sultan of Brunei or Agreement between Her Majesty's Government and the Sultan of Brunei for the establishment of a British protectorate over the State of Brunei was a treaty signed on 17 September 1888 between the Sultanate of Brunei and the British Empire. The treaty placed Brunei under the protection of the British Government but with certain limitations, however it effectively shifted the entirety of Brunei's foreign affairs to the United Kingdom. The agreement was signed by the 25th Sultan of Brunei, Sultan Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin and the British Resident of Perak, Hugh Low. It was witnessed by Dato Temenggong Kim Swee and L.H Wise. It was signed at Sultan Hashim's palace in "the city of Brunei", present day Kampong Ayer. The treaty marked the end of the Sultanate of Brunei and the beginning of British Protectorate Brunei. It also officially established the British consul system in the Sultanate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protectorate
A protectorate, in the context of international relations, is a State (polity), state that is under protection by another state for defence against aggression and other violations of law. It is a dependent territory that enjoys autonomy over most of its internal affairs, while still recognizing the suzerainty of a more powerful sovereign state without being a possession. In exchange, the protectorate usually accepts specified obligations depending on the terms of their arrangement. Usually protectorates are established de jure by a treaty. Under certain conditions—as with History of Egypt under the British#Veiled Protectorate (1882–1913), Egypt under British rule (1882–1914)—a state can also be labelled as a de facto protectorate or a veiled protectorate. A protectorate is different from a colony as it has local rulers, is not directly possessed, and rarely experiences colonization by the suzerain state. A state that is under the protection of another state while retai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lawas
Lawas () is a small town and the capital of Lawas District, Limbang Division, Sarawak, Malaysia. This district area is 3,811.90 square kilometres, and population (year 2020 census) was 46,200. It is 1,200 km from the state capital, Kuching and 200 km from the capital city of Sabah, Kota Kinabalu. Etymology There are several versions of the origin of the name "Lawas". It reportedly came from the Malay word ''luas'' which means "spacious". During earlier times, people tended to settle down in spacious areas and thus the town was born. In another version of the story, there was once a group of merchants who were attacked and chased by the pirates at the mouth of the Lawas river. The merchants managed to hid themselves in the middle of the jungle and the pirates could not find them. Feelling relieved and secure, the merchants returned to the sea. In the local dialect, "Lawas" means "relief, safe, and secure". History On 7 September 1901, the British North Borneo Com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Protectorate Brunei
British may refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * British people, nationals or natives of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies. * British national identity, the characteristics of British people and culture * British English, the English language as spoken and written in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and, more broadly, throughout the British Isles * Celtic Britons, an ancient ethno-linguistic group * Brittonic languages, a branch of the Insular Celtic language family (formerly called British) ** Common Brittonic, an ancient language Other uses *People or things associated with: ** Great Britain, an island ** British Isles, an island group ** United Kingdom, a sovereign state ** British Empire, a historical global colonial empire ** Kingdom of Great Britain (1707–1800) ** United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801–1922) * British Raj, colonial India under the British Empire * British Hong Kong, colonial Ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Negeri Sembilan
Negeri Sembilan (, Negeri Sembilan Malay: ''Nogoghi Sombilan'', ''Nismilan''), historically spelled as Negri Sembilan, is a States and federal territories of Malaysia, state in Malaysia which lies on the Peninsular Malaysia#Other features, western coast of Peninsular Malaysia. It borders Selangor on the north, Pahang in the east, and Malacca and Johor to the south. Negeri Sembilan has diverse tropical rainforests and an Tropical rainforest climate, equatorial climate. The state's mountain ranges belong to the Titiwangsa Mountains, a southern subrange of the Tenasserim Hills that span throughout southern Myanmar, southern Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia, with Mount Besar Hantu as the highest point. The Titiwangsa also ends here, at Mount Tampin, located south of the state. The capital of Negeri Sembilan is Seremban. The royal capital is Seri Menanti in Kuala Pilah District. Other important towns are Port Dickson (town), Bahau and Nilai. The economy of Negeri Sembilan is mainl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malcolm Stewart Hannibal McArthur
Malcolm Stewart Hannibal McArthur (10 March 1872 – 20 February 1934) was the first List of administrators of British Brunei, British resident of Brunei. He played a key role in the talks that resulted in the signing of the 1905 and 1906 Agreement between Government of the United Kingdom, Great Britain and Brunei as well as the implementation of the Resident minister, Residential system. The accomplishments he is most known for were his establishment of a tax system and a Western world, Western-style government in Brunei. He also started making arrangements to persuade the people of Kampong Ayer to relocate to homes on land, setting the groundwork for Brunei Town. Despite challenges in navigating Malay customs and traditions, McArthur's efforts, combined with the proactiveness of Omar Ali Saifuddien III, Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III, led to significant improvements and prevented further annexations of Brunei's lands. Early life and education The son of General Charles McArt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Temburong District
