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Prosper Charbonnier
Prosper Jules Elie Charbonnier (1862 –1936) was a French naval officer, engineer, and ballistics expert. Charbonnier entered the l‘ Ecole polytechnique in 1884 and served in Lorient in the ''Régiment d’Artillerie de Marine'' (RAMA). He was promoted to ''capitaine en second'' en 1892 and then was appointed a member of the Commission for Artillery Experiments at Gâvres. In 1895 he was promoted to ''capitaine en premier'' en 1895. After serving in Tonkin and in China, he was promoted to squadron leader in 1903 and to ''lieutenant colonel'' in 1907. In 1910, he joined the new corps of engineers of naval artillery with the rank of ''ingénieur en chef de deuxième classe''. Charbonnier was promoted to director of naval artillery in Lorient and to president-director of the Commission of Gâvres in 1911, to ''ingénieur en chef de première classe'' in 1912, and to ''ingénieur général de deuxième classe'' in 1915. In 1918 he was appointed the Inspector General of the services of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lorient
Lorient (; ) is a town (''Communes of France, commune'') and Port, seaport in the Morbihan Departments of France, department of Brittany (administrative region), Brittany in western France. History Prehistory and classical antiquity Beginning around 3000 BC, settlements in the area of Lorient are attested by the presence of Megalith, megalithic architecture. Ruins of Roman roads (linking Vannes to Quimper and Port-Louis, Morbihan, Port-Louis to Carhaix) confirm Gallo-Roman presence. Founding In 1664, Jean-Baptiste Colbert founded the Louis XIV's East India Company, French East Indies Company. In June 1666, an Ordonnance, ordinance of Louis XIV of France, Louis XIV granted lands of Port-Louis, Morbihan, Port-Louis to the company, along with Faouédic on the other side of the roadstead. One of its directors, Denis Langlois, bought lands at the confluence of the Scorff and the Blavet rivers, and built slipways. At first, it only served as a subsidiary of Port-Louis, where o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gâvres
Gâvres (; ) is a commune in the Morbihan department of Brittany in north-western France. French Navy Minister Hyde de Neuville chose this place as a military testing area in 1829 for heavy marine ordnance.See the governmental directions of June 22, 1829, quoted in . The extensive experiments performed at sea have later provided part of the data upon which Hugoniot's theory is based. Demographics Inhabitants of Gâvres are called in French ''Gâvrais''. See also *Communes of the Morbihan department The following is a list of the 249 Communes of France, communes of the Morbihan Departments of France, department of France. The communes cooperate in the following Communes of France#Intercommunality, intercommunalities (as of 2025): References External links *Mayors of Morbihan Associ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tonkin
Tonkin, also spelled Tongkin, Tonquin or Tongking, is an exonym referring to the northern region of Vietnam. During the 17th and 18th centuries, this term referred to the domain '' Đàng Ngoài'' under Trịnh lords' control, including both the Northern and Thanh- Nghệ regions, north of the Gianh River. From 1884 to early 1945, this term was used for the French protectorate of Tonkin, composed of only the Northern region. Names "Tonkin" is a Western rendition of 東京 ''Đông Kinh'', meaning 'Eastern Capital'. This was the name of the capital of the Lê dynasty (present-day Hanoi). Locally, Tonkin is nowadays known as ''miền Bắc'', or ''Bắc Bộ'', meaning ' Northern Region'. The name was used from 1883 to 1945 for the French protectorate of Tonkin (Vietnamese: ''Bắc Kỳ'' 北圻), a constituent territory of French Indochina. Geography It is south of Yunnan (Vân Nam) and Guangxi (Quảng Tây) Provinces of China; east of northern Laos and west of the Gulf of T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albert Châtelet
Albert Châtelet (24 October 1883 – 30 June 1960) was a French politician and mathematician. Biography Châtelet was a student at the École normale supérieure (Paris) from 1905 to 1908, succeeding to the Agrégation (a highly selective competitive examination for future high-school teachers) in 1908. After earning a doctorate in 1911 and serving first in the health service, then in a ballistic research unit during the First World War, Châtelet became a lecturer at École centrale de Lille and in 1920 a professor at Université de Lille, rising to the rank of vice-chancellor by 1924. After thirteen years of chancellorship he was appointed as the director of secondary education by the Ministry of National Education, where he served under Jean Zay until 1940. In 1945 he joined the Faculty of Science at the University of Paris, succeeding Jean Cabannes as its dean in 1949. After his retirement as dean in 1954, Châtelet began participating in political movements at the fore ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georges Valiron
Georges Jean Marie Valiron (7 September 1884 – 17 March 1955) was a French mathematician, notable for his contributions to analysis, in particular, the asymptotic behaviour of entire functions of finite order and Tauberian theorems. Biography Valiron obtained his Ph.D. from the University of Paris in 1914, under supervision of Émile Borel. Since 1922 he held a professorship at the University of Strasbourg, and since 1931 a chair at the University of Paris. He gave a plenary speech at the 1932 International Congress of Mathematicians in Zürich and was an invited speaker of the ICM in 1920 in Strasbourg and in 1928 in Bologna. His treatise on mathematical analysis in two volumes (''Théorie des fonctions'' and ''Équations fonctionnelles'') is a classic and has been translated into numerous languages under diverse titles and has gone through many new editions, both French and non-French. He was awarded the title Commander of the Legion of Honour in 1954. One of Valiron's doctor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseph Kampé De Fériet
