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Proportional Compass
The sector, also known as a sector rule, proportional compass, or military compass, is a major mathematical instrument, calculating instrument that was in use from the end of the sixteenth century until the nineteenth century. It is an instrument consisting of two rulers of equal length joined by a hinge. A number of scales are inscribed upon the instrument which facilitate various mathematical calculations. It is used for solving problems in proportionality (mathematics), proportion, multiplication and division (mathematics), division, geometry, and trigonometry, and for computing various mathematical functions, such as square roots and cube roots. Its several scales permitted easy and direct solutions of problems in gunnery, surveying and navigation. The sector derives its name from the fourth proposition of the sixth book of Euclid, where it is demonstrated that similar triangles have their like sides proportional. Some sectors also incorporated a quadrant (instrument), quad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Compas De Proportion 1
Compas (; ; ), also known as konpa or kompa, is a modern méringue dance music genre of Haiti. The genre was created by Nemours Jean-Baptiste following the creation of Ensemble Aux Callebasses in 1955, which became Ensemble Nemours Jean-Baptiste in 1957. The frequent tours of the many Haitian bands have cemented the style in all the Caribbean. Therefore, compas is the main music of several countries such as Dominica and the French Antilles. Whether it is called zouk, where French Antilles artists of Martinique and Guadeloupe have taken it, or konpa in places where Haitian artists have toured, this méringue style is influential in part of the Caribbean, Portugal, Cape Verde, France, part of Canada, and South America, South and North America. Nemours Jean-Baptiste (1918–1985) was an important figure in the creation and popularization of ''konpa dirèk''. Born in Port-au-Prince, Jean-Baptiste grew up in a musically inclined family, and his early exposure to various forms of musi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henrion - Usage Du Compas De Proportion, 1637 - BEIC 218820 F
Henrion is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Daphne Hardy Henrion (1917–2003), British sculptor * Denis Henrion, French mathematician born at the end of the 16th century * Henri Kay Henrion (1914–1990), German graphic designer * Jean Henrion, former French figure skater * John Henrion (born 1991), American professional ice hockey center * Ludivine Henrion (born 1984), Belgian road bicycle racer * Mathieu-Richard-Auguste Henrion (1805–1862), Baron, French magistrate, historian, and journalist * Paul Henrion, (1819–1901), French composer * Robert Henrion (1915–1997), Belgian fencer * Pierre Paul Nicolas Henrion de Pansey (1742–1829), French jurist and politician * Michael Robert Henrion Posner (born 1988), American singer-songwriter, poet, and record producer See also * Henrion, Dassy & Heuschen double-barrel revolvers, type of revolver with two stacked barrels and two concentric sets of chambers, each serving its own barrel * Henri * {{surname ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circular Segment
In geometry, a circular segment or disk segment (symbol: ) is a region of a disk which is "cut off" from the rest of the disk by a straight line. The complete line is known as a '' secant'', and the section inside the disk as a '' chord''. More formally, a circular segment is a plane region bounded by a circular arc (of less than π radians by convention) and the circular chord connecting its endpoints. Formulae Let ''R'' be the radius of the arc which forms part of the perimeter of the segment, ''θ'' the central angle subtending the arc in radians, ''c'' the chord length, ''s'' the arc length, ''h'' the sagitta (height) of the segment, ''d'' the apothem of the segment, and ''a'' the area of the segment. Usually, chord length and height are given or measured, and sometimes the arc length as part of the perimeter, and the unknowns are area and sometimes arc length. These can't be calculated simply from chord length and height, so two intermediate quantities, the radius ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galileo's Geometrical And Military Compass In Putnam Gallery, 2009-11-24
Galileo di Vincenzo Bonaiuti de' Galilei (15 February 1564 – 8 January 1642), commonly referred to as Galileo Galilei ( , , ) or mononymously as Galileo, was an Italian astronomer, physicist and engineer, sometimes described as a polymath. He was born in the city of Pisa, then part of the Duchy of Florence. Galileo has been called the father of observational astronomy, modern-era classical physics, the scientific method, and modern science. Galileo studied speed and velocity, gravity and free fall, the principle of relativity, inertia, projectile motion and also worked in applied science and technology, describing the properties of the pendulum and "hydrostatic balances". He was one of the earliest Renaissance developers of the thermoscope and the inventor of various sector (instrument), military compasses. With an improved telescope he built, he observed the stars of the Milky Way, the phases of Venus, the Galilean moons, four largest satellites of Jupiter, Saturn's r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edmund Gunter