Temburong District (; Jawi script, Jawi: دائيره تمبوروڠ) or simply known as Temburong ('; ), is the second largest and least populated districts of Brunei, district in Brunei. It has an area of and the population of 9,444 as of 2021. The district is also home to its administrative centre, Bangar Town (), as well as the Temburong River and Ulu Temburong National Park, the country's List of rivers of Brunei, third longest river and a national parkUNEP-WCMC (2023)Protected Area Profile for Ulu Temburongfrom the World Database on Protected Areas. Accessed 18 March 2023. in Brunei respectively. Geography The Malaysian district of Limbang divided the Temburong District, an exclave, from the rest of Brunei. It is a location for ecotourism and is home to a large portion of the Sultanate's virgin rainforests. Nestled between the Limbang River, Limbang and Trusan Rivers on all sides, Bukit Pagon (1,850 m) dominates the eastern region of Brunei. The Royal Geographical Soci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tutong District
Tutong District (; Jawi script, Jawi: دائيره توتوڠ) or simply known as Tutong ('), is the third largest and populated districts of Brunei, district in Brunei. It has an area of and the population of 47,210 as of 2021. The district is also home to its administrative centre is Tutong (town), Tutong Town (), as well as the Tutong River and Tasek Merimbun, the country's List of rivers of Brunei, second longest river and the only ASEAN Heritage Parks in Brunei respectively. Geography The district borders the South China Sea to the north, Brunei–Muara District to the northeast, Sarawak to the east and south, and Belait District to the west. Covering , it is the third-largest district in Brunei. The 137 kilometre Tutong River, the district's primary river, flows from the interior in the south to the South China Sea. Bukit Bedawan, the district's highest point, stands at 529 meters. The district also hosts Tasek Merimbun, Brunei's largest natural lake, designated as an A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belait District
Belait District (; Jawi: دأيره بلأيت) or simply known as Belait ('; ), is the largest as well as the westernmost district in Brunei. It has an area of and the population of 65,531 as of 2021. The administrative town is Kuala Belait, located at the mouth of the long Belait River. The district is commonly associated with the oil and gas industry of the country, mainly concentrated near the town of Seria. Geography The South China Sea borders Belait District to the north, Tutong District to the northeast, and Sarawak, Malaysia to the west and south. The district's lowlands are steep and below an elevation of . Areas along the shore, which are mostly characterised by marshy plains with slender alluvial valleys that extend to the major rivers, are the exception. Bukit Teraja, the district's highest point, stands at 417 meters. With multiple offshore installations and pipeline connections, the district is situated on the northwest coast of Borneo, is a vital hub fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Holland, 1st Viscount Knutsford
Henry Thurstan Holland, 1st Viscount Knutsford, (3 August 1825 – 29 January 1914), known as Sir Henry Holland, Bt, from 1873 to 1888 and as The Lord Knutsford from 1888 to 1895, was a British Conservative Party (UK), Conservative politician, best known for serving as Secretary of State for the Colonies from 1887 to 1892. Background and education The son of Sir Henry Holland, 1st Baronet, a prominent physician, Knutsford was educated at Harrow School, University of Durham, Durham University, and Trinity College, Cambridge, and took his degree in 1847. He studied law, and was called to the bar at the Inner Temple in 1849. He practised law privately until 1867, when he became legal advisor to the Colonial Office. Political career In 1870 Knutsford became assistant colonial undersecretary, serving until 1874, and in 1873, having succeeded his father as 2nd Baronet, he was elected to the British House of Commons, House of Commons as a Conservative Party (UK), Conservative. In Lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess Of Salisbury
Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury (; 3 February 183022 August 1903), known as Lord Salisbury, was a British statesman and Conservative politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom three times for a total of over thirteen years. He was also Foreign Secretary before and during most of his tenure. He avoided international alignments or alliances, maintaining the policy of " splendid isolation". Lord Robert Cecil, later known as Lord Salisbury, was first elected to the House of Commons in 1854 and served as Secretary of State for India in Lord Derby's Conservative government 1866–1867. In 1874, under Disraeli, Salisbury returned as Secretary of State for India, and, in 1878, was appointed foreign secretary, and played a leading part in the Congress of Berlin. After Disraeli's death in 1881, Salisbury emerged as the Conservative leader in the House of Lords, with Sir Stafford Northcote leading the party in the Commons. He succee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Resident Minister
A resident minister, or resident for short, is a government official required to take up permanent residence in another country. A representative of his government, he officially has diplomatic functions which are often seen as a form of indirect rule. A resident usually heads an administrative area called a residency. "Resident" may also refer to resident spy, the chief of an espionage operations base. Resident ministers This full style occurred commonly as a diplomatic rank for the head of a mission ranking just below envoy, usually reflecting the relatively low status of the states of origin and/or residency or else difficult relations. On occasion, the resident minister's role could become extremely important, as when in 1806 the Bourbon king Ferdinand IV fled his Kingdom of Naples, and Lord William Bentinck, the British Resident, authored (1812) a new and relatively liberal constitution. Residents could also be posted to nations that had significant foreign influenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frederick Weld
Sir Frederick Aloysius Weld (9 May 1823 – 20 July 1891), was an English-born New Zealand politician and colonial administrator of various British colonies and territories located in Oceania and Southeast Asia. He was the sixth Prime Minister of New Zealand, and later served as Governor of Western Australia, Governor of Tasmania, and Governor of the Straits Settlements. Early life Weld was born near Bridport, Dorset, England, on 9 May 1823. His mother, Christina Maria Clifford, was the daughter of Baron Clifford of Chudleigh. Both of his parents were from old recusant Catholic families. His father, Humphrey Weld of Chideock, was a member of the Weld family. Humphrey's father Thomas Weld (of Lulworth) donated the land and endowed the Jesuit college at Stonyhurst. Weld's upbringing was strongly grounded in the Roman Catholic faith. His early years were spent with his parents in the Restored Kingdom of France. Later, he received a good education, studying at Stonyhurst ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
