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Progress M1
Progress-M1 (, GRAU indices 11F615A55 and 11F615A70), also known as Progress 7K-TGM1, is a Russian spacecraft which is used to resupply space stations. It is a variant of the Progress spacecraft, derived from the Progress-M, but modified to carry more UDMH and N2O4 propellant for refuelling the International Space Station instead of other cargoes such as water. A Progress M1 11F615A55 spacecraft could carry up to of propellant in eight mid-section refuelling tanks, compared to the that a Progress-M of the same generation could carry. This propellant can be transferred to the Space Station's own propulsion system through fluid connectors in the docking ring, or it can alternatively be used by the Progress' thrusters to boost the station altitude or to change its orientation, or attitude, in space. In addition to propellant, the spacecraft can also carry up to (6 cubic meters volume) of supplies in its forward pressurized cargo module (including a maximum of of compressed air ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RKK Energia
S.P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation "Energia" () is a Russian manufacturer of spacecraft and space station components. Its name is derived from the Russian word for energy and is also named for Sergei Pavlovich Korolev, the first chief of its design bureau and the driving force behind early Soviet accomplishments in space exploration. Overview Energia is the largest company of the Russian space industry and one of its key players. It is responsible for all operations involving human spaceflight and is the lead developer of the Soyuz and Progress spacecraft, and the lead developer of the Russian end of the International Space Station (ISS). In the mid-2000s, the company employed 22,000–30,000 people. The enterprise has been awarded 4 Orders of Lenin, Order of the October Revolution and Russian Federation President's Message of Thanks. In addition, 14 cosmonauts employed by the company have been awarded the title "Hero of the Russian Federation". Structure The co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
KTDU-80
The KTDU-80 (Russian language, Russian: ) is the latest of a family of integrated propulsion system that KB KhIMMASH has implemented for the Soyuz (spacecraft), Soyuz since the Soyuz-T. It integrates main propulsion, Reaction control system, RCS and Spacecraft attitude control, attitude control in a single system Pressure-fed engine, pressure fed from a common dual string redundant pressurized propellant system. The common propellant is Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine, UDMH and Dinitrogen tetroxide, N2O4 and the main propulsion unit is the S5.80 main engine. It generates of thrust with a chamber pressure of and a nozzle expansion of 153.8 that enables it to achieve a specific impulse of . It is rated for 30 starts with a total firing time of 890 seconds. The integrated system without the pressurization or tanks weighs ; it is long with a diameter of . Description The KTDU-80 system integrates a dual string redundant propellant and pressurization system, a main propulsion system ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cygnus Spacecraft
Cygnus is an Expendable launch system, expendable American Uncrewed spacecraft, automated cargo spacecraft designed for International Space Station (ISS) resupply missions. It was initially developed by Orbital Sciences Corporation with financial support from NASA under the Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS) program. To create Cygnus, Orbital paired a pressurized cargo module, largely based on the Multi-Purpose Logistics Module, built by Thales Alenia Space and previously used by the Space Shuttle for ISS resupply, with a service module based on Orbital's GEOStar, a satellite bus. After a successful demonstration flight in 2013, Orbital was chosen to receive a Commercial Resupply Services (CRS) contract. A larger Enhanced Cygnus was introduced in 2015. Orbital Sciences merged into Orbital ATK in 2015; Northrop Grumman purchased Orbital ATK in 2018 and has continued to operate Cygnus missions. A further enlarged Mission B Cygnus is expected to be introduced in 2025. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Automated Transfer Vehicle