Marie-Joseph Kampé de Fériet (14 May 1893 – 6 April 1982) was a French mathematician at Université Lille Nord de France from 1919 to 1969. Besides his works on mathematics and fluid mechanics, he directed the ''Institut de mécanique des fluides de Lille'' ( ONERA Lille) and taught fluid dynamics and information theory at École centrale de Lille from 1930 to 1969. He devised the Kampé de Fériet functions, which further generalize the generalized hypergeometric function In mathematics, a generalized hypergeometric series is a power series in which the ratio of successive coefficients indexed by ''n'' is a rational function of ''n''. The series, if convergent, defines a generalized hypergeometric function, which ...s. He was an Invited Speaker of the ICM in 1928 at Bologna, in 1932 at Zurich, and in 1954 at Amsterdam. Works * J. Kampé de Fériet & P.E. Appell ''Fonctions hypergéometriques et hypersphériques'' (Paris, Gauthier-Villars, 1926) * J. Kampé de Fériet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arnaud Denjoy
Arnaud Denjoy (; 5 January 1884 – 21 January 1974) was a French mathematician. Biography Denjoy was born in Auch, Gers. His contributions include work in harmonic analysis and differential equations. His integral was the first to be able to integrate all derivatives. Among his students is Gustave Choquet. He is also known for the more general broad Denjoy integral, or Khinchin integral. Denjoy was an Invited Speaker of the ICM with talk ''Sur une classe d'ensembles parfaits en relation avec les fonctions admettant une dérivée seconde généralisée'' in 1920 at Strasbourg and with talk ''Les equations differentielles periodiques'' in 1950 at Cambridge, Massachusetts. In 1931 he was the president of the Société Mathématique de France. In 1942 he was elected a member of the Académie des sciences and was its president in 1962. Denjoy married in 1923 and was the father of three sons. He died in Paris in 1974. He was an atheist with a strong interest in philosophy, psycho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poncelet Prize
The Poncelet Prize () is awarded by the French Academy of Sciences. The prize was established in 1868 by the widow of General Jean-Victor Poncelet for the advancement of the sciences. It was in the amount of 2,000 francs (as of 1868), mostly for the work in applied mathematics. The precise wording of the announcement by the academy varied from year to year and required the work be "in mechanics", or "for work contributing to the progress of pure or applied mathematics", or simply "in applied mathematics", and sometimes included condition that the work must be "done during the ten years preceding the award." 19th century Source: * (1868) Alfred Clebsch * (1869) Julius von Mayer * (1870) Camille Jordan * (1871) Joseph Boussinesq * (1872) Amédée Mannheim, "for the general excellence of his geometrical disquisitions." * (1873) William Thomson, "for his magnificent works on the mathematical theory of electricity and magnetism." * (1874) Jacques Bresse, "for his work in applied m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Académie Des Sciences
The French Academy of Sciences (, ) is a learned society, founded in 1666 by Louis XIV at the suggestion of Jean-Baptiste Colbert, to encourage and protect the spirit of French Scientific method, scientific research. It was at the forefront of scientific developments in Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries, and is one of the earliest Academy of Sciences, Academies of Sciences. Currently headed by Patrick Flandrin (President of the academy), it is one of the five Academies of the . __TOC__ History The Academy of Sciences traces its origin to Colbert's plan to create a general academy. He chose a small group of scholars who met on 22 December 1666 in the King's library, near the present-day Bibliothèque nationale de France, Bibliothèque Nationale, and thereafter held twice-weekly working meetings there in the two rooms assigned to the group. The first 30 years of the academy's existence were relatively informal, since no statutes had as yet been laid down for the ins ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Congress Of Mathematicians
The International Congress of Mathematicians (ICM) is the largest conference for the topic of mathematics. It meets once every four years, hosted by the International Mathematical Union (IMU). The Fields Medals, the IMU Abacus Medal (known before 2022 as the Nevanlinna Prize), the Carl Friedrich Gauss Prize, Gauss Prize, and the Chern Medal are awarded during the congress's opening ceremony. Each congress is memorialized by a printed set of Proceedings recording academic papers based on invited talks intended to be relevant to current topics of general interest. Being List of International Congresses of Mathematicians Plenary and Invited Speakers, invited to talk at the ICM has been called "the equivalent ... of an induction to a hall of fame". History German mathematicians Felix Klein and Georg Cantor are credited with putting forward the idea of an international congress of mathematicians in the 1890s.A. John Coleman"Mathematics without borders": a book review. ''CMS Notes'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1862 Births
Events January * January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria. * January 6 – Second French intervention in Mexico, French intervention in Mexico: Second French Empire, French, Spanish and British forces arrive in Veracruz, Mexico. * January 16 – Hartley Colliery disaster in north-east England: 204 men are trapped and die underground when the only shaft becomes blocked. * January 30 – American Civil War: The first U.S. ironclad warship, , is launched in Brooklyn. * January 31 – Alvan Graham Clark makes the first observation of Sirius B, a white dwarf star, through an eighteen-inch telescope at Northwestern University in Illinois. February * February 1 – American Civil War: Julia Ward Howe's "Battle Hymn of the Republic" is published for the first time in the ''Atlantic Monthly''. * February 2 – The Dun Mountain Railway, first railway is opened in New Zealand, by the Dun Mountain Copper Mining Compan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