Edmund Gunter (158110 December 1626), was an English clergyman, mathematician, geometer and astronomer of Welsh descent. He is best remembered for his mathematical contributions, which include the invention of the Gunter's chain, the #Gunter's quadrant, Gunter's quadrant, and the #Gunter's scale, Gunter's scale. In 1620, he invented the first successful analogue device which he developed to calculate logarithmic tangents. He was mentorship, mentored in mathematics by Reverend Henry Briggs (mathematician), Henry Briggs and eventually became a Gresham Professor of Astronomy, from 1619 until his death. Biography Gunter was born in Hertfordshire in 1581. He was educated at Westminster School, and in 1599 he matriculated at Christ Church, Oxford. He took orders, became a preacher in 1614, and in 1615 proceeded to the degree of bachelor in Divinity (academic discipline), divinity. He became rector of St George the Martyr Southwark, St. George's Church in Southwark. Mathematics, parti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Hood (mathematician)
Thomas Hood (1556 – 1620) was an English mathematician and physician, the first lecturer in mathematics appointed in England, a few years before the founding of Gresham College. He publicized the Copernican theory, and discussed the nova SN 1572. (Tycho's Nova). He also innovated in the design of mathematical and astronomical instruments. Life He entered Trinity College, Cambridge in 1573, and graduated B.A. in 1578; he was elected to a fellowship in the same year, and graduated M.A. in 1581. His Cambridge licence to practice as a physician was from 1585. He was approached to lecture in mathematics in 1582, by the merchant Thomas Smythe. The lectures in fact began in 1588.W. W. Rouse Ball, ''A History of the Study of Mathematics at Cambridge'' (1889), pp. 23–4. He lectured from 1588 to 1592. The applications in view were military (intended for Captains of train bands, in other words for militia commanders at the time of the Spanish Armada), and subsequently aimed at naval n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Whitwell
Charles Whitwell (c. 1568 1611) was an English copper engraver and maker of mathematical and scientific instruments in the tradition of Humphrey Cole (c. 1530 1591). Whitwell was a citizen of London, free of the Worshipful Company of Grocers. One of his apprentices (indentured 1602) was Elias Allen (c. 1588-1653), who made instruments for royal patrons and for the mathematicians Edmund Gunter and William Oughtred. In 1598 Whitwell's premisses were "withoute Temple Barre against St Clement's church", where he could supply the instrument called a Sector, as described by the mathematician Thomas Hood in his publication of that year. Active between 1591 and 1606, Whitwell engraved maps of English counties, notably Philip Symonson's ''New Description of Kent'' (of 1596), and another of Surrey. He also engraved significant maps of France and of Asia. Whitwell built many of the instruments invented by the explorer Robert Dudley (1573 1649). These instruments, brought to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galileo Galilei
Galileo di Vincenzo Bonaiuti de' Galilei (15 February 1564 – 8 January 1642), commonly referred to as Galileo Galilei ( , , ) or mononymously as Galileo, was an Italian astronomer, physicist and engineer, sometimes described as a polymath. He was born in the city of Pisa, then part of the Duchy of Florence. Galileo has been called the father of observational astronomy, modern-era classical physics, the scientific method, and modern science. Galileo studied speed and velocity, gravity and free fall, the principle of relativity, inertia, projectile motion and also worked in applied science and technology, describing the properties of the pendulum and "hydrostatic balances". He was one of the earliest Renaissance developers of the thermoscope and the inventor of various sector (instrument), military compasses. With an improved telescope he built, he observed the stars of the Milky Way, the phases of Venus, the Galilean moons, four largest satellites of Jupiter, Saturn's r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guidobaldo Del Monte
Guidobaldo del Monte (11 January 1545 – 6 January 1607, var. Guidobaldi or Guido Baldi), Marquis del Monte, was an Italian mathematician, philosopher and astronomer of the 16th century. Biography Del Monte was born in Pesaro. His father, Ranieri, was from a leading wealthy family in Urbino. Ranieri was noted for his role as a soldier and also as the author of two books on military architecture. The Duke of Urbino, Duke Guidobaldo II, honoured him with the title Marchese del Monte so the family had only become a noble one in the generation before Guidobaldo. On the death of his father Guidobaldo inherited the title of Marchese. Guidobaldo studied mathematics at the University of Padua in 1564. While there he became a friend of the great Italian poet Torquato Tasso. In fact Guidobaldo may have known Tasso before they studied at Padua together, for Tasso was almost exactly the same age as Guidobaldo and had been educated at the court of the Duke of Urbino, with the duke's son, f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aristotle
Aristotle (; 384–322 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosophy, Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath. His writings cover a broad range of subjects spanning the natural sciences, philosophy, linguistics, economics, politics, psychology, and the arts. As the founder of the Peripatetic school of philosophy in the Lyceum (classical), Lyceum in Athens, he began the wider Aristotelianism, Aristotelian tradition that followed, which set the groundwork for the development of modern science. Little is known about Aristotle's life. He was born in the city of Stagira (ancient city), Stagira in northern Greece during the Classical Greece, Classical period. His father, Nicomachus (father of Aristotle), Nicomachus, died when Aristotle was a child, and he was brought up by a guardian. At around eighteen years old, he joined Plato's Platonic Academy, Academy in Athens and remained there until the age of thirty seven (). Shortly after Plato died, Aristotle left Athens and, at the request ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