The Automated Transfer Vehicle, originally Ariane Transfer Vehicle or ATV, was an expendable automated cargo spacecraft, cargo spacecraft developed by the European Space Agency (ESA), used for space cargo transport in 2008–2015. The ATV design was launched to orbit five times, exclusively by the Ariane 5 heavy-lift launch vehicle. It effectively was a larger European counterpart to the Russian Progress (spacecraft), Progress cargo spacecraft for carrying upmass to a single destination—the International Space Station (ISS)—but with three times the capacity. History The five ATVs were named after important European figures in science and engineering: ''Jules Verne ATV, Jules Verne'', ''Johannes Kepler ATV, Johannes Kepler'', ''Edoardo Amaldi ATV, Edoardo Amaldi'', ''Albert Einstein ATV, Albert Einstein'', and ''Georges Lemaître ATV, Georges Lemaître''. Following several delays to the program, the first of these was launched in March 2008. These ATVs performed supply mis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soyuz-2 (rocket)
Soyuz2 (; GRAU index: 14A14) is a Russian expendable medium-lift launch vehicle and the seventh major iteration of the Soyuz rocket family. Compared to its predecessors, Soyuz-2 features significant upgrades, including improved engines and a digital flight control system that enables launches from fixed platforms and supports larger payload fairings. Developed by the Progress Rocket Space Centre (RKTs Progress) in Samara, Soyuz-2 is used to place payloads into low Earth orbit in standard configuration but can also support missions to higher orbits using an additional upper stage, most commonly the Fregat, though the smaller Volga is available as a less expensive option. Since its introduction in 2004, Soyuz-2 has gradually replaced earlier Soyuz variants and is launched from the facilities of its R-7 derived predecessors: Site 31/6 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan and Sites 43/3 and 43/4 at the Plesetsk Cosmodrome in northwestern Russia, and, since 2016, Site 1S a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soyuz-FG
The Soyuz-FG was an improved variant of the Soyuz-U launch vehicle from the R-7 (rocket family), R-7 rocket family, developed by the Progress Rocket Space Centre in Samara, Russia. It featured upgraded first and second stage engines, RD-107A and RD-108A, respectively, with enhanced injector heads that improved combustion efficiency and specific impulse. The designation "FG" refers to ''forsunochnaya golovka'' (''injector head'') in Russian. Soyuz-FG made its maiden flight on 20 May 2001, delivering a Progress (spacecraft), Progress cargo spacecraft to the International Space Station (ISS). It became the primary vehicle for launching crewed Soyuz TMA, Soyuz TMA-M, and Soyuz MS spacecraft from 2002 until its retirement in 2019. Launches occurred from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan: crewed missions from Gagarin's Start (Site 1/5) and satellite launches from Site 31/6. Design Soyuz-FG was introduced in May 2001 as a transitional solution while the more advanced Soyuz-2 was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Progress M1-9
Progress M1-9, identified by NASA as Progress 9P, was a Progress spacecraft used to resupply the International Space Station. It was a Progress-M1 11F615A55 spacecraft, with the serial number 258. Launch Progress M1-9 was launched by a Soyuz-FG carrier rocket from Site 1/5 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome. Launch occurred at 16:58:24 UTC on 25 September 2002. Docking The spacecraft docked with the aft port of the '' Zvezda'' module at 17:00:54 UTC on 29 September 2002. It remained docked for 125 days before undocking at 16:00:54 GMT on 1 February 2003. to make way for Progress M-47 It was deorbited at 19:10:00 UTC on the same day, burning up in the atmosphere over the Pacific Ocean just six hours after the had disintegrated over Texas. Any remaining debris from Progress M1-9 landed in the ocean at around 20:00:28 UTC. Progress M1-9 carried supplies to the International Space Station, including food, water and oxygen for the crew and equipment for conducting scientific research. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Progress M1-7
Progress M1-7, identified by NASA as Progress 6P, was a Progress spacecraft used to resupply the International Space Station. It was a Progress-M1 11F615A55 spacecraft, with the serial number 256. Launch Progress M1-7 was launched by a Soyuz-FG carrier rocket from Site 1/5 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome. Launch occurred at 18:24:12 UTC on 26 November 2001. The spacecraft docked with the aft port of the '' Zvezda'' module at 19:43:02 UTC on 28 November. It was unable to establish a hard dock due to debris from Progress M-45 on the docking port, which had to be removed in an unscheduled extra-vehicular activity on 3 December 2001, after which it was able to establish a hard dock. Docking Progress M1-7 remained docked to the ISS for 112 days before undocking at 17:43 UTC on 19 March 2002 to make way for Progress M1-8. It was deorbited at 01:27 UTC on 20 March 2002. The spacecraft burned up in the atmosphere over the Pacific Ocean, with any remaining debris landing in the ocean at a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Progress M1-6
Progress M1-6, identified by NASA as Progress 4P, was a Progress spacecraft used to resupply the International Space Station. It was a Progress-M1 11F615A55 spacecraft, with the serial number 255. Launch Progress M1-6 was launched on the maiden flight of the Soyuz-FG carrier rocket, flying from Site 1/5 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome. Launch occurred at 22:32:40 UTC on 20 May 2001. The spacecraft docked with the aft port of the '' Zvezda'' module at 00:23:57 UTC on 23 May 2001. Undocking It remained docked for 91 days before undocking at 06:02 UTC on 22 August 2001 to make way for Progress M-45. It was deorbited at 09:00 UTC on the same day, burning up in the atmosphere over the Pacific Ocean, with any remaining debris landing in the ocean at around 09:50 UTC. Progress M1-6 carried supplies to the International Space Station, including food, water and oxygen for the crew and equipment for conducting scientific research. See also * List of Progress flights * Uncrewed spaceflight ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soyuz-U
Soyuz-U ( GRAU index: 11A511U) was a Soviet and later Russian expendable medium-lift launch vehicle designed by the TsSKB design bureau and constructed at the Progress factory in Samara, Russia. The ''U'' designation stands for ''unified'', as the launch vehicle was the replacement for both the Voskhod rocket and the original Soyuz rocket. The Soyuz-U is part of the R-7 rocket family, which evolved from the R-7 Semyorka, an intercontinental ballistic missile. The first Soyuz-U flight took place on 18 May 1973, carrying as its payload Kosmos 559, a Zenit military surveillance satellite. The final flight of a Soyuz-U rocket took place on 22 February 2017, carrying Progress MS-05 to the International Space Station. Soyuz-U was in use continuously for almost 44 years. Production of R-7 derived launch vehicles peaked in the late 1970s-early 1980s at 55–60 a year. Soyuz-U held the world record of highest launch rate in a year in 1979 with 47 flights until this was bea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soyuz (rocket Family)
Soyuz (, GRAU index: 11A511) is a family of Soviet and later Russian expendable Medium-lift launch vehicle, medium-lift launch vehicles initially developed by the OKB-1 design bureau and manufactured by the Progress Rocket Space Centre factory in Samara, Russia. It holds the record for the most launches in the history of spaceflight. Soyuz rockets are part of the R-7 (rocket family), R-7 rocket family, which evolved from the R-7 Semyorka, the world's first intercontinental ballistic missile. As with many Soviet rockets, the names of recurring payloads became associated with the launch vehicle itself. Consequently, the Soyuz rockets are best known as the launch vehicles for crewed Soyuz (spacecraft), Soyuz spacecraft under the Soyuz programme, as well as for uncrewed Progress (spacecraft), Progress cargo spacecraft to the International Space Station (ISS). Despite this recognition, the majority of Soyuz launches have been dedicated to deploying satellites for both governmental a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Progress M1-5
Progress M1-5 was the Progress spacecraft which was launched by Russia in 2001 to deorbit the fifteen-year-old ''Mir'' space station in a controlled fashion over a remote area of the southern Pacific Ocean (known as the spacecraft cemetery) otherwise Mir's orbit would have decayed uncontrolled over time (like e.g. Skylab), with debris potentially landing in a populated area. The Russian Aviation and Space Agency, Rosaviakosmos, was responsible for the mission. Launched in January 2001 after a short delay due to a problem with ''Mir'', on 27 January Progress M1-5 became the last spacecraft to dock with the station. It spent two months attached to the '' Kvant-1'' module before deorbiting the station on 23 March 2001. ''Mir'' re-entered the atmosphere with Progress M1-5 still docked, disintegrating over the Pacific Ocean, with debris falling into the ocean at around 06:00 UTC. During the early stages of the uncrewed Progress M1-5 mission, a crewed Soyuz was placed on standby t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
